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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE)
Syech Zainal
Tadulako University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Effectiveness of Blended Learning in Improving Students Learning Outcomes and Active Participation in Biology Subjects Mohammad Jamhari; I Nengah Kundera; Syech Zainal; Wa Ode Sitti Mardhiyah
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 11 (2025): November
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i11.13054

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology in education demands innovative learning models that combine flexibility, interactivity, and collaboration to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes. This classroom action research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of a blended learning model integrated with the cooperative Teams Games Tournament (TGT) approach in improving students’ learning outcomes and active participation in Biology subjects. The study was conducted in two cycles involving 28 students of class XI H at SMAN 4 Palu during the 2024/2025 academic year. Data were collected through observation sheets and cognitive learning tests. The results showed a significant improvement in both teacher performance and student learning outcomes. The average teacher activity increased from 78.2% (Good) to 93.7% (Very Good), while students’ classical mastery rose from 53.57% to 79%, with the N-Gain improving from “Low” (0.29) to “Moderate” (0.49). Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test confirmed a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores (p < 0.001), with an effect size (r = -1.000) categorized as very large. Additionally, students’ active participation increased from “Fairly Active” to “Active” in most aspects. These findings indicate that integrating blended learning with the TGT model effectively enhances both cognitive achievement and engagement in Biology learning.
Diversity of Insect Visitors to Oil Palm Flowers in Smallholder Plantations as a Potential Resource for Environment Based Learning in Education Samsurizal M Suleman; Manap Trianto; Syech Zainal
Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) Vol 6 No 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jee.v6i3.1737

Abstract

Purpose of the study: Insect visitors to oil palm flowers, an important component in the pollination process and ecosystem services, are evaluated for their diversity in this study. The research explores their potential as a resource for environment-based learning rooted in local contexts within smallholder plantations, aiming to raise awareness and support sustainable education practices in the community. Methodology: Insects were collected using sweep nets, yellow pan traps, and direct observation. Identification was conducted using a Nikon SMZ445 stereo microscope and reference to entomological keys. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, focusing on species composition and abundance. An e-pocket book was developed as a learning resource. Main Findings: The results showed a total of 50 morphospecies of insect visitors on both male and female oil palm flowers. The number of insect species visiting male flowers was higher, consisting of 38 morphospecies belonging to 21 families and 10 orders. The results of the study were developed into a local wisdom-based pocket book focused on the diversity of insect visitors to oil palm flowers in smallholder plantations. The learning resource was validated by content experts, design experts, media experts, and students, with an average score of 81.7%, indicating it is highly suitable for use in environment-based education. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study highlights insect diversity in smallholder oil palm plantations, which is rarely documented. It also links ecological data with educational applications, providing a model for utilizing local biodiversity as a teaching resource in environmental and biology education.
Diversity and Composition of Insect Species Associated with Natural Rattan Habitats in Namo Village, Kulawi, Central Sulawesi Musdalifah Nurdin; Samsurizal M Suleman; Syech Zainal; Moh Sabran; Raya Agni; Manap Trianto
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1289-1295

Abstract

Tropical forest ecosystems are home to diverse insect communities that play essential ecological roles, including pollination, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Among the key forest plants, rattan (Arecaceae) provides both ecological and economic benefits and serves as an important microhabitat for various insect species. This study aimed to identify and analyze the diversity of insect species associated with natural rattan habitats in Namo Village, Kulawi District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Insect sampling was carried out using sweep nets, pitfall traps, and yellow pan traps along rattan-dominated forest transects. A total of 125 individual insects were collected, representing 7 orders, 28 families, and 37 species. The order Hymenoptera showed the highest abundance (41.6%), dominated by Formicidae and Apidae families, followed by Coleoptera (25.6%) and Diptera (17.6%). The Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index (H’ = 2.84) indicated moderate species diversity with high evenness (E = 0.83). Functionally, the insect community consisted of pollinators (38.2%), herbivores (25.4%), decomposers (19.6%), and predators (16.8%). These findings demonstrate that natural rattan ecosystems support diverse and functionally balanced insect assemblages, reflecting stable ecological conditions and minimal anthropogenic disturbance. Conserving natural rattan stands is therefore crucial for maintaining biodiversity and sustaining ecological functions such as pollination and decomposition within tropical forest ecosystems.
Ethnobotanical Study of Plant Utilization in the Life Cycle Ceremonies of the Kaili Tado Ethnic Group in Central Sulawesi Syech Zainal; Supriyatman Supriyatman; Aan Febriawan; Amalia Buntu; Muh. Syarif Abd Syukur; Pahriadi Pahriadi; Raya Agni
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1315-1324

Abstract

The Kaili Tado ethnic group of Central Sulawesi maintains a rich ethnobotanical tradition in which plants play essential roles in life cycle ceremonies that mark the stages of human existence from birth and marriage to death. This study aimed to identify and analyze the species, uses, symbolic meanings, and conservation status of plants employed in the traditional rituals of the Kaili Tado community. The research was conducted in Langko Village, Lindu District, Sigi Regency, from July to August 2025, using a qualitative descriptive ethnobotanical approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and field documentation involving twelve key informants, including traditional leaders, ritual practitioners, and elder community members. A total of 11 plant species were recorded, representing diverse functions and cultural symbolism. Plants such as Oryza sativa (rice), Cocos nucifera (coconut), and Areca catechu (areca nut) symbolize prosperity, purity, and strength, respectively, while others like Kalanchoe pinnata and Jatropha curcas serve as protective and purifying agents. Most species are easily available around home gardens, but a few such as Piper betle and Calamus sp. are becoming scarce. The study demonstrates that the Kaili Tado community’s ritual plant use reflects deep ecological awareness and moral philosophy, emphasizing balance between humans and nature. Ethnobotanical documentation of these practices is essential not only for preserving cultural heritage but also for promoting biodiversity conservation and environmental education.
Abundance and Distribution of Millipedes (Diplopoda) in Wera Nature Recreation Park Rifana Lemba; Syech Zainal; Rafiqa Rafiqa; Fatmah Dhafir; Masrianih Masrianih; Manap Trianto
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.597-603

