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Paediatrica Indonesiana
Published by Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
ISSN : 00309311     EISSN : 2338476X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,135 Documents
 74   75   76   77   78 
The effect of soybean formula and formula 100 supplementation on the growth of preschool children M Mexitalia; Yohanes Tri Nugroho; J C Susanto
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 6 (2005): November 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.6.2005.256-63

Abstract

Background Preschool children are vulnerable in growth. Soy-bean formula (SF) and formula-100 (F100) are supplementary foodswhich contain of high energy and are available at low price; how-ever, they are not widely used for preschool children.Objectives To investigate the effect of SF compared to F100 onthe growth of preschool children.Methods A cross-over trial was conducted on 96 preschool chil-dren aged 4-7 years. Subjects were randomly divided into 2 groupswhich received 200 ml soybean formula (n=49) or F100 (n=47) for1 month and crossed-over after a six-week wash-out period. Bodyweight was measured weekly. Body height and food analysis by 3-day food recall were measured at the beginning and the end of thestudy. The criteria of the acceptability of the formula was eithergood or poor.Results Supplementation with SF as well as F100 induced catchup growth as shown by the increase of Δz-score. There were nosignificant difference of Δ weight for age z-score, Δ height for agez-score, and Δ weight for height z score between groups duringthe first and second phases of the trial. The acceptability of F100was significantly better than that of SF at the beginning; neverthe-less, the difference was not significant at the second phase trial.Conclusions Soybean formula and F100 given for a one monthperiod can induce catch-up growth in preschool children. Soybeanformula as an alternative health food can be accepted by preschoolchildren
Growth and development profile of children at two day care centers in Jakarta Siti Budiati Widyastuti; Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko; Agus Firmansyah
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 6 (2005): November 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.6.2005.275-9

Abstract

Background Working mothers with toddlers are often confusedwith the difficulties of caregiver substitutes. This leads to the con-cern about neglecting their toddlers. Day care centers are expectedto respond by substituting the absent mothers, in order for thechildren’s needs of growth and development to become optimal.Objective To examine the profile of day care centers in correla-tion with growth and development of toddlers, and to understandthe characteristics of facilities for growth and development in tod-dlers at day care centers.Method This cross-sectional study was conducted at the day carecenters (DCC) of the Department of Social Affairs of the Republicof Indonesia Harapan Ibu (HI) in Salemba, Central Jakarta andTeratai in Bekasi from February 1-August 1, 2004.Results There were 106 children enrolled in this study; 47 chil-dren in DCC HI and 59 in DCC Teratai, male:female ratio was 1:1,mostly at age 3.1-5 years. Growth status was measured accord-ing to body weight/age, body height/age, height circumference/age and found good, normal, and proper growth status in 85 chil-dren (80.2%), 48 children (45.3%), 102 children (96.2%), respec-tively. We found good nutritional status in 44 children (41.5%) andnormal developmental status (Denver II) in 81 children (76.4%).Ratio of caregivers to child was 1:10. All children had completeimmunization. No trauma or upper respiratory tract infection wasrecorded as frequent morbidity. Parents’ reasons for relying theirchildren in DCCs were to enable their children to socialize (50children/47.2%), and to allow them to become independent (49children/46.2%).Conclusion DCCs can serve as a safe alternative caregiving sub-stitute based on good growth and development, good nutritionalstatus, also good characteristics facilities
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in childhood Bidasari Lubis; Nelly Rosdiana; Saur L Margaretha
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 45 No 6 (2005): November 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi45.6.2005.280-4

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a raretumor which originates from thenasopharyngeal epithelium. It accountsfor <1% of childhood malignancy cases,whereas almost all adult nasopharyngeal cancers arecarcinomas. In children, nasopharyngealmalignancies are mostly rhabdomyosarcomas andonly 20-30% are carcinomas or lymphomas.Approximately one third of the undifferentiated typeNPC is diagnosed in adolescents or young adults.
Risk factors for low bone density in pediatric nephrotic syndrome Corina Lisa; Madarina Julia; Pungky A. Kusuma; Tonny Sadjimin
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.61-5

