Paediatrica Indonesiana
Paediatrica Indonesiana is a medical journal devoted to the health, in a broad sense, affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents, belonged to the Indonesian Pediatric Society. Its publications are directed to pediatricians and other medical practitioners or researchers at all levels of health practice throughout the world.
Articles
2,127 Documents
Tuberculosis in Children and BCG Vaccination in North Sumatra
Jo Kian Tjay;
Robencius Saragih;
Sahat Halim;
Tjut Irawati;
P. Harnopidjati;
S.M. Manoeroeng;
M.V.O. Sitompul
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 15 No 11-12 (1975): November - December 1975
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi15.11-12.1975.303-14
Data of child tuberculosis, clinical visits and those who were treated in the three hospitals, visits to the 6 public health centers (Puskesmas) and figures of BCG immunization in the North Sumatra Province were presented.Although the tuberculin index in children in Medan (1965) was lower than that in Java (BCG Mass Campaign, 1954 - 1964), primary tuberculosis patients treated in the General Hospital (RSUPP) constituted 1.14% of the total patients admitted to the hospital in 1963 - 1972, whereas in the â€PNP IX†hospital it was 0.84%. From a survey of families (1962 - 1969) it revealed that infection in the families was ± 50%. While 76.1% of the meningitis patients were under the age of 4 years. From a survey of 6 public health centers we found through a Pilot Project that 1.02% patients had a positive sputum. The above mentioned figures gave the indication that BCG immunization had to be performed in children under the age of 4 years. However, the figures of the BCG campaign (1970 - 1973) at the above mentioned Pilot Project revealed that coverage in the under 5 - years - old age was 20.5%, whereas in the 5 - 14 years age group it was 49.2%.In practice the realization of massal BCG immunization was certainly the simplest with school age children who were already grouped and registered; nevertheless, partly of them hai already got infected and had been released from tuberculous meningitis complication. BCG immunization as mentioned above (probably it was also given mother areas in Indonesia) did obviously not reach its right target.
Tuberculosis and its Control in Indonesia
A.S. Gunardi
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 15 No 11-12 (1975): November - December 1975
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi15.11-12.1975.315-32
Based on a tuberculosis prevalence survey with the assistance of WHO in 1962 - 1965 in the areas fogyakarta and Malang where were found a prevalence of tuberculin sensitivity of 40,6% at the age 10-14 years, a prevalence of bac- teriologically confirmed cases of 0.6% and those with pulmonary shadows 3.6%, a workshop in Ciloto was hold (January 1969), with the following results :a. BCG vaccination without prior tuberculin test to children of 0-14 years of age.b. Case finding and treatment to those with sputum â€afb†positive.c. Health education to the people.In Pelita I priority was given to BCG vaccination with a target of 55 million of which a 75% coverage will be expected particularly in Java and Bali.For Pelita II BCG vaccination policy will be changed. To achieve a more realistic target and to have the most susceptible (high risk) ages vaccinated, every child should have a recent BCG vaccination before entering puberty and to vaccinate children early in life, 0-1 year. Only primary vaccination will be done during Pelita II while revaccination will be performed in Pelita III. As performers will be the smallpox vaccinators in a simultaneous vaccination programme with other vaccines.Case finding and treatment, and Health education will be improved in Pelita II because the health infra structure (organization) and community participation was below expectation in Pelita I; it will be integrated into the existig health activities. Treatment will only be given to patients with bacteriologically confirmed sputum, and free of charge.
The Problem of Diarrhoeal Disease Children
Michael Gracey
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.1-5
In Western Austnalia, diarrheal disease in Aboriginal children found inhalf cases of malnutrition, sugar intolerance in 25% of patients and approximately 50% showed high rates of infection and infestation. The most commonly isolated are Giardia lamblia, Enteropathogenic E. Coli, Salmonellaea and Shigellae.The mortality rate of diarrhoeal disease is maro than 5%, which is severaltimes than white children. The cause of death are hypokalemia, hypoglycaemia, delayed rehydration treatment, the high incidence of malnutrition and sugar intolerance.To improve and solving the problem the prime aim should be preventionby upgrading many factors including maternal nutrition, promotion of breast feeding, standard of living, nutritional and hygiene education and related socioeconomic condition, the availability of skilled medical and nursing facilities.
The "Rose System" in Overcoming the Second Cholera Outbreak in Jakarta from May 25-30, 1976
Adnan S. Wiharta;
R. Sutejo
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.6-10
1.a. During a short cholena outbreak in Jakarta frnom 25th May to 30th May, 1976, 70 children aged from 6 months to 13 years suffering from acute diarrhoea and dehydration, shock or pre-shock were admitted to the provisional Rehydnation Cetntre in the outpatient section of the Departmernt of Child Heatth, University of Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.b. None died.c. 71.9% of the stool specimens from 32 patients revealed Vibrio Cholera El Tor Ogawa type.2. The methodology used was the so-called "ROSE" system :a. Rehydration with ringer's lactate solution.b. Oralyte in boiled water given ad libi·tum.c. Oralyte solution and intravenous solution given Simultaneously.d. Education to the parents on the importance of giving oralyte solution ad libitum.3. This paper dealt with the second success of the Rose system in facing a cholera outbreak.
