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Pengaruh pola asuh orangtua terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak sebelum menjalani perawatan penambalan gigi Di RSGM Unsrat Sagrang, Patricia S.; Wowor, Vonny N.S.; Mintjelungan, Christy N.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.14770

Abstract: One problem of a child behavior that often occurs when they undergo dental treatment is anxiety. There are many factors that can cause anxiety in children, inter alia the style of parenting applied to their children. There are three kinds of parenting, as follows: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive. This study was aimed to analyze the influence the parenting style upon the child anxiety before dental filling treatment at RSGM Unsrat (dental clinic). This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. There were 31 respondents obtained by using purposive sampling method. Data were collected from parenting questionnaires and CFSS-DS (Children Dental Fear Survey Schedule-subscale) and were analyzed by using the Fisher test. The results showed the percentages of parenting, as follows: authoritative parenting 46.87%, authoritarian parenting 34.37%, and permissive parenting 18.76%. Child anxiety levels before dental filling treatment were low-level anxiety 65.62% and moderate-level anxiety 34.38%; high-level anxiety was not found. The Fischer test analyzing the effect of parenting style on anxiety showed a p-value of 0.01. Conclusion: There was a significant effect of parenting style on the child anxiety level before dental filling treatment at RSGM Unsrat.Keywords: parenting styles, anxietyÂ Abstrak: Salah satu sumber masalah pada perilaku yang sering terjadi saat anak menjalani perawatan gigi dan mulut yakni kecemasan. Terdapat banyak faktor yang dapat memengaruhi rasa cemas pada anak, salah satunya ialah gaya pola asuh yang diterapkan orang tua kepada anaknya. Pola asuh terdiri dari 3 macam, yaitu otoriter, demokratis, dan permisif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pola asuh orang tua terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien anak sebelum menjalani perawatan penambalan gigi di RSGM Unsrat. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 responden diperoleh dengan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner pola asuh orangtua dan kuesioner CFSS-DS (Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale) dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Fisher. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan pola asuh demokratis sebesar 46,87%, pola asuh otoriter 34,37 %, dan pola asuh permisif 18,76%. Tingkat kecemasan anak sebelum menjalani perawatan penambalan gigi di RSGM Unsrat ialah: tingkat kecemasan rendah 65,62%, tingkat kecemasan sedang 34,38% tidak dijumpai tingkat kecemasan tinggi tidak ada. Analisis data dengan uji Fisher mendapatkan nilai p=0,01. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh pola asuh orangtua terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak sebelum menjalani perawatan penambalan gigi di RSGM Unsrat.Kata kunci: pola asuh, tingkat kecemasan

Gambaran konsumsi makanan kariogenik pada anak SD GMIM 1 Kawangkoan Mendur, Sheren Ch. M.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H.C.; Mintjelungan, Christy
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15548

Abstract: Dental caries or tooth decay is commonly found in the society. It is caused by demineralization of enamel and dentin. Children usually have a habit of eating cariogenic foods that can cause cavities in their teeth. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of cariogenic foods consumed by the elementary school students of GMIM 1 Kawangkoan. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design conducted at SD GMIM 1 Kawangkoan, Minahasa. Samples were elementary school students of GMIM 1 Kawangkoan aged 6-11 years obtained by using total sampling method. Primary data were about cariogenic food consumption obtained by using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The results showed that there were six kinds of cariogenic foods consumed by the students, as follows: candy, chocolate wafer, chocolate bar, chocolate bread, donate cake, and pudding. According to the kategory of consumption frequency, candy belonged to very often (46.92%); chocolate bar, often (24.93%); chocolate bread, sometimes (20.37%); and pudding, nearly never (33.32%). Conclusion: The most common cariogenic food consumed by the students was candy which belonged to the very often category.Keywords: consumption of cariogenic food, childrenÂ Abstrak: Gigi berlubang (karies gigi) merupakan masalah yang sering ditemukan di masyarakat. Karies gigi merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh demineralisasi email dan dentin. Anak-anak memiliki kebiasaan mengonsumsi makanan kariogenik yang dapat menyebabkan gigi berlubang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konsumsi makanan karogenik pada anak SD GMIM 1 Kawangkoan. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SD GMIM 1 Kawangkoan Kecamatan Kawangkoan Kabupaten Minahasa. Sampel penelitian yaitu siswa SD GMIM 1 Kawangkoan berusia 6-11 tahun, diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. Pengambilan data primer untuk melihat konsumsi makanan kariogenik melalui pengisian kuesioner menggunakan food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan enam jenis makanan kariogenik yang dikonsumsi, yaitu: permen, wafer coklat, coklat batang, roti coklat, donat dan puding. Berdasarkan kategori frkuensi konsumsi, permen tergolong sangat sering (46,92%); coklat batang, sering (24,93%); roti coklat, kadang-kadang (20,37%); puding, hampir tidak pernah (33,32%). Simpulan: Konsumsi makanan kariogenik paling tinggi yaitu permen yang tergolong dalam kategori sangat sering.Kata kunci: konsumsi makanan kariogenik, anak-anak

Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan cara menyikat gigi dengan teknik kombinasi pada anak kidal dan non-kidal Lumempouw, Novany; Mintjelungan, Christy N.; Zuliari, Kustina
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15525

Abstract: During the developmental stage, children begin to do a variety of activities including tooth brushing. Generally, children use their right hands dominantly to do their activities (right-handed), however, there are also children who use their left hands (left-handed) dominantly. This study was aimed to assess the oral hygiene status based on tooth brushing with a combination technique among left-handed and right-handed children. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Population study consisted of left-handed and right-handed children at Kalawat, North Minahasa, North Sulawesi province. Respondents were 60 children consisted of 30 left-handed children and 30 right-handed children obtained by using the purposive sampling method. Data were obtained by using checking form of oral hygiene status. The results showed that oral hygiene status of most left-handed and right-handed children was in good category. The average of OHI-S score of the left-handed children before tooth brushing was 0.7 and after tooth brushing was 0.3, whereas, of the right-handed children, the average of OHI-S score before tooth brushing was 0.6 and after tooth brushing was 0.2. Conclusion: Oral hygiene status of right-handed children who brushed their teeth with a combination technique was better than of the left-handed children. Keywords: oral hygiene status, left-handed children, right-handed children, tooth brushing, combination techniqueAbstrak: Seiring berjalannya tahap perkembangan, anak-anak mulai melakukan aktivitas termasuk menyikat gigi. Umumnya anak dominan melakukan aktivitas menggunakan tangan kanan (non-kidal) tetapi ada juga yang dominan melakukan aktivitas menggunakan tangan kiri (kidal). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut nerdasrkan cara menyikat gigi dengan teknik kombinasi pada anak kidal dan non-kidal. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ialah anak kidal dan non-kidal di Kecamatan Kalawat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jumlah responden sebanyak 60 orang anak terdiri dari 30 anak kidal dan 30 anak non-kidal diambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan formulir pemeriksaan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak kidal dan anak non-kidal sebagian besar memiliki kategori baik. Rerata skor OHI-S anak kidal sebelum menyikat gigi yaitu 0,7 dan sesudah menyikat gigi 0,3 sedangkan pada anak non-kidal rerata skor OHI-S sebelum menyikat gigi 0,6 dan sesudah menyikat gigi 0,2. Simpulan: Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan cara menyikat gigi menggunakan teknik kombinasi pada anak non-kidal lebih baik dibandingkan pada anak kidal.Kata kunci: status kebersihan gigi dan mulut, anak kidal, anak non-kidal, menyikat gigi teknik kombinasi.

Uji daya hambat ekstrak daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans secara in vitro Simatupang, Olivia C.; Abidjulu, Jemmy; Siagian, Krista V.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.14701