Abstract

Background Disturbances in bone mineral metabolism and side effects of corticosteroid treatment may cause decreased bone density in patients v.ith nephrotic syndrome (NS).Objectives To compare the prevalence oflow bone mineral density (BMD) in children with and 'Without NS and to assess the effect of corticosteroid treatment on bone density in NS patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cohort study in children aged 5-18 years diagnosed 'With NS for more than 2 months prior to data collection, and in children v.ithout NS as a control. BMD was assessed on calcaneal bone wlith ultrasound bone densitometry. Serum calcium, albumin, creatinine and phosphate levels were also assessed.Results The prevalence of low BMD was significantly higher in NS patients than non􀁂NS subjects, 73.3% (22 in 30) vs. 33% (11 in 33), respectively. The prevalence ratio was 6.3 (95% CI 2.1 to 18.9). NS patients had lower serum calcium levels, With mean difference of -0.17 (95% CI -0.27 to -0.07 mMollL), P<0.009, and lower serum albumin, with mean difference of  -0.88 (95% CI -1.27 to -0.49 gIL); P<O.OO 1, than non􀁂NS subjects. After adjusting for other risk factors, we found NS to be an independent risk factor for low BMD. Steroid-resistant and steroid-dependent patients had lower BMD than steroid-sensitive subjects (P=0.02). There was also a significant correlation between the onset of corticosteroid treatment and BMD (r=O.3; P=0.02).Conclusions NS patients had higher risk for low BMD compared to normal subjects. Response to steroid treatment influences the severity of impaired bone density.
Some aspects of thyroid dysfunction in thalassemia major patients with severe iron overload Cynthia Rindang; Jose R. L. Batubara; Pustika Amalia; Hindra Satari
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.66-72

Abstract

Background Severe iron overload due to recurrent transfusions for chronic anemia and inadequate iron chelation therapy in thalassemia major patients result in various complications, including hypothyroidism. Currently, there has been no data on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in thalassemia major patients at the Thalassemia Centers, Department of Child Health, CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital (DCH CMH).Objective To study the prevalence of primary hypothyroidism in thalassemia major patients in the Thalassemia Center, DCH MCH.Methods We performed a cross-sectional, descriptive study. All thalassemia major subjects aged O􀁬18 years with severe iron overload underwent thyroid functionexamination. Primary hypothyroidism was defined as either normal (compensated) or decreased (decompensated) free T4 (FT4) levels, along with elevated sensitive thyroid􀁬stimulatinghonnone (TSH)levels. Results 179 subjects enrolled this study Mth male: female ratio of 1: 1.6. The prevalence of primary hypothyroidism in thalassemia majorpatients Mth severe iron overloadws26.8% (48/179). Of those 48,45 had compensated hypothyroidism and 3 had decompensated hypothyroidism, 25.1% and 1.7% of the total subjects, respectively. Compensated hypothyroidism was observed in 17 subjects aged ≤1O years and in 28 subjects aged> 10 years. All 3 decompensated hypothyroidism cases were> 10 years of age. No relationship was found between the occurrence of primary hypothyroidism and mean pre-tr811sfusion Hb levels (P=0.481, OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.63 to 2.68), elevated serum ferritin levels (P=0.74, OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.75), and compliance to iron chelation therapy (P=0.570, OR 0.76; 95% CI 035 to 1.65). Based on multivariate analysis, only age of <10 year-old (P=O.029, OR 0.469; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.93) was significantly associated Mth primary hypJthyroidism. Further analysis using receiver operator curve (ROC) technique found that age of 8.5 year-old was the cutoff value to predict the risk of hypothyroidism. Conclusion The prevalence of primary hypothyroidism in our study is high. The occurrence of hypothyroidism is associated with age.
Correlation between hemoglobin level and left ventricular systolic functions and dimensions in children with chronic severe anemia Erlina Masniari Napitupulu; Fera Wahyuni; Tina Christina L. Tobing; Muhammad Ali; Bidasari Lubis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.79-83

