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Health Notions
ISSN : 25804936     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
"Health Notions" is a media for the publication of articles on research and review of the literature. We accept articles in the areas of health science and practice such as public health, medicine, pharmaceutical, environmental health, nursing, midwifery, nutrition, health technology, clinical laboratories, health education, and health popular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 944 Documents
The Relationship Between Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Successful Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Lactating Mothers in Panekan Community Health Center Working Area Melly Fitria Anggraini
Health Notions Vol 10, No 8 (2026): August
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

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Abstract

There is a risk of failure or discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding before infants reach six months of age, caused by low levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), or mothers' self-confidence in breastfeeding. This problem is concretely reflected in the drastic decline in exclusive breastfeeding coverage at Panekan Community Health Center. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between BSE levels and successful exclusive breastfeeding in the Panekan Community Health Center working area. This research used a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The population comprised 241 breastfeeding mothers with infants aged 6–11 months. A sample of 152 breastfeeding mothers was selected using proportional simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Likert-scale BSES-SF questionnaire and a structured exclusive breastfeeding history questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman rank correlation test (α = 0.05). The results showed that 61.8% of mothers had BSE in the high category. A total of 75.0% successfully provided full exclusive breastfeeding for six months, while 25.0% provided partial breastfeeding. The Spearman rank test produced a correlation coefficient of rs = 0.757 with a p-value = 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a strong and significant positive relationship between BSE and successful exclusive breastfeeding. It is recommended that Panekan Community Health Center integrate BSE screening at every ANC visit, accompanied by psychologically based lactation counseling for mothers with low BSE scores, reinforced by active support from husbands and families.
The Efficacy Of Couples’ Classes In Increasing Breastmilk Expression And In Preventing Breast Engorgement Amid The Pandemic Ayesha Hendriana Ngestiningrum; Nuryani Nuryani
Health Notions Vol 9, No 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

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Abstract

There are still obstacles to practicing exclusive breastfeeding. Issues often arise due to a lack of couples’ knowledge. A couple’s class during pregnancy can be a solution to this. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of a couple’s class in increasing breastmilk expression and in preventing breast engorgement. This was a quasi-experiment with post-tests and a control group design. The population consists of pregnant women in the third trimester and their husbands who live in one house and who are willing to be examined. The number of samples of each group is 25 people that were chosen through the simple random sampling technique. Intervention groups participated in an online couple class and direct guidance once in the first week of giving birth and twice more during the neonatal period. Breastmilk expression and breast engorgement prevention were measured using a checklist. The exclusive breastfeeding in the first month was analyzed using a chi-square examination. The researcher analyzed the difference in breast engorgement between the control group and the treated group using chi-square. There were differences in exclusive breastfeeding between the two groups in the first month with a significance value of  0.034. There was a difference in breast engorgement prevention between the two groups with a significance value of 0.017. The couple’s classes were effective in increasing breastmilk expression and in preventing breast engorgement. The online classes were quite effective and efficient during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Peer Pressure as the Dominant Predictor of Adolescent Promiscuity: Evidence of Ineffective Social Support Among Students Ika Nur Azizah; Sunarto Sunarto; Sulikah Sulikah; Teta Puji Rahayu
Health Notions Vol 10, No 9 (2026): September
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn100903

Abstract

Adolescent promiscuity is an increasing public health concern in Indonesia, reflected in rising cases of premarital sexual activity and unintended pregnancies. In 2025, Magetan Regency recorded 60 marriage dispensation applications, 34 of which involved unintended pregnancies. These trends highlight the need to understand psychosocial factors that may contribute to risky adolescent behavior, particularly peer pressure and social support, which are known to influence decision‑making and emotional regulation during adolescence. This study aimed to analyze the simultaneous influence of peer pressure and social support on adolescent promiscuity among students at SMK PGRI 1 Magetan. This analytical quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design with a total of 193 respondents selected through proportional random sampling in 2026. Data collection utilized three standardized instruments: the Peer Pressure Scale Questionnaire-Revised (PPSQ-R), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and The Emotional Promiscuity Scale. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square tests and binary logistic regression to determine both individual and simultaneous influences of peer pressure and social support on promiscuity behavior. The analysis showed that both peer pressure (p = 0.000) and social support (p = 0.000) had significant relationships with adolescent promiscuity behavior. Logistic regression further identified peer pressure as the most dominant factor influencing promiscuity (p = 0.000). The findings also suggest that social support did not function effectively as a protective factor, likely due to insufficient supervision or guidance within adolescents’ social environments. In conclusion, peer pressure plays a critical role in shaping adolescent promiscuity behavior, surpassing the influence of social support. The limited protective effect of social support indicates gaps in parental and school supervision. Strengthening communication, monitoring, and guidance within families and educational institutions is essential to reduce adolescents’ engagement in risky behaviors.Keywords: adolescent; peer pressure; promiscuity behavior; social support 
Cocoa Land Dynamics in Indonesia (1980–2025): A Statistical Assessment with Food System and Nutrition Implications Abdullah Al Mamun; Rozan Asyrofi Rakyan Risang Aji; Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Health Notions Vol 9, No 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn90902

Abstract

Cocoa is an important agricultural commodity in Indonesia, but its cultivated area has changed substantially over time. Identifying when a sustained decline began is important for understanding the long-term trajectory of cocoa cultivation and supporting evidence-based agricultural planning. This study aimed to examine the temporal trend in cocoa plantation area in Indonesia from 1980 to 2025, identify the onset of a statistically significant decline, and project the future trajectory of cocoa land area. Annual cocoa land-area data from 1980 to 2025 were analyzed using graphical trend assessment, linear regression, and the Mann–Kendall trend test. Linear regression was applied to the decline phase to estimate the annual rate of change and to develop trend-based projections for 2026–2030. Model performance was assessed using the coefficient of determination and prediction error measures. Cocoa plantation area increased substantially from 47,082 ha in 1980 to a historical peak of 1,774,463 ha in 2012. A sustained decline began in 2013, with the area decreasing to 1,369,441 ha by 2025, representing a 22.83% reduction from the 2012 peak. Linear regression for 2013–2025 estimated an annual decline of approximately 36,217 ha (95% CI: −40,636 to −31,797), with a strong model fit (R² = 0.966; p < 0.001). The Mann–Kendall test confirmed a strong and statistically significant downward trend (τ = −0.974; p < 0.001). Under the assumption that the historical linear trend continues, cocoa land area is projected to decline to approximately 1.16 million ha by 2030. In conclusion, Indonesia's cocoa plantation area experienced a prolonged expansion followed by a statistically significant and sustained contraction beginning in 2013. Continued decline could substantially reduce the national cocoa-growing area over the coming years. These findings support the need for timely strategies focused on plantation rehabilitation, sustainable land-use management, productivity improvement, and long-term cocoa-sector sustainability.Keywords: Cocoa plantation; Indonesia; land-use decline; temporal trend; linear regression; Mann–Kendall test; predictive modeling

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