Abstract: Candida albicans is a normal flora of the mouth, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and the female genital but it becomes pathogen if there is a predisposing factor. Approximately 85-95% of oral candida infections are caused by C. albicans that is usually attached to the labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, the dorsal parts of the tongue and palate. Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is already known as a medical plant; one of it parts that has a medicinal effect is the leaf that contains anthraquinon as an antifungal. This study was aimed to determine the effect of noni leaf extract to the growth of C. albicans. This was a true experimental in vitro study with the post test only group design. The Kirby-Bauer method with filter paper was used to evaluate the sensitivity of C. albicans to mengkudu leaf extract. Leaves samples were extracted by using maceration process with ethanol 96%. C. albicans obtained from the pure stock of Laboratory of Microbiology Pharmacy Faculty of Math and Science, University of Sam Ratulangi. The results showed that the inhibition zone diameter of noni leaf extract on the growth of C. albicans was 16 mm (strong inhibition category). Conclusion: Noni leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) had an inhibitory effect on Candida albicans.Keywords: Mengkudu leaf (Morinda citrifolia L.), Candida albicans, inhibition zoneÂ Abstrak: Candida albicans merupakan anggota flora normal rongga mulut, saluran pernafasan, saluran pencernaan, dan genital wanita namun dapat menjadi patogen jika terdapat faktor predisposisi. Sekitar 85-95% infeksi kandidiasis oral disebabkan oleh C albicans yang biasanya melekat pada mukosa labial, mukosa bukal, dorsum lidah dan palatum. Tanaman mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) telah dikenal sebagai tumbuhan obat. Salah satu bagian tanaman mengkudu yang memiliki efek obat ialah daunnya karena adanya kandungan antrakuinon yang bersifat antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak daun mengkudu terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental laboratorik secara in vitro dengan post test only group design. Pengujian menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer berbahan kertas saring. Sampel daun diekstraksi dengan proses maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Jamur C. albicans diambil dari stok biakan jamur murni Laboratorium Farmasi FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan diameter zona hambat ekstrak daun mengkudu terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans 16 mm yang tergolong kriteria zona hambat kuat. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) mempunyai daya hambat terhadap jamur Candida albicans.Kata kunci: daun mengkudu, Candida albicans, zona hambat

Uji daya hambat ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M.) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro Wenda, Yaromis; Wowor, Pemsi M.; Leman, Michael A.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15416

Abstract: Currently, oral health requires comprehensive handling by dentists and other health professionals. Osteomyelitis is an infection that occurs in bone tissue and bone marrow of the jaw and/or cortical bones, predominantly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Medicinal plants in Indonesia have been widely used as traditional medicine inter alia stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M.). This stevia plant has components that are typical natural sweetener and stevioside which has the characteristics as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal, and other active substances including tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenol. This was an experimental laboratory study with the post test only group design. Subjects were Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that stevia leaf extract had inhibition zone to Staphylococcus aureus growth of 10.32 mm which was categorized as strong according to Davis and Stout 1971. Conclusion: Stevia leaf extract (Stevia rebaudiana Berrtoni M.) had strong inhibition to Staphylococcus aureus.Keywords: osteomyelitis, stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M.), Staphylococcus aureusAbstrak: Dewasa ini kesehatan gigi dan mulut memerlukan penanganan secara komperhensif oleh dokter gigi maupun tenaga kesehatan lainnya. Salah satu penyakit yang sering dijumpai yaitu osteomielitis pada jaringan tulang dan sum-sum tulang rahang dan/atau korteks tulang dengan penyebab utama ialah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Tanaman herbal di Indonesia telah banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional; salah satunya ialah tanaman stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M.). Tanaman stevia memiliki komponen yang bersifat pemanis alami, stevioside yang berefek antibakteri, antivirus, antiinflamasi, antifungsi, dan antimikroba, serta zat aktif di antaranya ialah tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid, dan fenol. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental laboratorik dengan post test only group design. Subyek penelitian ialah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M.) mempunyai rerata zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus sebesar 10,32 mm yang tergolong kuat menurut Davis dan Stout 1971. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Berrtoni M.) memiliki daya hambat yang kuat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.Kata kunci: osteomielitis, stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M.), Staphylococcus aureus

Uji kekuatan transversal resin akrilik polimerisasi panas yang direndam dalam larutan cuka aren Sormin, Learny T.M.; Rumampuk, Jimmy F.; Wowor, Vonny N.S.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.14771

