Skyhawk: Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): SKYHAWK: Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia

Development and Internal Validation of a Risk-Based Safe-Manning Framework for Wing-in-Ground Craft

Dedy Kurniawan (Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati)
Andi Fiardi (Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati)
Baihaqi (Politeknik Pelayaran Malahayati)
Antoni Arif Priadi (Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut, Kementerian Perhubungan)



Article Info

Publish Date
17 Sep 2026

Abstract

Purpose. This study developed and computationally verified a function-based method for determining core operational crew for wing-in-ground (WIG) craft.  Methods. A frozen 37-source corpus was mapped to six safety-critical functions, six mission phases, a competence matrix, and phase loads. Bounded integer compositions were tested using an exact scalar max-flow/min-cut model, 20% reserve, utilization caps, role-removal screening, and 10,000-trial simulation. Robustness analyses varied reserve and utilization, demand distributions, supporting competence coefficients (±20%), ten random seeds, and every present-role removal. Results. Baseline complements were three, four, five, and six crew for restricted Type A, coastal Type A passenger, demanding Type B, and remote Type C scenarios. In the primary triangular run, S1-S3 had no failures (Wilson 95% lower bound 99.962%); S4 had one (99.99%; 95% CI 99.943-99.998). The crew sequence persisted in 45/48 reserve-utilization cells and all coefficient perturbations. Across ten seeds, triangular feasibility was 100% for S1-S3 and 99.98%-100% for S4. Under lognormal-tail stress, ranges were 100%, 99.95%-100%, 99.68%-99.84%, and 96.94%-97.25% for S1-S4. No present-role removal was more favorable than the designated comparators. Conclusions. Concurrent transition/emergency workload, qualified takeover, fault management, and prolonged-survival capability should drive WIG manning. The 3-6-person outputs are internally consistent engineering baselines, not empirically validated or statutory minima; Type B/C tail sensitivity requires external validation.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

skyhawk

Publisher

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other

Description

This journal publishes articles containing aspects of the application of sports sciences and / or the results of community service carried out by actors and activists in the world of education in general, academics, industry, and community ...