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All Journal Journal of Innovative and Creativity JRTI (Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia)
Ubaedi Ubaedi
Universitas Pamulang
Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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the Evaluating Traditional Game-Based Instructional Strategies to Enhance Cognitive Skills in Physical Education Learning Ubaedi Ubaedi; Rahmat Gunawan; Ilona Pratiwi Hutabarat; Doki Harpinus
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of traditional game-based instructional strategies in enhancing elementary school students’ cognitive skills in physical education (PE) learning. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group approach. The study was conducted in a primary school located in a mountainous area with limited access to digital learning resources, emphasizing the importance of contextual and low-cost instructional alternatives. The participants consisted of eighteen fourth- and fifth-grade students who were divided into an experimental group (n = 9) and a control group (n = 9). The experimental group received PE instruction integrated with traditional games, while the control group was taught using conventional instructional methods. Students’ cognitive skills were measured using a cognitive assessment instrument administered before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired-samples t-tests, independent-samples t-tests, and normalized gain (N-Gain) analysis. The results indicated that both groups experienced significant improvements in cognitive performance; however, the experimental group demonstrated substantially higher learning gains. The experimental group achieved a mean gain of 12.56 (52.7%), compared to 7.67 (37.9%) in the control group. Inferential analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in posttest scores favoring the experimental group. These findings suggest that traditional game-based instructional strategies are effective in improving students’ cognitive skills in physical education learning, particularly in educational settings with limited technological resources.
Flexibility and hand–eye coordination profiles in children aged 10–12 years Masnur Ali; Qory Jumrotul Aqobah; Ubaedi Ubaedi
JRTI (Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): JRTI (Jurnal Riset Tindakan Indonesia)
Publisher : IICET (Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education and Therapy)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29210/30036834000

Abstract

The development of physical and motor abilities in school-age children plays an essential role in supporting optimal growth and development. This study aimed to determine the profile of flexibility and hand–eye coordination among children aged 10–12 years in the coastal area of Anyer, Banten. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method using a survey approach. The population consisted of children aged 10–12 years living in the coastal area of Anyer, Banten. The sample included 43 children, consisting of 24 girls and 19 boys, selected using purposive sampling techniques. The instruments used were the sit and reach test to measure flexibility and the ball throw-and-catch test to measure hand–eye coordination. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies and percentages. The results showed that the flexibility level of children aged 10–12 years was predominantly categorized as very good, with 27 children (62.79%), followed by good with 11 children (25.58%) and moderate with 5 children (11.62%). In contrast, the hand–eye coordination test revealed that 25 children (58.14%) were categorized as poor, 13 children (30.23%) as moderate, 3 children (6.98%) as very poor, and only 2 children (4.65%) as good. The findings indicate that children living in the coastal area of Anyer generally demonstrate excellent flexibility; however, their hand–eye coordination ability remains relatively low. Therefore, physical education programs should provide more structured visual–motor coordination activities through manipulative games and sports activities to improve children’s motor development.
Co-Authors Doki Harpinus Ilona Pratiwi Hutabarat Masnur Ali Qory Jumrotul Aqobah Rahmat Gunawan