Problems and Solution of Malabsorption Syndrome in Indonesia
Suharjono Suharjono;
Sunoto Sunoto;
Aswitha Budiarso;
Titut S. Pusponegoro;
W.A.F.J. Tumbelaka
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.11-6
I. Problems of malabsorption syndrome in developing countries like lndonesia are associated especially with :(1) Protein Calorie Malnutrition(2) Low Birth Weight(3) Gastroenteritis(4) Post bowel surgery(5) Being unused to drink milk after weaning.They show a big difference with those in developed countries where they usually are correlated with a.o. coeliac disease, cystic fibrosis, etc.II. Solving the problems :a. Since in diarrhoeal patients, with or without PCM, sugar intolerance and or fat malabsorption usually occur, a formula consisting of low or freelactose with easily absorbable fats i.e. MCT or UFA, might be the best solution as a refeeding regimen.b. Besides treating the malabsorption syndrome, other measures are much more important i.e correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance and treatment of predisposing condition.
Recent Advances in the Indonesian Paediatric Gastroenterology
Suharjono Suharjono;
Sunoto Sunoto;
Aswitha Budiarso;
W.A.F.J. Tumbelaka;
Michael Gracey
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.17-23
Recent advances in the Indonesian Paediatric Gastroenterology have been presented in the 4 following headings and conclusions :(1)'ROSE' system as the principle of treatment of diarrhoea, which is proven to be effective and gives an excellent result in reducing the case fatality rate of acute gastroenteritis, especially cholera.(2) MCT and low lactose containing formula in low birth weight infants gives good to excellent results in improving fat malabsoprtion, ceasing the diarrhoea and increase of body weight.(3} The preliminary study in malnourished Indonesian children has shown that the paediatric enterotest duodenal capsule can be used to study the upper intestinal microflora. It is useful in studying the human intestinal microflora in places where radiologic examination is not available and can easily be used in field studies.(4) The presesent report is the first study to document duovirus shown electron microscopically as virus particles in faecal specimens from children in Indonesia where malnutrition and diarrhoea remain important problems.
Renogram in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
I.G.N. Wila Wirya;
H. Alatas;
T. Tambunan;
R. Sadeli;
S. Budiman;
E. Wijaya
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.31-9
Fifty children with nephrotic syndrome, aged 3 to 13 years, were studied for renogram patterns. Twenty-one cases had normal renograms; one case with bilateral and one with unilateral renal function. Seven cases showed bilateral renal impairment in both secretion and excretion phases. Impairment of excretion phase was found in 12 cases bilaterally and 8 unilaterally. None of them showed abnormality in the secretion phase alone. Eighteen out of 29 cases with abnormal renograms were studied further in remission states. The second renogram of these cases showed improvement to normal in 13 cases, two other cases still had impairment in the secretion and excretion phases, and the remaining 3 cases showed only impairment in the excretion phase. Ten healthy children as control had normal renograms. The correlation of clinical/laboratory findings and abnormal renograms patterns was discussed. Further studies on the use and limitation of the renograms in nephrotic syndrome in children are needed.
Pulmonary Hypertension, Hypereosinophilia and Filariasis
Bambang Madiyono;
Dede Kusmana;
Otty W. Sonityo;
O.J. Rachman
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.51-7
Reports have been made on three cases of pulmonary hypertension, hypereosinophilia with filariasis as the possible cause. Considering the Indonesian geographical location, it would be reasonable enough to perform further studies on hypereosinophilia cases. The possibity of filarial infestation is to be taken also into consideration. This condition should be treated as soon as possible to prevent or to slow down the consequences of continuing cardiovascular changes.
Hodgkin's Disease
Darfioes Basir;
Inda D. Arif;
Moeslichan S.
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 1-2 (1978): January - February 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.58-66
A case of Hodgkin's disease in an 8-year-old Indonesian boy is presented. The treatment was stanted 2½ years after the first onset of the symptoms,consisting of vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisone. It seemed that this combination gave good results; after 12 weeks of treatment the lymphnodes disappeared and no new swellings developed. Despite the good results, continuous observation is necessary.
Attitude and Knowledge of the Parents of Neonates admitted with Tetanus Neonatorum
S. Dibjosubroto;
M. Ruskandi;
M.S. Azhali
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 18 No 3-4 (1978): March - April 1978
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society
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DOI: 10.14238/pi18.3-4.1978.67-74
Knowledge and attitude of 44 parents of neonates admitted with tetanus neonatorum to the Department of Child Health, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from January 1975 through April 1976 were evaluated. Twenty-eight (63.7%) cases with tetanus neonatorum were from illiterate and elementary-school educated parents. Fourteen (31.8%) parents were aware of the mode of injection and 12 (27.3%) realized the importance of prevention of the disease; 10 (22.7%) mothers did not join prenatal care; 40 (90.9%) neonates were delivered by "peraji" (indigenous/traditional midwives) and 4 (9.1%) by midwives. The decisions which were made by the parents to choose "peraji" for the delivery and to admit their newborns with tetanus neonatorum to the hospital were found in 85% and 75% of the cases respectively.