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All Journal Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Journal Medical Informatics Technology
Faisal Akhmal Muslikh
Hang Tuah University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Dentistry Education Engineering Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Orthogonal Stimulus Response Method Optimization of Essential Oil Combinations from Magnolia alba, Cryptocarya massoia, and Melaleuca alternifolia for Antioxidant and Anti-Cutibacterium acnes Activities Prida Ayudianti; Mayu Rahmayanti; Novia Maulina; Faisal Akhmal Muslikh; Aufary Naurah Aluzia; Fatimah Azzahra; Burhan Ma’arif
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v14i1.20029

Abstract

This study aimed to optimize a combination of white champaca oil (Magnolia alba), massoia bark oil (Cryptocarya massoia), and tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) as antibacterial and antioxidant agents using the Orthogonal Stimulus Response Method (OSRM) with a Taguchi L4 (2³) design. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the well diffusion method against C. acnes, while antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The results demonstrated that all variations of the CMT oil combinations exhibited moderate antibacterial activity and strong antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 50 to 100 µg/mL. Based on the Taguchi analysis, the optimal combination for antibacterial activity was obtained at concentrations of 6% champaca oil, 0.4% massoia oil, and 5% tea tree oil. Meanwhile, the most optimal and stable antioxidant activity was achieved with the combination at concentrations of 75:100:100 ppm. In both assays, champaca oil was identified as the most influential factor affecting the observed biological responses. These findings indicate that the CMT oil combination has promising potential as a multifunctional therapeutic candidate for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, particularly as a topical nanoemulsion face mist for the management of acne while simultaneously preventing skin damage caused by free radicals.
Computational Pharmacology Approach to Identify Antidiarrheal Candidates from Eleusine indica L.: Molecular Docking Simulation and Drug-likeness Prediction Targeting 5ZHP Receptor Faisal Akhmal Muslikh; Rizki Rahmadi Pratama; Syahputra Wibowo; Yanu Andhiarto; Burhan Ma’arif; Maximus M. Taek
Journal Medical Informatics Technology Volume 4 No. 2, June 2026
Publisher : SAFE-Network

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37034/medinftech.v4i2.142

Abstract

Diarrhea remains a significant global health concern with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in developing countries. The use of synthetic antidiarrheal drugs is associated with various adverse effects, necessitating the exploration of safer therapeutic alternatives derived from natural sources. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of secondary metabolite compounds from Eleusine indica as antidiarrheal candidates through an in silico approach, employing drug-likeness analysis and molecular docking simulation against the muscarinic acetylcholine M3 receptor (PDB ID: 5ZHP). Drug-likeness analysis was performed using the SwissADME web tool based on Lipinski's Rule of Five. Molecular docking simulation was conducted using Molegro Virtual Docker, with the root mean square deviation (RMSD) value employed as a validation parameter. The results revealed that the majority of the compounds satisfied Lipinski's criteria, indicating their potential as oral drug candidates. Docking method validation yielded an RMSD value of 0.777437 Å, confirming the validity and reliability of the docking procedure. Docking results suggested that compound M15 (andrographolide) and compound M13 [4-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,6-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)phenol] exhibited the lowest Rerank Scores of −116.686 and −114.300, respectively, which were notably lower than that of the positive control loperamide (−41.9287), suggesting potentially stronger binding affinity and more favorable interaction with the target receptor. However, these findings are predictive in nature and require further validation through experimental biological studies and molecular dynamics simulations to confirm actual binding stability and pharmacological effectiveness.
Co-Authors Aufary Naurah Aluzia Burhan Ma’arif Fatimah Azzahra Maximus M. Taek Mayu Rahmayanti Novia Maulina Prida Ayudianti Rizki Rahmadi Pratama Syahputra Wibowo Yanu Andhiarto