Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Kluwih (Artocarpus camansi) Leaves on Total Cholesterol in Rats Given a High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin

Syafika Alaydrus (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Pelita Mas Palu)
Niluh Puspita Dewi (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Pelita Mas Palu)
Leonov Rianto (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan IKIFA)
Charles Charles (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan IKIFA)
Yanthy Susanti (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan IKIFA)
Indah Kurnia Utami (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Pelita Mas Palu)
Fina Mei Liya (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Pelita Mas Palu)
Faikah Dyah Utami (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Pelita Mas Palu)
Matra Novalia Palipadang (Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Pelita Mas Palu)

Indonesian Journal of Jamu
Vol. 11 No. 6 (2026): November–December 2026

Leaves of Artocarpus camansi (kluwih) are used in Indonesian folk medicine, but their effect on blood lipids, which are often disturbed in type 2 diabetes, is untested in vivo. This study evaluated an ethanol extract of A. camansi leaves in rats given a high-fat diet followed by low-dose streptozotocin. Thirty male rats formed six groups (n = 5): normal, vehicle, simvastatin, and extract at 300, 350 or 400 mg/kg daily for 14 days. Total cholesterol, measured on days 0, 14, 21, 28 and 35, rose from 43–48 to 127–141 mg/dL after induction. The extract then lowered it by a mean of 57.2%, 48.0% and 43.5% at the three doses, against 64.9% for simvastatin, while vehicle rats kept rising (group × time interaction, p < 0.001). At 300 mg/kg, final total cholesterol (53.4 ± 5.1 mg/dL) did not differ from the normal or simvastatin groups. Its active constituents remain unquantified.