Novatio : Journal of Management Technology and Innovation
Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): July 2026

Supervisor Safety Leadership and Safety Voice as Multilevel Predictors of Near-Miss Reporting among Employees at PT Petrokimia Gresik

Abdul Rahim Zumrah (Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia)
Zohaib Hassan Sain (The Occupational Safety and Health Association)
S. Makesh (SRM Institute of Science and Technology)
Azlyn Ahmad Zawawi (Universitas Teknologi MARA)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jul 2026

Abstract

Near-miss reporting provides information about emerging hazards, yet employees’ reporting behavior may depend on both their willingness to speak and the supervisory context shared by their work team. This study examined individual safety voice, team-level supervisor safety leadership, and their cross-level interaction among production-related employees at PT Petrokimia Gresik, East Java. The supplied study documentation describes a cross-sectional Google Forms survey conducted within January–May 2026 using multistage purposive sampling and electronic informed consent. Analyses included 300 employees nested within 30 teams of 10. Eight leadership items were aggregated after examining within-team agreement and intraclass correlations; safety voice and reporting behavior were measured with six items each. Maximum-likelihood hierarchical linear models separated within-team and between-team variation. The null-model intraclass correlation was .240. In the full random-slope model, safety voice was positively associated with reporting behavior (b = 0.484, SE = 0.043), as was team leadership (b = 0.290, SE = 0.087). The cross-level interaction was positive (b = 0.129, SE = 0.041, p = .002); voice slopes were 0.349 and 0.619 at leadership one standard deviation below and above the team mean. Residual and intercept variances decreased by 35.4% and 29.3% relative to the null model. A simpler fixed-slope interaction model had lower information criteria and similar estimates. Findings support considering supervisor responsiveness alongside employee communication initiatives, while remaining limited by self-report measurement, cross-sectional design, and 30 purposively sampled teams.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

novatio

Publisher

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

Description

Novatio : Journal of Management Technology and Innovation with ISSN Number 3030-8674 (Online) published by Indonesian Scientific Publication, The journal is dedicated to publishing original research papers, conceptual articles, and high-quality case studies focused on technology management and ...