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JOURNAL OF EARTH ENERGY ENGINEERING

JEEE
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Published by Universitas Islam Riau

ISSN : - EISSN : 25409352 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Journal of Earth Energy Engineering (eISSN 2540-9352) is a Bi-annual, open access, multi-disciplinary journal in earth science, energy, and engineering research issued by Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universitas Islam Riau. The journal is peer reviewed by experts in the scientific and engineering areas and also index in Directory of Research Journals Indexing (DRJI) and CrossRef Member.

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Articles 186 Documents

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Optimasi Gas Injeksi Pada Sembur Buatan Gas Lift Untuk Meningkatkan Besarnya Laju Produksi Minyak Maksimum Dan Evaluasi penghentian Kegiatan Gas Lift, Pada Lapangan Libo PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia Duri Ali Musnal; Fitrianti Fitrianti
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 6 No. 2 (2017): OCTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Banyak jenis pengangkatan buatan atau “ Artificial Lift “yang dapat dipergunakan, antara lain; Gas Lift yaitu pengangkatan buatan dengan mempergunakan gas, dan Pumping yaitu pengangkatan buatan dengan mempergunakan pompa, pemakaian jenis pengangkatan buatan ini tergantung pada kondisi sumur dan lapangan minyak yang akan dikerjakan. Dengan berjalannya waktu produksi, tekanan reservoir akan mengalami penurunan, hal ini disebabkan meningkatnya laju produksi air.dan berkurangnya tenaga pendorong Gas. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut diatas dipergunakan pengangkatan buatan yang dikenal dengan “Artificial Lift” .Pada 4 sumur kajian, pengangkatan buatan di pergunakan “ Gas Lift” yaitu dengan mempergunakan gas sebagai media pengangkatan minyak. Pada penelitian ini Peneliti akan menghitung Jumlah Gas injeksi yang optimum untuk mendapatkan laju produksi maksimum dan mengevaluasi kenapa kegiatan gas lift diberhentikan di lapangan Libo ini. Berdasarkan hasil Penelitian dan Perhitungan optimasi, banyak jumlah gas yang melampaui batas optimasi di injeksikan, sehinggah laju produksinya menjadi kecil, hal ini terlihat dari hasil penelitian yang Peneliti lakukan. Bila kelebihan gas injeksi ini tidak terjadi akan dapat mempanjang kegiatan gas lift selama 3 bulan dalam satu tahun. Faktor terhentinya kegiatan gas lift di lapangan Libo, Yaitu menurunya laju produksi gas dari 4 sumur yang ada dari 3.134.609 SCF/D menjadi 2.931.000 SCF/D dan supplay gas yang tidak stabil dari perusahaan pemasok gas.

Analisa Dan Optimasi Recovery Perolehan Cadangan Gas Dengan Melihat Parameter Design Sumur Pada Struktur Musi Barat Di Lapangan Riyadh Rycha Melysa; Idham Khalid
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 6 No. 2 (2017): OCTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Lapangan Riyadh merupakan lapangan yang memiliki potensi cadangan gas. Berdasarkan hasil perkiraan cadangan secara volumetric lapangan Riyadh memiliki cadangan sebesar 686.334 Bcf. Lapangan Riyadh ini memiliki 28 sumur yaitu hanya 20 sumur yang berproduksi hingga tahun 2016. Perolehan gas pada lapangan Riyadh hingga akhir tahun 2016 yaitu sebesar 505.336 Bcf. Maka perlu dilakukan perkiraan cadangan berdasarkan material balance dan melakukan optimasi recovery perolehan gas sesuai dengan design sumur di lapangan riyadh. Pada lapangan Riyadh ini dilakukan analisa forecast tekanan terhadap kumulatif produksi gas untuk mengetahui tekanan pada kumulatif produksi gas terhadap waktu. Selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan perkiraan cadangan dengan metode plot P/z vs Gp dan dilakukan identifikasi driving mechanism. Dari hasil perkiraan cadangan dapat dihitung perkiraan recovery factor current dan recovery factor predict . tahap optimasi recovery perolehan gas dilakukan dengan prosper dan mbal software. Hasil perkiraan cadangan gas dengan material balance plot P/z vs Gp sebesar 702.895 Bcf. Analisa plot P/z vs Gp dapat diketahui bahwa reservoir pada lapangan Riyadh dipengaruhi aquifer influx sehingga dapat di indikasi dari hasil metode cole plot, driving mechanism lapangan Riyadh ini adalah strong water drive .kemudian dari hasil perhitungan cadangan plot P/z vs Gp untuk RF current sebesar 72 % dengan RF prediksi 82 % berdasarkan manual. Setelah dilakukan simulasi Mbal recovery perolehan gas pada lapangan Riyadh dapat di optimasi sampai 85 % berdasarkan parameter design sumur yaitu tubing 3 inch.

