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FOOD SECURITY APPROACH: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON DIVERSIFICATION, ACCESS, AND STABILITY IN AGRICULTURAL FOOD SUPPLY Era Purike; Entin Solihah
International Journal Of Humanities, Social Sciences And Business (INJOSS) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : ADISAM Publisher

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Food security is a crucial issue in ensuring sufficient, nutritious, and sustainable food availability for the community. This study systematically reviews the literature on food security approaches, focusing on three main dimensions: diversification, access, and stability in agricultural food supply. Through a systematic literature review, this study filters and analyses various reliable scientific sources to gain a comprehensive understanding of the roles and challenges of these three aspects in the context of food security. The results of the study show that food diversification contributes significantly to improving the sustainability of the food system and nutritional quality, while adequate food access and supply stability are key to ensuring food affordability and continuity for all levels of society. These findings emphasise the need for an integrated approach that combines production diversification, strengthening socio-economic access, and policies that support supply stability to effectively improve national and global food security. This study provides a strong scientific basis for the development of policy strategies and agricultural practices that are more adaptive and inclusive of environmental and socio-economic changes.

ELECTORAL SYSTEM AND POLITICAL STABILITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR PEOPLE'S WELFARE Era Purike
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIETY REVIEWS Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): MARCH
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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The electoral system plays a vital role in determining the quality of a country's political governance and stability, which in turn affects the welfare of the people. The choice of system, whether proportional, majoritarian, or mixed, has implications for political representation and the accountability of the elected government. An effective system encourages political stability by ensuring fair representation and a non-centralised distribution of power. Strong political stability allows the government to focus on sustainable development policies, create a healthy investment climate, and improve public services, all of which are important for the welfare of the community. However, stability must be in harmony with inclusiveness so as not to marginalise certain groups and maintain the essence of democracy. The balance between political stability and inclusiveness is the key to ensuring sustainable development and equitable welfare across all levels of society.

EVALUATION OF THE HEALTH OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES THROUGH THE ROLE OF RATING AGENCIES IN ENSURING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND STABILITY: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF FINANCIAL INDICATORS, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, AND PUBLIC TRANSPARENCY Era Purike
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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This study aims to evaluate the health of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) through the role of rating agencies in ensuring financial performance and stability by examining three main dimensions, namely financial indicators, corporate governance, and public transparency. The research method used is library research with a qualitative descriptive approach that focuses on conceptual analysis of various scientific sources, rating agency reports, and government regulations on SOE governance. The results of the study show that financial indicators serve as objective benchmarks in assessing operational efficiency and sustainability, while corporate governance plays a role in maintaining accountability and internal control. On the other hand, public transparency strengthens public and investor confidence in state financial management. Rating agencies play an important role as external supervisors that provide objective assessments of SOE health and encourage the creation of a corporate culture that is transparent, professional, and performance-oriented. The synergy between strengthening financial indicators, implementing good governance, and public information disclosure under the supervision of independent rating agencies has proven to be the main foundation for the sustainability and competitiveness of SOEs at the national and global levels.

GREEN ECONOMY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Loso Judijanto; Era Purike
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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Green economy is a development concept that integrates economic and environmental aspects to achieve sustainable development. Although it offers important solutions, the implementation of green economy faces various challenges, both in terms of systemic, institutional, and community participation. This paper aims to review the literature related to the challenges and opportunities of implementing a green economy in the context of environmental sustainability. The results show that the main challenges in implementing a green economy include structural constraints in the economic system, institutional weaknesses, and lack of public participation and awareness. On the other hand, the green economy also offers various opportunities, such as the potential for new job creation, encouragement of technological innovation, broader economic benefits, and opportunities for international collaboration. Optimally utilising these opportunities can be an effective solution to address the challenges of sustainable development. The successful implementation of a green economy will be largely determined by the ability of stakeholders to overcome existing challenges and strategically capitalise on available opportunities. Strong integration of economic, social and environmental aspects is key to realising truly sustainable development.

