Indonesian Nursing Journal
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): July 2026

The effect of AI-assisted nursing care on digital health literacy, symptom management, and continuity of care among pulmonary outpatients: A quasi-experimental study at Bhayangkara Surabaya Hospital

Heri Nur Cahyanto (Universitas STRADA Indonesia)
Agustin Agustin (Universitas Strada Indonesia)
Novita Ana Anggraini (Universitas Strada Indonesia)
Prima Dewi K (Universitas Strada Indonesia)
Atik Setiawan W (Universitas Strada Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
23 Jul 2026

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary outpatients often experience recurrent respiratory symptoms requiring continuous support. Limited consultation time, increasing digital health use, and the need for symptom monitoring highlight the importance of AI-assisted nursing care in outpatient pulmonary services. Purpose: This study analyzed the effect of AI-assisted nursing care on digital health literacy, symptom management, and continuity of care among pulmonary outpatients at Bhayangkara Surabaya Hospital. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a two-group pretest-posttest design involved 70 pulmonary outpatients (35 intervention, 35 control). The intervention group received AI-assisted nursing care; the control group received standard care. Data were collected using the Digital Health Literacy Instrument, a symptom management questionnaire, and the Nijmegen Continuity Questionnaire. Analysis used paired t-test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney U Test. Results: The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group. Digital health literacy was significantly higher (t = 9.11, p < 0.001), symptom management improved significantly (Z = −7.84, p < 0.001), and continuity of care differed significantly between groups (t = 8.99, p < 0.001). Change scores were substantially greater in the intervention group, particularly for continuity of care (18.95 vs. 2.26), with small effect sizes across all outcomes. Conclusion: AI-assisted nursing care can strengthen digital nursing support for pulmonary outpatients. Integrating structured digital education, chatbot interaction, symptom tracking, reminders, and nurse monitoring improves digital health literacy, symptom management, and continuity of care in outpatient pulmonary services.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

inj

Publisher

Subject

Nursing

Description

INJ (Indonesian Nursing Journal) is an open access scientific journal with frequency of publication is two issues per year (January and July), INJ published theoretical and empirical peer-reviewed articles, which contribute to advance the understanding of phenomena related to all aspects of nursing ...