<![CDATA[The implementation of Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meal Program (Makan Bergizi Gratis/MBG) in madrasahs introduces increased sanitation demands related to food safety, water consumption, waste generation, and hygiene supervision. However, little is known about how madrasahs govern these sanitation challenges within faith-based educational settings. This qualitative single-case study investigates the operationalization of adaptive sanitation governance in an Islamic primary school to support the MBG program. Guided by adaptive governance theory and policy implementation perspectives, data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants (including school leaders, teachers, and program staff), non-participant observations, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal three interconnected adaptive domains: (1) structural adjustment through infrastructure optimization and water supply reinforcement; (2) procedural regulation via strengthened supervision and sanitation routines; and (3) cultural reinforcement through the internalization of clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) grounded in religious values. Despite proactive governance measures, sustainability is constrained by limited financial allocation, inadequate toilet-to-student ratios, spatial restrictions in an urban setting, and peak-time congestion during meal sessions. This study contributes to the literature by conceptualizing sanitation governance not merely as infrastructural provision but as a value-embedded adaptive organizational process integrating leadership, institutional coordination, and behavioral regulation in faith-based schools implementing nutrition policy. The findings offer policy-relevant insights for aligning school feeding programs with sustainable sanitation systems in resource-constrained educational environments.]]>
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