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUMENTERPRISES (MSMES) DURING THE PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES Era Purike; Iyad Abdallah Al- Shreifeen; Mohammad Taqiuddin Mohamad
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): MARCH
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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Digital transformation of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) during the pandemic has become a vital step to ensure business survival and growth. The COVID- 19 pandemic has accelerated the need for digital technology adoption due to physical restrictions that reduce face-to-face interactions. While this offers various opportunities such as market expansion and improved operational efficiency, MSMEs also face various challenges, including financial limitations, low digital literacy, and uneven internet infrastructure and connectivity. To overcome these challenges, a comprehensive strategy is needed, including improved digital literacy, utilisation of digital platforms, and collaboration with external parties. Digital transformation is not only a short-term solution during the pandemic, but also a long-term strategy to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs in facing the industrial era 4.0. With the right support from the government and other stakeholders, MSMEs can continue to grow and contribute significantly to the economy.

THE AUTHORITY OF THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL IN MAINTAINING INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS OF ARTICLES 24-25 OF THE UN CHARTER, MEMBER STATES' COMPLIANCE OBLIGATIONS, AND THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF RESOLUTIONS ON GLOBAL THREATS AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW Era Purike
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 2 No. 10 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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This study analyses the binding authority of the UN Security Council in maintaining international peace and security through a systematic literature review of Articles 24–25 of the UN Charter, the obligations of member states, and the legal implications of resolutions on global threats. The findings confirm that Chapter VII resolutions are legally binding under Article 25, requiring states to implement sanctions, adjust national laws, and cooperate in dealing with terrorism (Resolution 1373), nuclear proliferation (Resolution 1718/2397), and the establishment of ad hoc tribunals. Although effective in the evolution of jus cogens norms, the challenges of veto politicisation and compliance gaps undermine the legitimacy of international law enforcement

GREEN ECONOMY INTEGRATION IN CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION IN INDONESIA Era Purike
INJOSEDU: International Journal of Social and Education Vol. 2 No. 12 (2026): International Journal of Social and Education (INJOSEDU)
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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This article examines green economy integration as Indonesia's main strategy in climate change mitigation and environmental preservation through a comprehensive literature review approach. Two main discussions cover (1) the implementation of the Low Carbon Development Initiative (LCDI), Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC) 2025, and the 23% renewable energy target in the 2025-2029 RPJMN for GHG emission reduction, and (2) the synergy of the circular economy, biodiversity conservation, and community-based practices in agro-industrial waste management, green tourism, and ecosystem restoration. The research results confirm the effectiveness of the green economy in creating 1.8 million green jobs, forestry net sinks, and green Special Economic Zones (KEK) that balance 6.5% economic growth with environmental preservation. However, challenges such as fossil fuel dependency and cross-sectoral coordination require evidence-based recommendations in the form of green sukuk incentives, multi-stakeholder collaboration, and technological innovation to achieve net-zero emissions faster than the 2060 target.

A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL AND TRADITIONAL LEARNING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Era Purike; Aslan Aslan
Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
Publisher : CV. ADIBA AISHA AMIRA

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This research examines the comparative effectiveness of digital and traditional learning in developing countries with the aim of understanding the advantages and challenges of each method in this context. Digital learning offers flexibility and broad access to resources, allowing students to learn at their own pace and cultivate technological skills. However, constraints such as limited technological infrastructure and lack of training for teachers often act as barriers. Meanwhile, traditional learning remains the top choice as face-to-face interaction supports stronger emotional connections and allows for direct customisation to student needs, although it is limited in its appeal and static information. Therefore, many developing countries have started to adopt a hybrid approach that combines the advantages of both methods. The results show that improving the overall quality of education requires investment in digital infrastructure, training for educators, and collaborative support from the government, educational institutions and communities.

COMPARISON OF DATA PROTECTION POLICIES IN EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES: DIFFERENT LEGAL APPROACHES Era Purike; Loso Judijanto
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 2 No. 12 (2025): Jurnal Komunikasi
Publisher : ADISAM PUBLISHER

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This comparative analysis reveals fundamental differences between data protection policies in Europe and the United States, which stem from different legal approaches. In Europe, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides a strict and centralised framework for protecting individual privacy rights, with an emphasis on individual control over their personal data. In contrast, the United States takes a more fragmented approach, with regulations varying across sectors and states, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). The US approach is more oriented towards trade and data security aspects than individual privacy rights. This difference reflects varying policy priorities, with Europe focusing more on privacy protection and the US emphasising economic and innovation aspects. Going forward, global challenges require cross-border cooperation and policy adaptation to balance the need for data protection, business and technological development

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