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All Journal Novatio : Journal of Management Technology and Innovation
S. Makesh
SRM Institute of Science and Technology
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

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Supervisor Safety Leadership and Safety Voice as Multilevel Predictors of Near-Miss Reporting among Employees at PT Petrokimia Gresik Abdul Rahim Zumrah; Zohaib Hassan Sain; S. Makesh; Azlyn Ahmad Zawawi
Novatio : Journal of Management Technology and Innovation Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : PT Penerbit Ilmiah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61978/novatio.v4i3.1981

Abstract

Near-miss reporting provides information about emerging hazards, yet employees’ reporting behavior may depend on both their willingness to speak and the supervisory context shared by their work team. This study examined individual safety voice, team-level supervisor safety leadership, and their cross-level interaction among production-related employees at PT Petrokimia Gresik, East Java. The supplied study documentation describes a cross-sectional Google Forms survey conducted within January–May 2026 using multistage purposive sampling and electronic informed consent. Analyses included 300 employees nested within 30 teams of 10. Eight leadership items were aggregated after examining within-team agreement and intraclass correlations; safety voice and reporting behavior were measured with six items each. Maximum-likelihood hierarchical linear models separated within-team and between-team variation. The null-model intraclass correlation was .240. In the full random-slope model, safety voice was positively associated with reporting behavior (b = 0.484, SE = 0.043), as was team leadership (b = 0.290, SE = 0.087). The cross-level interaction was positive (b = 0.129, SE = 0.041, p = .002); voice slopes were 0.349 and 0.619 at leadership one standard deviation below and above the team mean. Residual and intercept variances decreased by 35.4% and 29.3% relative to the null model. A simpler fixed-slope interaction model had lower information criteria and similar estimates. Findings support considering supervisor responsiveness alongside employee communication initiatives, while remaining limited by self-report measurement, cross-sectional design, and 30 purposively sampled teams.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahim Zumrah Azlyn Ahmad Zawawi Zohaib Hassan Sain