Abstract: Acrylic resin is a material used for denture base frequently used in field dentistry. One characteristic of an acrylic resin is its strength against pressure. Strength is needed in a denture withstand the force from chewing received by the denture. The strength of a denture base material can be affected by the userâ€™s habit of eating acidic food and beverages. Palm vinegar is an acidic kitchen ingredient obtained from the fermentation of palm sap and is usually used in North Sulawesiâ€™s snack called gohu which is widely consumed by the population. This study was aimed to determine the transverse strength of an acrylic resin plate after being soaked in a palm vinegar solution. This was a laboratory study with a post-test control group design. There were 24 samples distributed in one control group and three treament groups. The samples were immersed for 5 and 10 days in the palm vinegar solution. The transverse test used a Universal Testing Machine. The results showed that after 5 days, the average transverse strength of acrylic resin plate was 94 N/mm2 in the less acidic palm vinegar solution; 88.3 N/mm2 in the acidic solution; and 80 N/mm2 in the highly acidic solution. After 10 days the average transverse of acrylic resin plate was 89.3 N/mm2 in the less acidic palm vinegar solution; 87.7 N/mm2 in the acidic solution, 46,3 N/mm2 in the high acidic solution. Conclusions: The higher the concentration levels of palm vinegar in the solution, the lower the transverse strength of acrylic resin.Keywords: acrylic resin, palm vinegar solution, transverse strength Â Abstrak: Resin akrilik merupakan bahan basis gigi tiruan yang sudah sering dipakai di bidang kedokteran gigi. Salah satu sifat resin akrilik ialah kuat terhadap tekanan. Kekuatan basis dibutuhkan antara lain untuk menahan kekuatan daya kunyah yang diterima oleh gigi tiruan. Kekuatan bahan basis gigi tiruan dapat dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan pengguna gigi tiruan dalam mengonsumsi makanan dan minuman bersifat asam. Cuka aren ialah salah satu bahan dapur yang bersifat asam yang didapat dari hasil fermentasi nira aren dan biasanya dipakai dalam jajanan tradisional khas Sulawesi Utara yakni gohu. Jajanan tersebut banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan transversal plat resin akrilik setelah direndam dalam larutan cuka aren. Jenis penelitian ialah laboratorik dengan post-test control group design. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 24 buah plat resin akrilik yang didistribusikan dalam 1 kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok perlakuan. Perendaman plat tersebut dilakukan selama 5 dan 10 hari. Uji kekuatan transversal dilakukan menggunakan alat Universal Testing Machine. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan setelah 5 hari perendaman dalam larutan cuka aren kurang asam rerata kekuatan transversal plat resin akrilik sebesar 94 N/mm2; sebesar 88,3 N/mm2 dalam larutan asam; dan sebesar 80 N/mm2 dalam larutan sangat asam. Setelah 10 hari perendaman dalam larutan cuka aren kurang asam rerata kekuatan transversal plat resin akrilik sebesar 89,3 N/mm2 sebesar 87,7 N/mm2 dalam larutan asam dan sebesar 46,3 N/mm2 dalam larutan sangat asam. Simpulan: Semakin tinggi kadar konsentrasi keasaman larutan cuka aren, semakin rendah kekuatan transversal resin akrilik.Kata kunci: resin akrilik, larutan cuka aren, kekuatan transversal

Gambaran kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SLB YPAC Manado Motto, Christavia J.; Mintjelungan, Christy N.; Ticoalu, Shane H.R.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15632

Abstract: Oral health is an important part of the overall body health. Children with special needs are at risk or have chronic physical, developmental, behavioral, or emotional condition, therefore, they commonly require some assistance in maintaining their cleanliness, especially the oral hygiene. The indicator degree of oral hygiene in Indonesia is the status of oral hygiene degree with an average of Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) <1.2 obtained from summing the number debris index and calculus index. This study was aimed to describe the dental and oral hygiene in students with special needs at SLB YPAC Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were 36 students, aged 10-28 years, cooperative, and had letters of consent signed by their parents or proxy parents, obtained by using total sampling method. Data were analyzed manually and presented in tables, figures, and percentages, grouped based on their characteristics. The results showed that the students with special needs in SLB YPAC Manado had an average score of OHI-S of 1.3 with a total scores of Simplified Debris Index (DI-S) 0.9 and Simplified Calculus Index (CI-S) 0.4 which belonged to the moderate category.Keywords: oral hygiene, students with special needsÂ Abstrak: Kesehatan gigi dan mulut menjadi salah satu bagian penting dari kesehatan tubuh secara keseluruhan. Anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK) berisiko tinggi atau mempunyai kondisi kronis secara fisik, perkembangan, perilaku atau emosi sehingga memerlukan bantuan dalam menjaga kebersihan diri sendiri khususnya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Indikator derajat kebersihan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia ialah status derajat kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan rerata Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) <1,2 yang didapatkan dari menjumlahkan angka debris indeks dan kalkulus indeks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SLB YPAC Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 36 siswa berusia 10-28 tahun, kooperatif, serta bersedia menjadi responden berdasarkan surat persetujuan yang ditandatangani oleh orang tua atau wali, diperoleh dengan metode total sampling. Data diolah secara manual dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel, gambar, dan persentase yang dikelompokkan berdasarkan karakteristiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 36 siswa berkebutuhan khusus di SLB YPAC Manado didapatkan rerata skor OHI-S 1,3 dengan jumlah skor Debris Index Simplified (DI-S) 0,9 dan skor Calculus Index Simplified (CI-S) 0,4 yang tergolong pada status kebersihan gigi dan mulut sedang.Kata kunci: kebersihan gigi dan mulut, siswa berkebutuhan khusus

