ETERNAL(english, teaching, learning, and Research Journal)
ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning & Research Journal) is journal published by English Education Department of Educatioan and Teacher Training Faculty of Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar. It focus on english teaching, english learning, and english research.
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<![CDATA[INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ VISUAL LEARNING STYLE: LEARNERS’ AND TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ]]>
<![CDATA[Maximeliana Masela]]>;
<![CDATA[Adaninggar Septi Subekti]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A6
<![CDATA[This study aimed to investigate Indonesian undergraduate non-English department students' visual learning style and their and teachers' perspectives on the uses of visual aids to promote learning. It was conducted to fill the gap in the literature on the scarcity of empirical studies in the field of learning style in the Indonesian context despite the potentials of instruction accommodating learners' learning styles. 127 students participated in the study through a survey and descriptive analysis, this study found that the participants, in general, had a high level of visual learning style, suggesting that class instruction should provide visual media and activities reported to be effective by the participants. Four participants with the highest visual learning style levels along with three teachers of General English classes were interviewed. Through Thematic Analysis of the interview results, the study found that both the students and teachers reported that teachers used certain visual media for certain purposes, for example, pictures for brainstorming activities, videos for providing input for further discussions, and writing on the boards to explain grammar. Based on the findings, possible implications and contributions are mentioned along with limitations and possible future studies. ]]>
<![CDATA[THE STUDENTS’ EYESIGHT: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING-BASED APPLICATIONS ON ELT IN PANDEMIC ERA ]]>
<![CDATA[Andi Bulkis Maghfirah Mannong]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A14
<![CDATA[The emergence of the Covid-19 has given a significant effect that inflicted policy changes in various sectors, including in the education field. The most basic policy is changing the students’ way to learn from what is usually done in the classroom (face to face) to online learning. As this condition, the implementation of learning-based applications has a necessary role in supporting online learning, includes English Language Teaching (ELT). This study aimed to analyze the students’ experience in utilizing learning-based applications in learning English and the barriers faced by them. As for some of the applications most commonly used are Zoom, Google Meet, Google Classroom, and WhatsApp. Besides, this study was also conducted to determine which application is the most effective used in ELT during online learning. This research used descriptive quantitative, where the sample was the seventh-semester students in the English department at one of the private universities in Makassar. The data was collected used questionnaire and the data analysis technique used descriptive statistics. The result of this study showed that the use of those four applications helped the students to adapt to the pandemic condition. Besides helping students to learn English virtually, it also improves the students’ digital literacy. Although, there were some obstacles in utilizing some applications faced by them, such as limited quota, unstable network, complicated in use, and not focus during the learning process. Among the four applications above, the most effective application based on the students’ response was Whatsapp. This application helps the students to develop their language proficiency through natural interaction. Moreover, it makes the students easier in learning English as the delivery of material is systematic and structured. Students also have more time to understand the material by rereading the material that has been delivered.]]>
<![CDATA[INVESTIGATING PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS' CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN A BILINGUAL CLASS ]]>
<![CDATA[Dwiniasih Dwiniasih]]>;
<![CDATA[Farah Sukmawati Wahidah]]>;
<![CDATA[Susanto Susanto]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A4
<![CDATA[ For the decades, managing classroom becomes one of the most important topics as the concern to be developed by educational department in improving students' quality. One of them is preparing pre-service teachers by strengthening their teaching skills such as managing classroom. Therefore, this study aims to investigate pre-service teacher's classroom management and its problem faced, where observation checklist is used by other participants in reviewing forty respondents’ teaching performance. Meanwhile in supporting the second purpose; Interview is used to delve more the problem faced by pre-service teacher while managing classroom. The results reveal that the skill which is still not optimal related to the creation and maintenance of optimal learning conditions is the skill that shows response attitude because of nervous and tend to focus to the certain group or students considered comfortable. Meanwhile, skills related to the control of optimal learning conditions that is still not done optimally by the participants, namely finding and overcoming behavior that poses problems with the way of exile caused by frightened by pre-service teachers against increasingly poor or rebellious student responses. However, referring to overall indicator of classroom management skills, pre-service teacher could be categorized as having done a grade managing skills well.]]>
<![CDATA[IDENTIFYING ENGLISH LANGUAGE NEEDS OF RELIGIOUS GUIDES AT THE GENERAL PRESIDENCY OF THE GRAND MOSQUE AND PROPHET’S MOSQUE ]]>
