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All Journal JURNAL HUKUM Indonesia Private Law Review
Bhanu Prakash Nunna
RV University
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Reconstruction of the Guilt Concept in the 2023 Indonesian Criminal Code from a Neurolaw Perspective Kartono Kartono; Sophan Y. Warnasouda; Sri Humana Lagustiani; Soeryaniati Koesoemo; Sri Hastuti; J. Aminullah Alwahdy; Ulang Mangun Sosiawan; Bhanu Prakash Nunna
Jurnal Hukum Vol 42, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v42i1.48576

Abstract

This study examines the reconstruction of the guilt concept in the 2023 Indonesian Criminal Code through a neurolaw perspective. Employing doctrinal legal research with an interdisciplinary approach, it analyzes Law Number 1/2023, neurolaw publications from international journals, and recent Supreme Court decisions (2023–2025) through thematic and conceptual analysis. The findings reveal three principal issues. First, Articles 17, 35, 38, and 39 contain progressive provisions but lack neuroscientific specificity, creating interpretive gaps: undefined “ability” (Article 17), unspecified “impairment” threshold (Article 35), and exclusive reliance on traditional psychiatric categories (Articles 38 and 39). Second, analysis of court decisions reveals significant interpretive disparity in cases involving mentally disordered defendants. Neuroscientific evidence demonstrates that prefrontal cortex impairments compromise moral decision-making and impulse control, supporting a spectrum-based understanding of guilt. Third, integrating neurolaw would provide objective criteria for assessing cognitive and volitional capacity across the graded framework of Articles 38 and 39. This study is the first to systematically integrate international neurolaw literature with doctrinal analysis of the 2023 Criminal Code, offering interpretative guidance for key articles and an implementation roadmap for Indonesian criminal justice aligned with the ultimum remedium principle.
CONFLICT RESOLUTION PATTERNS IN INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES OF INDONESIA: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE CUSTOMARY LAWS OF BADUY, KAJANG, AND ANAK DALAM IN JAMBI Rena Yulia; Chairul Huda; Muhamad Romdoni; Achmad Cholidin; Bhanu Prakash Nunna
Indonesia Private Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v6i2.4671

Abstract

This study examines the conflict resolution practices of Baduy, Kajang, and Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) Jambi communities, all of whom continue to apply customary law to address violations within their territories. Using a combination of normative and empirical methods with snowball data collection, the research identifies the traditional mechanisms through which these communities maintain social order. Baduy resolve disputes through Silih Hampura, carried out via the Ngabokoran process and guided by Pikukuh, an unwritten code defining customary violations and their resolutions. Kajang apply Pasang Ri Kajang, an oral system that uses oaths, crowbar-burning, or incense-burning rituals in conflict settlement. The SAD Jambi follow a customary framework consisting of four primary and four secondary principles and dua belas categories of violations. Conflict resolution in Kajang and SAD communities typically involves customary fines, while the Baduy impose banishment rather than imprisonment. Across the three groups, the central aim of customary dispute resolution is the restoration of cosmic religious balance, benefiting not only the parties involved but the community and the wider natural order.
Co-Authors Achmad Cholidin Chairul Huda, Chairul J. Aminullah Alwahdy Kartono Kartono Muhamad Romdoni Rena Yulia Soeryaniati Koesoemo Sophan Y. Warnasouda Sri Hastuti Sri Humana Lagustiani Ulang Mangun Sosiawan