General Multidisciplinary Research Journal
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026)

The Effect of Hadang-Gobak Sodor Training on Self-Confidence Among School-Age Athletes

Yudi Dwi Saputra (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Andun Sudijandoko (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Made Pramono (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Awang Firmansyah (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Panji Bana (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2026

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of Hadang-Gobak Sodor training on self-confidence among school-age athletes. Research investigating Hadang-Gobak Sodor as a culturally based training approach to enhance self-confidence in school-age athletes remains limited. Methods: This study employed a quantitative quasi-experimental method using a pretest-posttest control group design. The design was used to compare changes in self-confidence between an experimental group that received Hadang-Gobak Sodor training and a control group that participated in regular training. Data were analyzed using tests of normality, homogeneity, and inferential statistical analyses to evaluate changes within and between groups. Results: The findings showed that both groups had comparable levels of self-confidence before the intervention. Following the training, the experimental group demonstrated a greater improvement in self-confidence than the control group. Statistical analysis confirmed that the increase in self-confidence among participants who received Hadang-Gobak Sodor training was significant. Conclusion and Suggestion: The findings indicate that Hadang-Gobak Sodor can serve as a culturally based training alternative to support the psychological development of school-age athletes, particularly in enhancing self-confidence. Future studies are recommended to investigate its long-term effects and examine its effectiveness across different age groups, sports disciplines, and cultural settings.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

money

Publisher

Subject

Religion Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Public Health

Description

General Multidisciplinary Research Journal: is published by Global Sustainability Research Institute to help academics, researchers, and practitioners to disseminate their research results. Business is a blind peer-reviewed journal dedicated to publishing quality research results in the fields of ...