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All Journal Berajah Journal
Ahiruddin
Universitas Islam Syekh-Yusuf Tangerang
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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PEMBUKTIAN UNSUR PERENCANAAN DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN BERENCANA REKONSTRUKSI TEORI DOLUS DAN TINDAK LANJUT IMPLEMENTASI KUHP BARU Ahiruddin; Siti Humulhaer; Anharyanto; Firmansyah Mahmud; Asri Cahyadi; Oke Wiredarme
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i1.152

Abstract

This study analyzes the problems of proving the element of premeditation (voorbedachte raad) in the crime of premeditated murder under Article 340 of the Indonesian Criminal Code and Article 459 of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the New Criminal Code. The analysis is conducted from the perspective of the theory of intent (dolus) and criminal evidence. The focus of the study lies in the complexity of proving the three requirements of premeditation: (1) the formation of intent in a calm and reflective state, (2) the availability of sufficient time for deliberation, and (3) the execution of the act in a composed state. The research also examines the implications of the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 on the formulation and interpretation of premeditated murder. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings indicate that proving the element of premeditation presents significant epistemological challenges due to its subjective and internal nature. As a result, judges often encounter difficulties in determining whether an adequate “period of reflection” existed prior to the commission of the crime. The New Criminal Code retains the fundamental structure of premeditated murder but removes the phrase “intentionally” in the formulation of Article 459, implying that the element of premeditation inherently encompasses intent. This study recommends the development of an expanded theory of dolus informed by criminal neuroscience, as well as the broader use of electronic evidence to demonstrate the existence of premeditation. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of clear evidentiary guidelines within the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court to reduce inconsistencies and disparities in judicial decisions.
KONSTRUKSI HUKUM PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP DARK PATTERN PADA APLIKASI FINTECH Wisnu Cahyo Apriliyadi; Hasnah Aziz; Muhammad Fajar Alfahimi; Aditya Putra Setyawan; Ahiruddin
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i3.539

Abstract

The development of financial technology (fintech) in Indonesia has significantly transformed the financial transaction landscape. However, behind the convenience offered, manipulative practices known as dark patterns have emerged in fintech application interfaces. These practices refer to user interface design elements deliberately exploited to manipulate users into making unintended decisions, such as subscribing to paid services, consenting to personal data usage, or conducting specific financial transactions. This study aims to construct a legal framework for consumer protection against dark patterns in fintech applications in Indonesia by analyzing existing legal provisions and identifying regulatory gaps. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach. The results indicate that Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, Law Number 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions as amended by Law Number 19 of 2016, and regulations of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) have not explicitly regulated dark patterns as a form of unfair trading practice. This study recommends the need to amend the Consumer Protection Law to accommodate specific regulation of dark patterns, strengthening the OJK's authority in overseeing fintech application interface design practices, and establishing binding ethical interface design codes for fintech providers.
Co-Authors Aditya Putra Setyawan Anharyanto Asri Cahyadi Firmansyah Mahmud Hasnah Aziz Muhammad Fajar Alfahimi Oke Wiredarme Siti Humulhaer Wisnu Cahyo Apriliyadi