Uji daya hambat ekstrak daun cengkih (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) ) terhadap bakteri Enterococcus faecalis Lambiju, Eskha M.; Wowor, Pemsi M.; Leman, Michael A.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15547

Abstract: Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) grow widely in Indonesia. This plant has many benefits from its stem, leaves, and flowers. Clove leaves has several antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids, as well as eugenol as the major component of essential oil. Enterococcus faecalis is a facultative anaerobic Gram positive bacteria and normal flora in the mouth. These bacteria are often identified as the cause of the failure of root canal treatment. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of clove in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Enterococcus faecalis. This was an experimental study with a modified method of Kirby-Bauer using pits. Samples of clove leaves were obtained from Treman, North Minahasa, and then were extracted by using maceration method with 96% ethanol. Metronidazole was used as positive control. Enterococcus faecalis bacteria were taken from the direct isolation of patientsâ€™ necrotic teeth. The results showed that the average inhibition zone of clove leaf extract against Enterococuss faecalis was 8.0 mm meanwhile of metronidazole was 10.0 mm. Conclusion: Clove leaf extract had moderate inhibitory effect against the growth of Enterococcus faecalis.Keywords: clove leaves, Enterococcus faecalis, inhibition.Â Abstrak: Tanaman cengkih (Syzygium Aromaticum L.) banyak tumbuh di Indonesia. Tanaman ini memiliki banyak manfaat mulai dari batang, daun, dan bunga. Daun cengkih mengandung berbagai senyawa yang bersifat antibakteri seperti flavonoid, tannin, dan triterpenoid, serta senyawa eugenol yang merupakan komponen utama dalam minyak atrisi. Enterococcus faecalis ialah bakteri Gram positif fakultatif anaerob yang merupakan flora normal dalam mulut. Bakteri ini sering terisolasi sebagai penyebab kegagalan perawatan saluran akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat daun cengkih (Syzygium Aromaticum L.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan metode modifikasi Kirby-Bauer menggunakan sumuran. Sampel daun cengkeh diperoleh dari daerah Treman Kabupaten Minahasa Utara yang kemudian diekstrasi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Sebagai kontrol positif diginakan metronidazole. Bakteri Enterococcus faecalis diambil dari isolasi langsung pada pasien dengan gigi nekrosis. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan rerata zona inhibisi ekstrak daun cengkih terhadap bakteri Enterococuss faecalis sebesar 8,0 mm sedangkan zona inhibisi metronidazole 13,0 mm. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun cengkih memiliki daya hambat yang tergolong sedang terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis.Kata kunci: daun cengkih, Enterococcus faecalis, daya hambat

Gambaran status karies gigi pada mahasiswa asal Kabupaten Mimika yang mempunyai kebiasaan menyirih di Manado Uamang, Sarlota; Leman, Michael A.; Ticoalu, Shane H.R.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15153

