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Ethnobotanical Study of Plant Utilization in the Life Cycle Ceremonies of the Kaili Tado Ethnic Group in Central Sulawesi Syech Zainal; Supriyatman Supriyatman; Aan Febriawan; Amalia Buntu; Muh. Syarif Abd Syukur; Pahriadi Pahriadi; Raya Agni
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1315-1324

The Kaili Tado ethnic group of Central Sulawesi maintains a rich ethnobotanical tradition in which plants play essential roles in life cycle ceremonies that mark the stages of human existence from birth and marriage to death. This study aimed to identify and analyze the species, uses, symbolic meanings, and conservation status of plants employed in the traditional rituals of the Kaili Tado community. The research was conducted in Langko Village, Lindu District, Sigi Regency, from July to August 2025, using a qualitative descriptive ethnobotanical approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and field documentation involving twelve key informants, including traditional leaders, ritual practitioners, and elder community members. A total of 11 plant species were recorded, representing diverse functions and cultural symbolism. Plants such as Oryza sativa (rice), Cocos nucifera (coconut), and Areca catechu (areca nut) symbolize prosperity, purity, and strength, respectively, while others like Kalanchoe pinnata and Jatropha curcas serve as protective and purifying agents. Most species are easily available around home gardens, but a few such as Piper betle and Calamus sp. are becoming scarce. The study demonstrates that the Kaili Tado community’s ritual plant use reflects deep ecological awareness and moral philosophy, emphasizing balance between humans and nature. Ethnobotanical documentation of these practices is essential not only for preserving cultural heritage but also for promoting biodiversity conservation and environmental education.

Analysis of Microplastics in the Digestive Tracts of Mackerel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) for SDG 14 Masriani Masriani; Abd. Hakim Laenggeng; Fatmah Dhafir; Aan Febriawan
Journal of Current Studies in SDGs Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sabilul Muttaqin Mojokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63230/jocsis.2.1.157

Objective: Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by microplastic pollution, which can accumulate in commercially important fish species and potentially affect human health. This study aimed to identify the characteristics and abundance of microplastics in the digestive tracts of mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) from Boneoge waters, Donggala Regency, and examine the relationship between digestive tract size and microplastic abundance. Method: A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using 30 specimens of each fish species collected from local fishermen. Digestive tract samples were digested using 10% KOH, incubated at 75°C, filtered, and observed under a binocular microscope. Microplastic abundance was expressed as particles per gram of digestive tract weight. Simple linear regression analysis using SPSS 25 was performed to evaluate the relationship between digestive tract size and microplastic abundance. Results: Three microplastic types were identified: film, fragment, and fiber, with film being dominant in both species. Total microplastic abundance reached 3.940 particles/g in mackerel tuna and 3.071 particles/g in skipjack tuna. Regression analysis showed a weak positive relationship between digestive tract size and microplastic abundance (R² = 0.137 and 0.140), suggesting that other environmental and biological factors play a greater role. Novelty: Providing the first baseline data on microplastic contamination in mackerel tuna and skipjack tuna from Boneoge waters, Central Sulawesi, and contributes to SDG 14 (Life Below Water) by strengthening evidence-based efforts to address marine microplastic pollution.

Analysis of Microplastics in the Digestive Tracts of Mackerel Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) for SDG 14 Masriani Masriani; Abd. Hakim Laenggeng; Fatmah Dhafir; Aan Febriawan
Journal of Current Studies in SDGs Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Sabilul Muttaqin Mojokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63230/jocsis.2.1.157

Objective: Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by microplastic pollution, which can accumulate in commercially important fish species and potentially affect human health. This study aimed to identify the characteristics and abundance of microplastics in the digestive tracts of mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) and skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) from Boneoge waters, Donggala Regency, and examine the relationship between digestive tract size and microplastic abundance. Method: A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using 30 specimens of each fish species collected from local fishermen. Digestive tract samples were digested using 10% KOH, incubated at 75°C, filtered, and observed under a binocular microscope. Microplastic abundance was expressed as particles per gram of digestive tract weight. Simple linear regression analysis using SPSS 25 was performed to evaluate the relationship between digestive tract size and microplastic abundance. Results: Three microplastic types were identified: film, fragment, and fiber, with film being dominant in both species. Total microplastic abundance reached 3.940 particles/g in mackerel tuna and 3.071 particles/g in skipjack tuna. Regression analysis showed a weak positive relationship between digestive tract size and microplastic abundance (R² = 0.137 and 0.140), suggesting that other environmental and biological factors play a greater role. Novelty: Providing the first baseline data on microplastic contamination in mackerel tuna and skipjack tuna from Boneoge waters, Central Sulawesi, and contributes to SDG 14 (Life Below Water) by strengthening evidence-based efforts to address marine microplastic pollution.

