GROUP DYNAMICS IN VIRTUAL TEAMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF COLLABORATION, CONFLICT, AND INNOVATION

Yohanes Wibisono
Shafira Widya Ramadhanti
Dina Maria Ulfa
Sopiah

Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue

The shifting landscape of work due to digitalization has made virtual teams a primary organizational structure in global enterprises. However, group dynamics within such teams remain a challenge, particularly in terms of collaboration, conflict, and innovation. This study aims to examine the interrelationship among these three variables through a systematic review of 43 peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in Scopus over the past five years. Utilizing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach based on the PRISMA protocol, the data were analyzed descriptively, thematically, and conceptually. The findings indicate that effective collaboration is influenced by work structure, trust, and leadership, while conflict plays a dual role as both an obstacle and a trigger for innovation. This review proposes a conceptual model titled the "Virtual Team Dynamics Triad," mapping the relationship between collaboration, conflict, and innovation, with trust, leadership, and digital competence serving as moderating factors. Theoretically, this study enriches dynamic models of virtual team functioning, and practically, it offers recommendations for work design, training, and organizational policy. Future research is encouraged to test this model in cross-cultural settings and through multilevel approaches.