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All Journal AL-Ishlah : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum HORIZON PUBLIC LEGAL STUDIES
Askari Razak
Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Between Jokes and Crime: A Legal Perspective on Catcalling in Public Spaces Nur Rahmawaty Idrus; Askari Razak; Syamsul Alam
HORIZON PUBLIC LEGAL STUDIES Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Vol 2 No 1 (2025): Horizon Public Legal Studies
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/ssyf3n92

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal provisions for verbal harassment (catcalling) as a form of sexual harassment in public spaces and to examine the urgency of legal protection for victims in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research method with an emphasis on the study of applicable legal norms, principles, and principles, through a literature review covering primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are then analyzed qualitatively to find a match between the construction of norms and the reality of victim protection. The renewal of this study lies in the emphasis on strengthening the victim's perspective in reading the phenomenon of catcalling as a violation of human dignity and the right to feel safe in public spaces, while also testing the effectiveness of existing legal regulations in responding to contemporary social dynamics. The results of this study indicate that catcalling is a form of verbal sexual harassment that has real psychological and social impacts, and has received stronger legal recognition, although in practice it still faces obstacles in terms of proof, the capacity of officials, and cultural normalization in society. The conclusion of this study confirms that legal protection for victims is not yet fully optimal and requires strengthened implementation, consistent law enforcement, and a victim-sensitive approach.  This study recommends consistent law enforcement with a victim-centered approach, along with public education, increased collective awareness of the need to reject catcalling, and further studies on the effectiveness of its implementation in practice.
The Effectiveness of Law Enforcement by the Police in Addressing Motorcycle Theft Crimes: A Study at the South Sulawesi Regional Police Ardia Uga Mawarni; Askari Razak; fahri Bachmid
Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 29 No 1 (2026): December 2025 - May 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of police functions in law enforcement against motorcycle theft within the jurisdiction of the South Sulawesi Regional Police. The research employs an empirical juridical approach by examining the implementation of law in practice through field data and legal analysis. Data were obtained from interviews with police investigators, documentation studies, and relevant legal materials. The findings indicate that police functions, including preemptive, preventive, and repressive measures, have been implemented but have not yet achieved optimal effectiveness. This is reflected in the gap between the number of reported cases and the rate of case resolution. Several factors influence this condition, including the consistency of legal regulations, the professionalism and integrity of law enforcement officers, limitations in facilities and infrastructure, low community participation, and the level of legal culture within society. The study emphasizes the importance of strengthening institutional capacity, utilizing technology, enhancing community involvement, and reformulating adaptive law enforcement strategies. These efforts are expected to improve the effectiveness of law enforcement and contribute to maintaining public security and order
Responsibility of Local Government in Ensuring the Rights of Informal Sector Workers: A Case Study of Illegal Parking Attendants in Tanah Abang Rama Nugraha Alvareza; Muhammad Kamal; Askari Razak
Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 29 No 1 (2026): December 2025 - May 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56087/

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the responsibility of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government in managing illegal parking attendants in the Tanah Abang area and its conformity with the principles of the rule of law and the fulfillment of the right to work. The study employs an empirical method with descriptive and prescriptive approaches to examine the gap between legal norms and social realities. The findings indicate that the existence of illegal parking attendants is a structural phenomenon influenced by limited access to formal employment and the high demand for parking services in urban areas. The policy approach, which has predominantly been repressive, has not been able to resolve the root causes and instead tends to create a recurring cycle between enforcement and the re-emergence of illegal parking practices. From the perspective of the rule of law, the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2012 on Parking has not fully reflected the principles of legality, justice, and expediency. The fulfillment of the right to work requires the local government not only to enforce order but also to provide access to decent employment, legal protection, and social security for informal sector workers. Therefore, policy reform is needed through inclusive, adaptive, and data-driven measures, including data collection, administrative recognition, simplification of licensing, and strengthening of empowerment and job training programs. A comprehensive approach integrating legal, social, and economic aspects is expected to achieve substantive justice and improve public welfare sustainably.
Co-Authors Ardia Uga Mawarni Fahri Bachmid Muhammad Kamal Nur Rahmawaty Idrus Rama Nugraha Alvareza Syamsul Alam