A Critical Review on Mathematical Functions Employed for Heptane Plus Characterization in Gas Condensate Reservoirs: Lessons Learned and Future Development Steven Chandra
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Characterizing heptanes plus fraction in PVT analysis has been a complex problem since its first inception. In this publication, the author is reviewing available mathematical functions employed for this task, whilst pointing out advantages and weaknesses for each of them and proposing a new method that is capable of complex characterization. This publication addresses a new method that is capable of accurately characterize heptane plus fraction especially in discontinued areas where errors could leap up to 40%. The author modifies natural logarithmic function to be used as an accommodation to discontinuities. The modified distribution provides better accuracy in modeling the discontinuities as a straight-line function, making them ideal for real gas condensate composition characterization. The new method is tested against several test data used by previous researchers, and applied to 3 sets of field data. The results have shown that this new method is capable of lowering CPU requirement whilst making better accuracy for all test data.

The Optimization and Analysis of Hydrocarbon Recovery under Injection of Biopolymer, Synthetic Polymer and Gels in a Heterogeneous Reservoir Dike Fitriansyah Putra; Cenk Temizel
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Water injection is a conventional method which increases the recovery by providing pressure support and displacing oil in the heterogeneous porous medium. Mobility ratio is important for a more efficient oil displacement by the injected fluid. Mobility ratio can be reduced using the fluids involving gelling agents. While polymers degrade and break up on experiencing sudden shear stresses and high temperatures, polymer macromolecules are forced to flow into narrow channels and pores where molecular scission processes can take place. It is importance to have a strong understanding of the use of the right type and amount of viscosity as a reduction agent. For polymer injection, a comparison of xanthan polymer and synthetic polymer mechanisms was conducted. A commercial full-physics reservoir simulator was coupled with a robust optimization and uncertainty tool to run the model, where a simplified gel kinetics was assumed to form a microgel with no redox catalyst. Control and uncertainty variables were set to investigate the sensitivity of this process using the coupled optimization and uncertainty tool. Results demonstrate deep penetration of gel and blocking of the high permeability bottom layers. Sensitivity studies indicate the relative merits of biopolymer, xanthan polymer in terms of viscosity effects vs synthetic PAM in terms of resistance factor vs in-situ gelation treatments and their crossflow dependence. Adsorption and retention of polymer and gel are permeability dependent. Considering the potential for application of gel solutions in the U.S. and throughout the world, this study illustrates the relative advantages of different treatments in terms of viscosity reduction in the same model in a comparative way, while outlining the significance of each control and uncertainty variable for better management of reservoirs where displacement efficiency is highly critical.

The Enhancing Cement Strength through Utilization of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) Additive: An Experimental Study Novia Rita; Novrianti Novrianti; Adi Novriansyah; Muhammad Ariyon
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Designing a slurry with adequate strength resistance is a major objective in oil and gas completion job. Various studies and research confirms that Compressive Strength (CS) and Shear Bond Strength (SBS) are two parameter which is imperative in describing cement strength in well cementing job. This experimental study introduces a Rice Husk Ash (RHA), an alternative cement additive derived from organic waste. RHA rich in silicon oxide (SiO2) and has a pozzolanic reaction, which is correlated in enhancing cement strength. Serial cement samples with various concentration of RHA were prepared to investigate the effect of RHA concentration to CS and SBS. All samples were then Dried for 24 hours in room condition after completing mixing and molding process. A Biaxial Loading test was then performed to all samples to determine the CS and SBS values by using hydraulic press apparatus. Results from the loading test generally indicate an enhancement of CS and SBS for samples with 31%, 32%, 33%, and 34% RHA. An indication of higher CS and SBS is not found for sample with 35% RHA, comparing with 34% RHA. Thus, 34% RHA is the optimum concentration for theses study, which yield 1312. psi of CS and 158.16 psi of SBS. Through this study, there is an opportunity for transforming waste material into alternative additive with higher economic value.

Analysis of Damage Rod String Components in Sucker Rod Pump in The Field SS Fitrianti Fitrianti; Anwar Haryono
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 1 (2018): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Field SS is a Heavy Oil field which means high viscosity oil making it difficult to flow. Therefore, artificial lift was used in this field to help lifting the high viscosity fluid, i.e. sucker rod pump (SRP). In the last several years, problem of the damage to the rod string was frequently occur. Rod string damage is usually indicated by the occurrence of broken or detached components. In order to overcome the damage of rod string components on the sucker rod pump, several parameters that causes rod string damage in 41 well samples in the field SS were analyzed and then recommendations were made as an alternative to minimize the occurrence of rod string damage. After analyzing the parameters that can cause rod string damage on 41 well samples in SS field, the cause of the breakdown of rod string is fluid pounding for 37 samples well, while the causes for 4 samples of other wells is not detected. After that, recommendation efforts is done, like size down pump speed and stroke length for 9 samples of wells, size down pump size and pump speed for 6 samples of wells and size down pump speed for 22 samples well. As for the undetected cause 4 samples of wells, is recommended to do proactive well service.

