KAMUHI, RINI HERMINA
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Gibberellin and potassium sorbate synergy for parthenocarpy and sugar enhancement in Bali grapes, Indonesia KAMUHI, RINI HERMINA; DWIYANI, RINDANG; DARMAWATI, IDA AYU PUTRI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090223

Abstract

Abstract. Kamuhi RH, Dwiyani R, Darmawati IAP. 2025. Gibberellin and potassium sorbate synergy for parthenocarpy and sugar enhancement in Bali grapes, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 9: 568-581. Bali grape (Vitis vinifera L. var. Alphonso Lavallee) is a high-value horticultural commodity; however, its fruit quality, particularly sweetness and seed content, often falls short of consumer expectations. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gibberellin (GA3) and potassium sorbate applications on parthenocarpy induction and sugar content enhancement. The experiment employed a factorial randomized complete block design with two factors: GA3 concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) and potassium sorbate concentrations (0 and 0.3%), each with five replications, resulting in 40 experimental units. Results showed that both GA3 and potassium sorbate significantly affected cluster and fruit characteristics, including cluster length, pedicel length, fruit number and weight, as well as seed number and weight. The interaction between the two treatments had a significant effect on berry diameter, number of millerandage (undeveloped) berries, and sugar content. The combined application of 150 ppm GA3 and 0.3% potassium sorbate increased berry diameter to approximately 19 mm and sugar content by about 38% to 19°Brix, while reducing the number of millerandage berries to 1.60 per cluster. GA3 at 150 ppm effectively reduced seed number and seed weight, while increasing fruit number, fruit weight, cluster weight, and cluster size. Potassium sorbate also contributed to improving the physical quality of the fruit. These findings indicate a synergistic effect between GA3 and potassium sorbate. The combined application, which is both practical and cost-effective, offers a promising agronomic strategy to improve the fruit quality of Bali grape, thereby enhancing its competitiveness in both domestic and international.
Genetic diversity and relationships among native Dendrobium species from Bali, Indonesia, using SSR markers DARMAWATI, IDA AYU PUTRI; DWIYANI, RINDANG; PRADNYAWATHI, NI LUH MADE; FITRIANI, YUYUN; LISTIHANI, LISTIHANI; KAMUHI, RINI HERMINA
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090200

Abstract

Abstract. Darmawati IAP, Dwiyani R, Pradnyawathi NLM, Fitriani Y, Listihani L, Kamuhi RH. 2025. Genetic diversity and relationships among native Dendrobium species from Bali, Indonesia, using SSR markers. Asian J Agric 9: 917-924. Bali, Indonesia, has significant potential for the development of orchid cultivation, particularly through the production of hybrids that meet market preferences. Among various orchid genera, Dendrobium holds major economic and horticultural importance due to its wide adaptability, aesthetic value, and high demand in both domestic and international markets. Wild Dendrobium species represent an invaluable source of germplasm that can be used for interspecific hybridization and the development of new cultivars with desirable characteristics such as flower color, shape, and durability. However, the lack of information on the genetic diversity of native Dendrobium species in Bali limits their effective use in breeding and conservation programs. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and relationships among 24 native Dendrobium species collected from 12 forest areas across Bali using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. The molecular analysis revealed high genetic variation, with 86.21 percent of loci showing polymorphism and moderate heterozygosity across populations. Genetic similarity coefficients among species ranged from 0.66 to 0.97. The highest genetic similarity was observed between Dendrobium sp. Wanagiri and Dendrobium sp. Sepang, while D. fimbriatum was identified as the most genetically distinct species. These findings demonstrate a broad genetic base among Bali’s native Dendrobium species, indicating their strong potential as parental resources in hybrid breeding programs. The study also provides valuable molecular data that support the conservation and sustainable utilization of Bali’s native orchid germplasm for future cultivation and breeding initiatives.