Abstract: Caries is one of the dentine diseases which causes tooth cavity. In people with chewing betel habit, caries occurs due to less of oral hygiene. Chewing betel habit is inherited from generation to generation to prevent tooth decay, albeit, this habit can cause caries as an impact of chewing betel inappropriately including the frequency, duration, and number of betles consumed. This study was aimed to obtain the caries status of students from Mimika who had chewing betel habit in Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were 45 students from Mimika that had chewing betel habit obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that the average of DMF-T index of subjects was 5,9 (D/Decay 222, M/Missing 30, F/Filling 15). The majority of subjects had that habit for >5 years, 1-5 times of chewing per day, and less than 5 betels consumed per day. Conclusion: Status of caries in students of Mimika who had chewing betel habit in Manado was classified in high category.Keywords: caries status, chewing betel habitÂ Abstrak: Karies gigi merupakan suatu penyakit jaringan keras gigi yang menyebabkan kavitas pada gigi. Karies gigi pada penyirih terjadi karena kurangnya pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Kebiasaan menyirih merupakan kebiasaan masyarakat peramu yang diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi untuk merawat gigi namun dapat menyebabkan karies gigi pada penyirih akibat pola menyirih yang tidak teratur seperti frekuensi menyirih, lamanya menyirih dan jumlah pinang yang dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran status karies gigi pada mahasiswa asal Kabupaten Mimika yang mempunyai kebiasaan menyirih di Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 45 mahasiswa dengan kebiasaan menyirih berasal dari Kabupaten Mimika, diperoleh dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata indeks DMF-T pada subyek penelitian yaitu 5,9 dengan nilai D (Decay) 222, M (Missing)30, F (Filling) 15. Mayoritas subyek peneltian telah menyirih >5 tahun, frekuensi menyirih 1-5 kali sehari, dan jumlah pinang yang dikonsumsi sehari <5 buah. Simpulan: Status karies pada mahasiswa asal Kabupaten Mimika yang mempunyai kebiasaan menyirih di Manado tergolong kategori tinggi. Kata kunci: status karies, kebiasaan menyirih

Prevalensi stomatitis nikotina pada buruh tambang yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok Siwi, Filliany A. P.; Pangemanan, Damajanty H. C.; Gunawan, Paulina N.
e-GiGi Vol 5, No 1 (2017): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15415

Abstract: Smoking is one of the causes of death that is already known by most people. Besides that, smoking can cause several diseases in the oral cavity, inter alia nicotinic stomatitis. Although there are many bad effects of smoking, the prevalence of smokers in Indonesia is still increasing. Miners belong to the largest proportion of active smokers. This study was aimed to obtain the prevalence of nicotinic stomatitis among the miners who had smoking habit. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. This study was conducted at Ratatotok mining with a population of 1.463 miners. Subjects were 94 miners obtained by using simple random sampling. The results showed that 78.7% of subjects had nicotinic stomatitis. Based on the types of cigarette, the majority (53.3%) smoked white cigarette. Based on the duration of smoking, most subjects had smoking habbit for >20 years (38.3%). Moreover, based on the number of cigarettes smoked each day, most subjects (44.7%) smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Conclusion: The majority of miners that suffered from nicotinic stomatitis smoked white cigarettes, had smoking habit for more than 20 years, and smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day.Keywords: smoking habit, nicotinic stomatitisAbstrak: Rokok termasuk salah satu penyebab kematian yang umumnya telah diketahui oleh sebagian besar masyarakat. Selain penyebab kematian, rokok juga dapat menyebabkan penyakit dalam rongga mulut, salah satunya yaitu stomatitis nikotina. Meskipun banyak dampak buruk dari rokok namun prevalensi perokok di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Buruh tambang merupakan salah satu jenis pekerjaan yang mempunyai proporsi terbesar perokok aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi stomatitis nikotina pada buruh tambang yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah pertambangan Kecamatan Ratatotok dengan jumlah populasi buruh tambang yang terdaftar sebanyak 1463 orang. Subyrk pernelitian sebanyak 94 orang diperoleh dengan metode simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian dengan stomatitis nikotina sebanyak 78,7%. Subjek penelitian yang terlihat adanya stomatitis nikotina berdasarkan jenis rokok paling banyak pada subjek yang merokok dengan jenis rokok putih (55,3%). Berdasarkan lama merokok paling banyak pada subjek yang sudah merokok >20 tahun (38,3%), dan berdasarkan jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari paling banyak pada subjek yang merokok >20 batang per hari (44,7%). Simpulan: Sebagian besar buruh tambang yang menderita stomatitis nikotina menghisap rokok dengan jenis rokok putih, sudah merokok selama >20 tahun, dan merokok >20 batang per hari.Kata kunci: kebiasaan merokok, stomatitis nikotina

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Home Page

OAI Link

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Reviewer

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Location Kota manado, Sulawesi utara INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota manado,

Sulawesi utara

INDONESIA