Literature Review of Water Alternation Gas Injection mohammed Alsharif Samba; Mahmoud Omran Elsharafi
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): OCTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

The Water Alternating Gas (WAG) process is a cyclic method of injecting alternating cycles of gas followed by water and repeating this process over a number of cycles. WAG injection is to improve oil recovery, by both increasing the macroscopic and microscopic sweep efficiency and to help maintain the reservoir pressure. Also, WAG injection is to postpone the gas breakthrough. The WAG process provides mobility control in fast zones which extends gas project life and oil recovery. This paper provided a comprehensive literature study about WAG injection. This paper has collected most of the requirements of the petroleum engineers that has to know about the WAG injection started from basic concepts until the design parameter for WAG injection.

Comparative Study of Using Sea-Water for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs: Effects of Temperature and Aging Time on Oil Recovery Madi Abdullah Naser; Mohamed Erhayem; Ali Hegaig; Hesham Jaber Abdullah; Muammer Younis Amer; Abdalsalam Ali Mohamed
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): OCTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Oil recovery process is an essential element in the oil industry, in this study, a laboratory study to investigate the effect of temperature and aging time on oil recovery and understand some of the mechanisms of seawater in the injection process. In order to do that, the sandstone and carbonate cores were placed in the oven in brine to simulate realistic reservoir conditions. Then, they were aged in crude oil in the oven. After that, they were put in the seawater to recover, and this test is called a spontaneous imbibition test. The spontaneous imbibition test in this study was performed at room temperature to oven temperature 80 oC with different sandstone and carbonate rock with aging time of 1126 hours. The result shows that the impact of seawater on oil recovery in sandstone is higher than carbonate. At higher temperature, the oil recovery is more moderate than low temperature. Likewise, as the aging time increase for both sandstone and carbonate rocks the oil recovery increase.

Performance Analysis of Local Pekanbaru Bentonite for Reactive Solid Application of Mud Drilling Novrianti Novrianti; Idham Khalid; Richa Melysa
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): OCTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

In oil and gas drilling activities, drilling mud is one of the most important commodities. The main mineral used as a reactive solid that works to suck fresh water and form drilling mud is bentonite. Bentonite which is used as a drilling mud in the market is mostly imported from the United States. In Indonesia there are several areas that have enough potential for bentonite minerals, namely Java, Sumatra, parts of Kalimantan and Sulawesi with reserves estimated to be more than 380 million tons. This study uses bentonite in Kulim area, Tenayan Raya City, Pekanbaru, in hopes of providing useful information input, especially in the use of bentonite minerals in drilling mud. Using local bentonite the price is cheaper and more efficient. The object observed was the effect and number of bentonite mixed with fresh water so that the rheological properties of drilling mud such as viscosity, gel strength, mud cake and filtration loss were obtained and would be in accordance with API specification 13A standards. Whereas to find out the composition and structure of local mineral clay, SEM and EDX analyzes were performed to determine the characteristics and composition of these minerals. From these tests add additives NaCO3 and NaOH as ion exchangers and add the element Na to the sludge. From SEM and EDX analysis, two samples taken in central Sumatra Sumatra can be categorized as clay Illite fe-rich and Clay Illite Platty. Rheological testing of drilling mud and chemical composition analysis of clay Illite fe-rich minerals and Clay Illite Platty in Riau, Central Sumatra and with the addition of additives NaCO3 and NaOH to local Clay, Rheology in mud based on Clay Illite Platty is obtained with Bentonite. commonly used as a basic material for the manufacture of oil and gas drilling mud with API Spec13 A.

Spontaneous Imbibition Test of Low Salinity Injection at Low Saline Waxy Crude Carbonate Fiki Hidayat; Tomi Erfando; Borry Frima Maulana
Journal of Earth Energy Engineering Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): OCTOBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Riau (UIR) Press

Low salinity waterflooding (LSW) is categorized as one of emerging EOR technologies. It is done by injecting water with different salt composition and/or concentration. The research has been carried out for both sandstone and carbonate with the results looks promising. However, most of this research still concentrated in the north sea, middle east and North America region. This article discusses the applicability of low salinity waterflooding methodology in Indonesia. Spontaneous imbibition test is carried out to observe the recovery gain from a various combination of concentration and composition of the injected brine. The change of pH of the brine is also examined in order to confirm the pH effect mechanism. Three different concentration of brine (500 ppm, 5.000 ppm, and 10.000 ppm), three different brine composition (NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2) and high paraffinic crude oil are used as the fluid sample. It is found that the increased oil recovery is significant at a salinity of 10,000 ppm for MgCl2 and 5,000 ppm for NaCl ions. While the lowest recovery was shown by the test at a salinity of 500 ppm

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