<![CDATA[Mahmoud Aljadani]]>;
<![CDATA[Turki Alsolami]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A11
<![CDATA[This study aims at identifying English language needs for religious guides at The General Presidency of The Grand Mosque and Prophet’s Mosque. This study adopted a quantitative approach methodology using needs analysis questionnaire. The quantitative data collection instrument was a questionnaire with (51) participants. SPSS was used as the quantitative data analysis method. Findings showed that listening and speaking were the most important skills, and reading was moderately important, while writing is not important at all. Also, English is greatly rated as a tool to effectively perform their tasks in term of preaching and advising guests and pilgrims. Difficulties are embodied in lacking English language, accents, and proper religious expressions and vocabulary. This study highlights an urgent need for English for Religious Purposes. The study proposes a general guideline for a course design framework based on participants’ needs.]]>
<![CDATA[LEARNING AMID CRISIS: EFL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON ONLINE LEARNING DURING COVID-19 OUTBREAK ]]>
<![CDATA[Kasyfur Rahman]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A1
<![CDATA[This paper investigated tertiary EFL students’ overall perception of the use of fully online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. By administering a survey to 125 students of the English Language Education Program in a State Islamic University in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, using 26 items of a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale, this study unravelled students’ responses in terms of three constructs including Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Perceived Instructor Characteristics (PIC). The findings suggested that in terms of PU, even though the data mostly demonstrated neutral responses for most of the questionnaire items, the students tended to perceive online learning as to provide flexible time for their learning and foster their autonomy/independence and confidence. However, the students tended to perceive online learning as less facilitating for their understanding of subjects. In terms of PEOU, the responses reflected the students’ readiness to employ online learning as the data suggested that they possessed both the technology and the knowledge to use it. However, they tended to encounter problems when operating the technology, especially concerning the internet connection. On the other hand, these students perceived instructor characteristics as mostly positive. Therefore, online learning seemed to have not been designed to engage all students, yet seemed to be an inevitable option during the outbreak as the report from the interviews demonstrated that F2F classes were still preferred over online learning. Finally, these findings imply the need for redesigning online learning to better engage students in virtual classes.]]>
<![CDATA[READING DIGITAL TEXT AS A NEW LITERACY IN ELT: TEACHERS' PERCEPTION & PRACTICES ]]>
<![CDATA[Anita Fatimatul Laeli]]>;
<![CDATA[Slamet Setiawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Syafi'ul Anam]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A9
<![CDATA[Technological developments in the 21st-century impacted teaching and learning English. one of the impacts of this technological development is reading activities and competencies, reading experienced a phase of change from printed text to digital text. The change from Printed text to digital text requires new literacies, such as locating information and synthesizing online information. This study aims to investigate teachers' perceptions of reading digital texts in ELT. About twenty-three ELT teachers, both in junior and senior high schools around East Java, were involved in this study. An online open questionnaire was distributed to portray ELT teachers' attitudes, knowledge, and practices in reading digital text. The study reveals that all teachers have a positive attitude toward the practice of reading digital text. However, most teachers have misconceptions about knowledge and practice in implementing reading digital text activities. Surprisingly, all teachers in this study claimed that they never received a particular workshop to read digital text activities for English class. Hopefully, this study's result could contribute to the ELT curriculum in responding to the need to facilitate the new literacy in (online) reading and teacher professional development to develop teachers' reading digital text competencies. However, teachers as facilitators in classroom learning activities must recognize new literacy in online reading (especially reading digital text) to help students achieve reading competence in today's digital-based information era. ]]>
<![CDATA[ONLINE DIGITAL PLATFORMS DURING COVID-19 IN EFL CLASSES: VISUAL IMPAIRMENT STUDENT’ PERCEPTION ]]>
<![CDATA[Sitti Maryam Hamid]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A10