Abstract

Background Chronic severe anemia is a connnon disease. Cardiac output may increase when the hemoglobin (Hb) level decreases to < 7 g/dL for 3 months or more. Alteration of left ventricular (LV) function occurs frequently in children 'With chronic severe anemia, in the {onn of concentric LV hypertrophy, LV dilatation with or v.ithout LV hypertrophy, or systolic dysfunction. Objective To examine the correlation between Hb level and alteration of LV systolic function in children with chronic severe anemia. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Adam Malik Hospital from October to December 2009. Subjects were chronic severely anemic children. Left ventricular systolic function (ejection fraction/EF, fractional shortening/FS) and dimensions (left ventricular end diastolic diameter/LVEDD and left ventricular end systolic diameter/LVESD) were measured using Hitachi EUB 5500 echocardiography unit. Univariate analysis  and Pearson correlation were performed.Results Thirty children were enrolled in the study. The mean of age was 113.5 months (SD 53.24). Hb values ranged from 2.1 to 6.9 g/dL with mean value of 4.6 g/dL (SD 1.44). Mean duration of anemia was 3.9 months (SD 0.70). Chronic severe anemia was not associated \\lith decreased LV systolic function [EF 62.2% (SD 9.16), r =0.296, P=0.112; FS 33.8% (SD 7.26), r =0.115, P=0.545], nor LV dimension changes [LVEDD 40.2 mm (SD 6.85), r = -0.192, P=0.308; LVESD 26.2 mm (SD 4.98), r=-0.266, P=0.156]. Conclusion There was no correlation between Hb level in chronically anemic children and changes in LV systolic function or dimension.
Comparison of skin prick allergy test in urban and rural children Fakhri Widyanto; Rita Evalina Rusli; Muhammad Ali; Melda Deliana; Lily Irsa; M. Sjabaroeddin Loebis
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.84-8

Abstract

Background Children who grow up in rural areas have a lower incidence of atopy and other allergic manifestations than children in urban areas. Several recent studies have suggested that agricultural exposure may protect children from developing asthma and atopy, but these findings are inconsistent.Objective To examine an association between living in rural or urban areas and skin prick allergy test results in children and to detennine associated risk factors for atopy.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Karo district (rural) and Medan (urban) in October-December 2009. We enrolled primary school children who had a history of atopy in their families. Skin prick testing was done on the volar side of the forearm and included eight aero-allergens: house dust mites, house dust, cotton, chicken feathers, cat dander, cockroaches, mould, and pollen. We analyzed the folloMng risk factors forassociation Mth atopy: tobacco smoke, pets, livestock exposure, and having older sibling(s).Results We recruited 49 children from the Karo district and 52 children from the city of Medan. There were significant associations between living in an urban area and positive skin prick test results for house dust mites and house dust compared to living in a rural area (P=0.04, 95% CI: 1.11 to 5.91; P=0.04, 95% CI: 1.13 to 12.45, respectively). The reverse was true for cockroach allergens (P=0.02, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.81). Tobacco smoke and livestock exposure were associated Mth negative skin prick test results in rural children (P=O.03, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.81 and P=0.002, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.42, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that lack of livestock exposure was the major risk factor associated Mth any positive skin prick test results in rural children (P=0.004; 95% CI ; 0.02 to 0.49).Conclusion There were differing associations between living in rural and urban areas to various skin prick test results in children. Lack of livestock exposure was the risk factor associated with positive skin prick test results in rural children.
The alteration of renal function in sepsis and septic shock patients in pediatric intensive care unit Feiby Julianto; Adrian Umboh; Suryadi Tatura
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.89-93