Abstract

Millipedes (Diplopoda) play an important role in forest ecosystems, particularly in the decomposition of organic matter and the recycling of nutrients, thereby contributing to soil fertility and ecosystem stability. This study aimed to determine the abundance and distribution patterns of millipedes (Diplopoda) in Wera Nature Recreation Park, Balumpewa Village, West Dolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. The research was designed as a quantitative descriptive study. Sampling was carried out using an exploratory survey method combined with hand collection techniques at three observation stations. These stations were selected using purposive sampling based on differences in environmental characteristics and habitat conditions. Data collection was conducted in three repetitions at two-week intervals to obtain representative data on millipede communities. In addition to species collection, measurements of physical environmental parameters were also performed, including light intensity, soil pH, air temperature, and humidity, as these factors are known to influence the presence and distribution of soil macrofauna. The results showed that six millipede species were recorded, belonging to three orders and three families. The average environmental conditions at the study site included a light intensity of 722.2 lux, soil pH of 6.8, temperature of 28.2°C, and humidity of 76.7%. These conditions indicate a habitat that is relatively less optimal for millipede populations. The species abundance index was classified as low, suggesting limited population sizes within the study area. However, the Relative Abundance Index (RAI) revealed variation among species, with two species categorized as having high relative abundance, one species moderate, and three species low. Analysis using Morisita’s Index and the Standardized Morisita Index (Ip) demonstrated that all recorded species exhibited a clumped distribution pattern. This distribution suggests that millipedes tend to concentrate in specific microhabitats that provide suitable moisture, shelter, and food resources. Overall, the findings indicate that unstable environmental conditions may restrict millipede distribution, causing them to utilize only particular microhabitats that meet their ecological requirements.
Identification of Lichen Based on Substrate in Bale Village, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency Adrian Adrian; Lilies Lilies; Lestari MP Alibasyah; Bustamin Bustamin; Syech Zainal; Musdalifah Nurdin
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.605-611

Abstract

Lichens are associations between fungi and photosynthetic symbionts, such as algae or cyanobacteria, that form stable and specialized thallus structures. The fungi that predominantly compose the lichen body belong to the Ascomycetes, while the algal partners contribute to the overall structure. This association enhances the ability of both fungi and algae to survive in suboptimal environmental conditions because the thallus structure, physiology, and chemical synthesis of lichens differ from those of the individual fungi or algae that constitute them. Lichens are lower plants that occur in various habitats worldwide and dominate terrestrial ecosystems, covering approximately 8% of the Earth’s land surface. Globally, around 20,000 lichen species have been reported, whereas in Indonesia, 595 species or about 3% of the world’s total have been documented. This study aimed to identify lichen species based on their substrates in the Bale Village area, Tanantovea District, Donggala Regency. The sampling method used was the exploration method. Lichen samples were collected from various substrates, followed by direct macroscopic observations to identify the species obtained. Research sites were determined using purposive sampling, selected based on the environmental conditions and the diversity of substrates where lichens grow. Three locations were designated as research stations: Station 1 (residential area), Station 2 (forest and river area, partly used as a tourist site), and Station 3 (forest area and local plantations). The results of this study identified 10 lichen species belonging to 5 families and found on 3 types of substrates. Environmental parameter measurements at the research sites showed an average temperature of 27.66°C, air humidity of 66%, and light intensity of 828.66 cd. These values indicate warm, humid conditions with moderate to highlight intensity conditions generally optimal for the growth and development of lichens.
Identification of Escherichia coli in Gado-Gado Sold Around Tadulako University Nur Amal; I Nengah Kundera; Syech Zainal; Yulia Windarsih; Rafiqa Rafiqa; Abdul Ashari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.779-786

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a pathogenic bacterium that has the potential to contaminate food. Certain strains of E. coli exhibit pathogenic properties and may cause infections in hosts. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in food is a critical concern in food safety. This study aimed to identify the presence of E. coli in gado-gado sold in the canteens of Tadulako University. This research employed a descriptive exploratory laboratory approach. Samples were collected from five different canteens using random sampling techniques. Microbiological analyses were conducted using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, Total Plate Count (TPC), Gram staining, cultivation on selective Eosin Methylene Blue Agar, and biochemical testing using Triple Sugar Iron Agar. The results showed that the average Most Probable Number was 4,900 MPN /mL of sample, while the Total Plate Count averaged 35,800 CFU/mL. This TPC value exceeds the standard set by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) of 104 CFU/g, indicating that the food products do not meet the required health standards. Confirmatory tests on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar showed colony growth with a metallic green sheen and reddish coloration, characteristic of Gram-negative bacilli. Biochemical testing on Triple Sugar Iron Agar yielded positive results consistent with the biochemical characteristics of E. coli. Therefore, the findings confirm the presence of E. coli in the analyzed samples.
Co-Authors Aan Febriawan Abdul Ashari Adrian Adrian Bustamin Bustamin Fatmah Dhafir I Nengah Kundera Lestari MP Alibasyah Lilies Lilies Manap Trianto Masrianih Masrianih Mohammad Jamhari Muh. Syarif Abd Syukur Musdalifah Nurdin Nur Amal Pahriadi Pahriadi Rafiqa Rafiqa Raya Agni Rifana Lemba Sabran , Moh. Samsurizal, M. Sulaeman Supriyatman, Supriyatman Wa Ode Sitti Mardhiyah Yulia Windarsih