<![CDATA[ABSTRACT. Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the government decided to implement work and learning from home. Teachers are expected to teach online. It also applied to teaching and learning English. Thus, Google Classroom, WhatsApp, and Zoom are commonly used as online learning platforms by EFL teachers and students during pandemic. The online digital platforms are also used as the main tool to provide teaching materials not only for the sighted student but also for Visual Impairment student (VIs). The present study is aimed at investigating how Visual Impairment student (VIs) perceive utilizing Digital Platforms in online learning, the barriers VIs faced in utilizing Digital Platforms, and the kinds of Digital Platforms that appropriate for Visual Impairment student (VIs). The study involved one Visual Impairment student (low vision) in one of the private universities of Makassar, South Sulawesi. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. It analyzed using descriptive qualitative research. The results of the study showed that Visual impairment has a positive response towards Google Classroom, WhatsApp, and Zoom in understanding the content, improving the ability to use various digital platforms in learning, presenting more interesting teaching materials, selecting of Digital Platforms by English Language skill, and hindering of utilizing Digital Platform. Even though slow-speed internet connectivity, take longer, and vague learning instruction was considered to be barriers in using Digital Platforms. Besides, Zoom is a digital platform that appropriates for VIs; Zoom is a video conferencing learning platform that offers VIs an opportunity to respond in real-time and there is a recording system that records the learning process from start to finish.]]>
<![CDATA[HELPING STRUGGLING READERS TO READ: THE IMPACT OF THE CARE FOR THE NON-READERS (CRN) PROGRAM ON FILIPINO PUPILS’ READING PROFICIENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Maricel Tandoc Adapon]]>;
<![CDATA[Benjamin Baguio Mangila]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A2
<![CDATA[This study was conducted to determine the impact of the Care for the Non-Readers Program on the reading performance of struggling readers in all elementary schools of Dumingag II District, Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines during the School Year 2016-2017. Fifty teachers and 465 parents were selected as respondents of the study. It made use of the descriptive comparative method of research with the questionnaire-checklist as data-gathering instrument. Both the descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis and interpretation of data. The findings of the study revealed that both teachers and parents considered the Care for the Non-Readers Program as “Very Effective” in improving the reading performance of pupils. “Fuller Technique,” “Independent Reading,” “Directed Reading Thinking Activity,” and “Say Something” were the leading strategies applied by teachers in the implementation of the program. The majority of the pupils still belonged to the "Frustration" level. However, there was a significant improvement in pupils’ reading performance for three school years. Teachers encountered "Serious" problems in the implementation of the program, while the suggested solutions were considered as "Very Effective." Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the assessments of the two groups of respondents on the effectiveness of the CNR program.]]>
<![CDATA[INVESTIGATING THE STUDENT-TEACHER TECHNOLOGY COMPETENCY FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: DOES IT MATTER? ]]>
<![CDATA[Ismail Anas]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhmad Akhmad]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A8
<![CDATA[The availability of technological tools, the Student and Teacher Technology Competency (STTC) are the essential considerations for the effective use of technology integration in ELT. However, these three aspects are closely interrelated as the key indicators of successful teaching English with technology. This paper reports on the result of an investigation on STTC involving 6 English lecturers and 80 students across the multidisciplinary courses at a vocational higher education setting. The survey is concerned with four domains of technology competencies, they are 1) basic technology operation, 2) personal/ professional use of technology tools, 3) social, ethical, and human issues, and 4) application of technology in instruction (classroom and web-based technology in instruction). This study’s implications call for an inclusion of technological literacy skills in pre-service and in-service EFL teacher professional development programs and education.]]>
<![CDATA[STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN ANALYZING AMBIGUOUS PERSONAL REFERENCE IN WOMEN’S MURDER CLUB: THE TRIAL NOVEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Masykur Rauf]]>;
<![CDATA[Reski Amanda]]>
<![CDATA[ ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learning and Research Journal) Vol 6 No 2 (2020) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar ]]>
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DOI: 10.24252/Eternal.V62.2020.A12
<![CDATA[This research discussed students’ ability in analysing ambiguous reference in written text. The objectives of this research were to find out students’ ability, and the way of the seventh-semester students of English and Literature Department (2016) in analysing the given extracts. The Researchers used quantitative and qualitative methods for collecting and analysing data. The data source was the seventh-semester students of English and Literature Department (2016). The Researchers used paper test (close-ended and open-ended question) as the instrument to get the data. As the procedure of collecting data, the Researchers gave the students the test and the instruction to answer the test. The Researchers then collected the paper after the students answered the tests. The Researchers used Halliday and Hasan’s reference theory which focusing on personal reference. Based on the findings and discussion, the Researchers found that 1 student possessed excellent ability, 2 students got good ability, 5 students belonged to fair ability, and 2 students obtained poor ability. As the conclusion, the seventh-semester student of English and Literature Department (2016) had fair ability (67.09) in analysing ambiguous personal references. It was proved by their mean score through the paper test (multiple choice). And the Researchers also concluded that analysed the given extracts by 3 ways. Those were by the context, good sense, and guessing. It was proved by their answers got through open-ended questionnaire.]]>