Abstract

Background Sepsis is a commonly seen emergency case in the pediatric intensive care unit.1 Severe sepsis mortality rate in developed country andin developing country such as Indonesia are 9% and 50-70%, respectively. Furthennore, the mortality rate in septic shock is 80%.2 Several researches documented increasing rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence correlated 'With sepsis. Clinical intervention identification may decrease AKI and sepsis incidence.Objective To identify the correlation between incidence of AKI in sepsis and in septic shock patients who was treated in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Methods A cross sectional study was perfonned in 37 patients diagnosed as sepsis according ACCP/SCCM criteria for children aged 1 month to 13 years. The study was conducted in Pediatric Department, Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou hospital from April 2009 to June 2009.Results From 37 sepsis patients, 27 were boys and 10 were girls. In the sepsis group (n=27) 10 had AKI, and in the septic shock group (n= 10) had AKI. Phi correlation coefficient applied to statistically analyzed sepsis in correlation with AKI (creatinin serum and GFR). Significant Phi correlation coefficient was (r=0.117; P> 0.05)Conclusions The study concludes that there is no correlation of renal function impainnent Mth sepsis and septic shock.
Associations of viscosity, stercobilin and bilirubin levels in meconium stained amniotic fluid to meconium aspiration syndrome M. Sholeh Kosim; Lisyani B. Suromo; Chrisna Hendarwati
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.101-6

Abstract

Background Meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) increases morbidity and mortality in neonates. Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) occurs in 2-9% of neonates with MSAF. Viscosity of MSAF is associated with the amount of the meconium release.Objective To determine the associations between viscosity and the presence of stercobilin and bilirubin in MSAF with MAS in neonates.Methods This observational cohort study was perfonned with term babies who were born v.ith MSAF in Kariadi Hospital from August 2009 to May 2010. Amniotic fluid specimens were taken at birth and neonates were observed for respiratory symptoms until the 5th day of life. Analysis was done by chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and relative risk.Results The majority of the 48 subjects were male, Mth mean gestational age of 39.9 (SD 1.73) weeks. Classification of MSAF as thick or thin was done by macroscopic examination Mth Kappa test 0.741. The MSAF tested ositively for stercobilin and bilirubin in 12/48 and 17/48 subjects, respectively. Thick MSAF correlated significantly to MAS (P=0.03) Mth a relative risk of 10.1 (95% CI 1.2 to 87 .6), while stercobilin and bilirubin presence did not.Conclusion Thick MSAF was associated Mth lvtAS and was a risk factor for MAS. Stercobilin and bilirubin presence in MSAF were not associated with MAS.
Effect of oral zinc on hyperbilirubinemia in full term neonates Patton Patton; Dedi Rachmadi; Abdurachman Sukadi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 51 No 2 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi51.2.2011.107-10

Abstract

Background Oral zinc has been shown to reduce serum unconjugated bilirubin in animals, adolescents and low birth weight neonates. However, studies in healthy tenn neonates given oral zinc showed no reduction in hyperbilirubinemia based on time measurement in days. In order to improve accuracy, hyperbilirubinemia may be determined based on time measurements in hours.Objective To determine the effect of oral zinc on hyperbiliru-binemia in full term neonates, based on time measurement in hours, rather than days.Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical trial on healthy term neonates born spontaneously or through elective caesarean section in Hasan Sadikin Hospital from June to July 2010. Subjects were randomized into two groups: those receiving 5 mg of zinc sulphate and those receiving a placebo, sucrose, each twice daily. Serum total bilirubin level was examined at discharge and upon follow􀁂up at day 5 of life. Factors which may be related to hyperbilirubinemia such as maternal age, infants' gender, umbilical cord bilirubin levels and type of feeding, were analyzed by Chi-square test. Hyperbilirubinemia persistence and comparison of survival distributions were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Logrank test.Results Out of 60 subjects, 26 had hyperbilirubinemia. The mean duration of hyperbilirubinemia in the 15 subjects in the zinc group and 11 in the placebo group were 116.5 hours and 117.3 hours, respectively. There was no significant difference in hyperbilirubinemia duration between the two groups ( P=0.496, 95% CI 111.5 to 122.7). In addition, Chi-square analysis of factors which may be related to hyperbilirubinemia showed no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions Oral zinc 5 mg tMce daily made no significant difference in hyperbilirubinemia duration in full tenn neonates despite measuring in hours.

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