Journal of English Language and Education
Vol 11, No 5 (2026)

Imaginative versus Non-Imaginative Texts for Lower-Secondary EFL Reading Comprehension: A Quasi-Experiment

Ilham Sahabuddin (Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare)
Wahyuddin Wahyuddin (Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare)
Siti Hajar Larekeng (Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare)
Hasman Hasman (Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare)
Sudarmanto Sudarmanto (Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare)



Article Info

Publish Date
22 Oct 2026

Abstract

Reading comprehension remains challenging for many lower-secondary EFL learners, creating a need for texts that support active meaning construction. This study asked whether, under a shared four-meeting reading sequence, a Grade 8 class using imaginative texts would achieve higher posttest reading-comprehension scores than a class using non-imaginative texts. Imaginative texts were operationalized as story-based texts intended to evoke mental imagery and engagement with represented events and situations; the comparison texts were not categorized as imaginative. A nonequivalent pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design involved 42 students, with 21 students in each intact class. Both groups received topic activation, individual reading, vocabulary clarification, comprehension questions, and retelling. Pretest scores were low (experimental M = 40.38, SD = 5.62; control M = 40.95, SD = 12.77), and no statistically detectable between-group difference was found, t(40) = -0.18, p = .858; this result does not establish equivalence. At posttest, the experimental group (M = 75.29, SD = 12.93) outperformed the control group (M = 56.57, SD = 12.83) on raw posttest scores, t(40) = 4.49, p .001, Cohen's d = 1.39. Fifteen experimental students (71.43%) versus three control students (14.29%) reached the good or very good categories. The findings suggest a context-specific advantage for imaginative texts within structured EFL reading instruction, while the intact-class design, brief intervention, repeated test form, and incomplete psychometric documentation limit causal and generalizable claims.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jele

Publisher

Subject

Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other

Description

Journal of English Language and Education (pISSN: 2597-6850 and eISSN: 2502-4132) is a journal that focuses on researching or documenting issues in education, language education, applied linguistics, English education, English language teaching, English Literature, language assessment and ...