<![CDATA[The increase in acts of violence against school-age children is very concerning, especially for educators and parents. Data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) study noted that Indonesia is the fifth highest country whose students experience bullying. Based on research on PAI teaching materials used in elementary schools and the results of observations during the PAI learning process in schools, it seems that teachers still do not mention the problem of bullying and its consequences to students. This research is based on the increasing phenomenon of bullying in schools. The purpose of this study is to produce peace-based PAI teaching material products to anticipate bullying in schools. To achieve this goal, this research follows the steps of 4D development research (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). To test the effectiveness of textbooks, we used a one-way ANOVA test on 120 third-grade students at SD Plus Nurul Hikmah Pamekasan. The results of the ANOVA test show that there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test in the use of teaching materials with the STAD method and independent learning. This is evidenced by the value of ρ < 0.05, so it can be said that H0 is rejected. These findings show that the use of peace-based PAI teaching materials is effective in anticipating bullying in elementary schools.]]>
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