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INDONESIA
Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 27, No 2 (2008)" : 6 Documents clear
Comparative analysis of transport media for isolating Shigella Lesmana, Murad; Salim, Oktavianus Ch.; Herwana, Elly; Bukitwetan, Paul; Surjawidjaja, Julius E
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.51-56

Abstract

Transport media for Shigella include buffered glycerol saline (BGS), and Cary-Blair (CB). However being a liquid medium BGS may leak or spill during transport and thus may cause contamination. The other concern is the 30% concentration of glycerol in the BGS which may be inhibitory to some susceptible Shigella species. This study was conducted to determine the best and safe transport media for Shigella. Rectal swab samples were obtained from 289 dysenteric patients and transported to the laboratory in Cary-Blair (CB) transport medium, standard buffered glycerol saline (BGS), BGS with the addition of 0.5% agar (BGS-A), and BGS with the addition of 0.5% agar and reduced glycerol to 15% (BGS-M). Recovery rates between CB, BGS, BGS-A and BGS-M and their combinations were compared. The overall prevalence of Shigella recovered from any of the four tubes was 24.9% (72/289). CB and BGS-M recovered Shigella in 54 out of 289 patients (18.7%), CB and BGS-A in 50 (17.3%), and CB and BGS in 49 (17.0%), while CB, BGS, BGS-A, and BGS-M alone gave positive Shigella in 30 (10,4%), 29 (10.0%), 34 (11.8%) and 46 (15.9%), respectively. This study suggests that a minor modification to the BGS raised the recovery rate of Shigella.
The association between shift work and body mass index among female nurses Samara, Diana; Merijanti, Lie T; Tandean, Reza; Harrianto, Ridwan
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.72-77

Abstract

Possibly due to a disturbance of biological rhythms, shift work is associated with several health problems, particularly an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Obesity is a well known independent cardiovascular risk factor and has been shown to be more prevalent among shift workers. The objective of this study was to examine the association between shift work and body mass index in nurses working in one hospital in Central Jakarta. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 female nurses, ranging from 22 to 55 years of age, with determination of body mass index (BMI), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). The results show a mean age of 30.9 ± 7.2 years and mean job experience of 8.9 ± 7.6 years. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders between shift and day workers. Mean BMI (23.1 ± 3.6) and mean job experience (6.9 ± 5.9 years) in shift nurses were significantly different from those in day workers (BMI = 24.8 ± 3.8; job experience 15.4 ± 8.4 years). In shift working nurses the BMI increased significantly in proportion to job experience (p=0.014). In conclusion, the present study has proven that job experience significantly increased BMI in shift working nurses.
Impact of physical activity on quality of life in the elderly Kusumaratna, Rina K.
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.57-64

Abstract

The rapid growth of the elderly population is having an impact on the maintenance of a healthy mental and physical state. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of physical activity and quality of life in the elderly. The participants in this study were 21 male and 80 female elderly persons (66.4 ± 6.3 years, mean ± SD) recruited from the community in 2 subdistricts in South Jakarta. Data were collected on the quality of life (QOL) using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire that contains 26 items, 24 of them making up the 4 domains of physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. The Short Form (SF) International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure the habitual practice of physical activities of the elderly. Subjects were separated into groups with low (n = 25), moderate (n= 37) and high activity level (n = 39), according to their position on the physical activity scale. The QOL scores in all four domains were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the group reporting a higher level of physical activity. After adjustment for age, the more active group had higher values in all four QOL domains as follows: physical health (p = 0.027), psychological health (p = 0.000), social relationships (p = 0.005), and environment (p = 0.000). Healthy older adults who had higher physical activity had higher QOL scores than those who were physically less active. Therefore, incorporating more physical activity into the lifestyles of sedentary or minimally active elderly persons may improve their QOL.
The role of night shift work on blood pressure among healthy female nurses Merijanti, Lie T.; Samara, Diana; Tandean, Reza; Harrianto, Ridwan
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.65-71

Abstract

Although hypertension is probably the most common disease on earth, little is known about the association between shift work and hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of night shift work and blood pressure among healthy nurses. A cross-sectional study was performed from March to April 2007 among 152 healthy female nurses from one hospital in Central Jakarta. Historical data were obtained from a self-administered detailed questionnaire, while anthropometric and blood pressure variables were measured directly. Shift workers had a significantly lower age (29.2 ± 5.6 years) and shorter job experience (6.9 ± 5.9 years) than day workers (age = 36.5 ± 8.7 years; job experience 15.4 ± 8.4 years). There was a higher prevalence of overweight individuals among shift workers (31/43 = 72.1%) in comparison with day workers (12/43 = 27.9%), even though the difference in prevalence did not reach statistical significance (p=0.121). Analysis of covariance yielded a significant relationship between shift work and systolic blood pressure (p=0.046), even after taking into account age and job experience. Systolic blood pressure was significantly influenced by shift working, while diastolic blood pressure was not (p=0.283). Working in the hospital on a 24-hour shift leads to abnormally high systolic blood pressure in female nurses, thus suggesting that this type of work may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Management of anemia among patients in intensive care units Margo, Eveline
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.78-86

Abstract

Anemia is frequently encountered in critically-ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Anemia may occur both at the time of admission, during treatment and after discharge from the ICU. The causes are multifactorial and include acute blood loss, blood loss from diagnostic testing and blunted red blood cell production. Blood transfusions are frequently given to patients in the ICU to treat low hemoglobin levels due to either acute blood loss or subacute anemia associated with critical illness. Although blood transfusion is a life-saving therapy, evidence suggests that it may be associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. A feature of anemia of critical illness is lack of appropriate elevation of circulating erythropoietin concentrations in response to physiological stimuli. One important concern is that anemia may not be well tolerated by a critically ill patient. A number of blood conservation strategies exist that may mitigate anemia in hospital patients and limit the need for transfusion. These strategies include the use of hemostatic agents, hemoglobin substitutes and blood salvage techniques, the reduction of blood loss associated with diagnostic testing, the use of erythropoietin and the use of restrictive blood transfusion triggers. In this article we review the prevalence of anemia during critical illness specifically among patients in the ICU, and discuss the various factors that contribute to its development, the prevention and treatment of anemia by appropriate red cell transfusion and the place of erythropoietin in treatment.
Clinical and laboratory aspect of leptospirosis in humans Setiawan, I Made
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.87-97

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a world-wide zoonotic disease, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The disease is found in rural and urban areas with poor environmental conditions. The spectrum of human disease ranges from subclinical infection to severe clinical disease with multi-organ failure (Weil’s disease) and high mortality rate, and depends both on the host and the infecting serovar. Leptospirosis may occur either sporadically or in the context of an outbreak and is commonly related to occupational or recreational activities that involve direct or indirect contact with the urine of animal species that are reservoirs of the disease. The disease infects man through contact with contaminated environments or direct contact with carrier animals such as rats, dogs, cattle, pigs, etc. Leptospirosis has clinical symptoms similar to such diseases as dengue, malaria, typhoid, influenza, thus laboratory methods are required for early detection to facilitate appropriate treatment of patients. The diagnosis of leptospirosis should be considered in any patient presenting with an abrupt onset of fever, chills, conjunctival suffusion, headache, myalgia, and jaundice. Suspicion is further increased if there is a history of occupational or recreational exposure to infected animals or to an environment potentially contaminated with animal urine. Treatment commonly consists of administration of antibiotics such as penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline and doxycycline. Prevention by immunization is uncommon, as the available vaccines are ineffective in preventing the disease. In general, prevention is by avoiding environmental exposure.

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