Density of Araceae in the Saluopa Waterfall Tourism Area, Wera Village, Poso Regency Gloria Indah; Samsurizal M Suleman; Aan Febriawan; Amelia Buntu; Lestari MP Alibasyah; Hayyatun Mawaddah
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1293-1299

Araceae is a group of herbaceous plants that grow on land (terrestrial), in water (aquatic), and by climbing on trees (epiphytic). Araceae plants are widely known by the community as ornamental plants commonly found in home gardens; however, they can also be found growing wild in forests. Tropical regions such as Indonesia provide highly suitable habitats for these plants. Approximately 90% of Araceae genera and 95% of their species occur in tropical areas. This study aimed to describe and determine the species density of plants belonging to the Araceae family in Saluopa Waterfall area, Wera Village, Poso Regency. This research employed a quantitative descriptive design using a survey method, with sampling conducted through the belt transect method. The population in this study consisted of all Araceae species found in the Saluopa Waterfall area, Wera Village. The sample included all Araceae individuals recorded along the observation transects. Documentation and specimen collection were carried out for each Araceae species to enable identification based on morphological characteristics, followed by density analysis. The results revealed 10 species belonging to the Araceae family, distributed across nine genera: Aglaonema, Colocasia, Dieffenbachia, Xanthosoma, Homalomena, Schismatoglottis, Rhaphidophora, Scindapsus, and Syngonium. The density values ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 individuals per meter, comprising ten species from nine different genera. The highest density species was Colocasia esculenta (0.24), followed by Homalomena rubescens (0.17) and Dieffenbachia seguine (0.13) while the lowest one was Schismatoglottis calyptrata (0.02).

Phanerogamae Species in The Post-Liquefaction Area of Balaroa Subdistrict, Palu City Gina Rizkyta Aulia; Astija Astija; Hayyatun Mawaddah; Lestari M.P. Alibasyah; Aan Febriawan; Musdalifah Nurdin
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1481-1488

Phanerogamae are classified as plants with the highest level of phylogenetic development because they produce seeds. Ontogenetically, seeds function as the generative reproductive structures of these plants, as their formation is preceded by sexual reproduction. This study aimed to identify and describe the morphological characteristics of Phanerogamae plants in the post-liquefaction area of Balaroa Subdistrict, Palu City. The research was motivated by the limited scientific information regarding plant species capable of growing and adapting to post-liquefaction environments. A descriptive-exploratory method was employed through direct field observations and morphological identification based on root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed characteristics. The results revealed the presence of 22 Phanerogamae species belonging to two classes and twelve orders, exhibiting diverse morphological characteristics and varying patterns of vegetation distribution. Several species were found to dominate specific areas according to habitat conditions, such as waterlogged zones and open lands formed after the disaster. The study concludes that the post-liquefaction area of Balaroa Subdistrict continues to support the growth of various Phanerogamae species that possess the capacity to adapt to environmental changes.

Uncovering the Veil: Overcoming Challenges in Science Teaching Standards Raya Agni; Aan Febriawan; Syech Zainal
Integrated Science Education Journal Vol 5 No 3 (2024): September
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/isej.v5i3.1272

Purpose of the study: This study examines the challenges faced by junior high school teachers in implementing science teaching standards, with a particular focus on issues related to instructional guidance, continuous assessment, and the provision of resources. It aims to identify gaps and offer strategies to enhance science education quality in Indonesian schools.Methodology: A mixed-method approach was employed, combining classroom observations, structured interviews, and questionnaires. Data were collected from 160 participants, including teachers and students from junior high schools in Mantikulore District, Central Sulawesi. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative insights were drawn from thematic coding of interviews and observations.Main Findings: The findings reveal that while teachers demonstrate competence in providing guidance and conducting assessments, significant challenges remain in creating conducive learning environments. These include insufficient access to modern teaching resources, limited training in continuous assessment methods, and overcrowded classrooms that hinder effective science instruction. Students reported that practical activities and hands-on experiments were often constrained by a lack of laboratory materials, impacting their engagement and understanding of scientific concepts.Novelty/Originality of this study: This research provides localized insights into the systemic and practical challenges faced by Indonesian schools in implementing science teaching standards. It uniquely highlights the interplay between resource availability, teacher development, and classroom practices. The study proposes innovative strategies for resource allocation, capacity building, and the integration of technology to address these gaps, contributing to evidence-based policy recommendations.

The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Derived from Mustard Green Vegetable Waste on the Growth of Cayenne Pepper Plants (Capsicum frutescens) Firna Amanda; Manap Trianto; Lestari M.P Alibasyah; Aan Febriawan; Amalia Buntu; Ika Istadewi; Lilies Tangge
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1611-1620

Organic fertilizer is a type of fertilizer produced from natural materials derived from living organisms. One form of organic fertilizer is liquid organic fertilizer, which has the advantage of providing nutrients that are more readily available and easily absorbed by plants. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer derived from mustard green vegetable waste on the growth of cayenne pepper plants (Capsicum frutescens L.). The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatment levels: P0 (control), P1 5% (10 mL), P2 10% (20 mL), P3 15% (30 mL), and P4 20% (40 mL). Each treatment was replicated three times, resulting in a total of 15 experimental units. The observed parameters included plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves. Data were analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test when significant differences were detected. The results showed that the application of liquid organic fertilizer derived from mustard green vegetable waste had a significant effect on plant height, stem diameter, and leaf number of cayenne pepper plants. Treatment P2 with a concentration of 10% (20 mL) produced the best results across all observed parameters. This finding indicates that this concentration was able to provide sufficient and balanced nutrients to support vegetative plant growth, whereas increasing the concentration to 15% and 20% did not result in a significant improvement in growth. Therefore, liquid organic fertilizer derived from mustard green vegetable waste has the potential to be utilized as an alternative organic fertilizer for enhancing the growth of cayenne pepper plants, with an optimum concentration of 10% (20 mL).

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