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All Journal Science Midwifery Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP)
Afsari, Novi
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Dentistry Health Professions Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Analisis Yuridis Penerapan Standar Pelayanan Minimum (SPM) di Bidang Kesehatan di Puskesmas Afsari, Novi; Ropii, Imam
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v6i2.6747

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara yuridis implementasi Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) di sektor kesehatan di Puskesmas menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Metode yang digunakan mencakup pemeriksaan terhadap undang-undang dan peraturan terkait, doktrin hukum, serta literatur hukum, serta melakukan studi literatur terhadap bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang relevan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data secara sistematis, serta penarikan kesimpulan kualitatif guna memperoleh gambaran komprehensif mengenai regulasi dan implementasi SPM di Puskesmas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi SPM di Puskesmas sangat bergantung pada kerangka regulasi yang kuat dan terintegrasi sebagai landasan hukum dalam pelaksanaan layanan kesehatan dasar. Hambatan signifikan ditemukan dalam keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, infrastruktur yang tidak memadai, kendala administratif, pembiayaan, serta kondisi geografis dan partisipasi masyarakat yang rendah. Berbagai upaya penegakan hukum telah dilakukan melalui penguatan regulasi, penataan wewenang yang jelas, pengawasan dan evaluasi rutin, sistem pelaporan standar, sosialisasi hukum, koordinasi lintas sektor, serta pemberian sanksi administratif untuk memastikan kepatuhan dalam implementasi SPM. Penegakan aspek hukum ini merupakan faktor penting untuk memastikan kualitas layanan kesehatan yang adil dan berkelanjutan di Puskesmas sebagai garda terdepan layanan kesehatan masyarakat.
Resolving medical malpractice disputes through customary institutions: Between statutory law and local wisdom Afsari, Novi; Sari, Avy Permata; Adhimutiahara, Fatmasari Diahpermata Djajaputri; Wibawa, Ida Bagus Gede Adiguna; Kuntardjo, Carolina
Science Midwifery Vol 14 No 1 (2026): April: Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v14i1.2340

Abstract

The transformation of medical dispute resolution in Indonesia reveals a critical paradox: while Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health mandates non-litigation mechanisms, the existing framework remains entrapped within a state-centric legal paradigm that systematically marginalizes customary institutions which have long served as accessible, socially legitimate, and restoratively-oriented dispute forums across diverse Indonesian communities. A fundamental research gap persists in the prevailing legal monism approach, which creates a normative vacuum by failing to recognize customary institutions operationally within health law, thereby forcing communities to choose between legally certain but inaccessible formal mechanisms and socially accepted but legally uncertain customary processes — a justice gap that disproportionately burdens economically vulnerable populations. This study employs a normative-prescriptive legal methodology integrating legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches to reconstruct the positional framework of customary institutions within medical dispute resolution. The findings reveal that customary institutions hold strong constitutional legitimacy under Article 18B(2) of the 1945 Constitution yet operate within a normative vacuum in the medical domain, and introduce a Two-Tier Integrative Model positioning customary institutions as relational mediation forums at the first tier and MKDKI as technical verifier at the second tier, connected through a court homologation mechanism. This study provides a strategic normative blueprint recommending explicit revision of Law No. 17 of 2023 to accommodate customary institutions within the national medical dispute resolution system.
Co-Authors Adhimutiahara, Fatmasari Diahpermata Djajaputri Avy Permata Sari, Avy Permata Kuntardjo, Carolina ropii, imam Wibawa, Ida Bagus Gede Adiguna