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INDONESIA
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
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Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 1 (2025)" : 6 Documents clear
THE SIMALUNGUN CUSTOMARY INHERITANCE SYSTEM (CASE STUDY OF RAMBUNG MERAH VILLAGE, SIMALUNGUN REGENCY) Nasution, Muhammad Iqbal Hanafi; Zikri, Muhammad
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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Abstract

This study aims to examine the existence of Simalungun customary inheritance law in Rambung Merah Village within the context of Indonesia’s legal pluralism. The research method used is field research with a qualitative phenomenological and socio-empirical approach, focusing on the meaning, perceptions, and practices of the community regarding the customary inheritance system. The results show that the Simalungun customary inheritance law, which was previously normative and binding, has now transformed to become more flexible and consensus-based. This change is driven by community awareness of justice values, especially gender justice, and the development of religious moderation. The Muslim community in Rambung Merah tends to leave the customary system due to its discriminatory nature against women, instead referring to Islamic inheritance law. Meanwhile, the Christian community still allows customary inheritance if implemented through deliberation among heirs. The discussion indicates that Indonesia’s legal pluralism encourages adaptation and compromise models in applying customary inheritance law, making it relevant and in line with social developments and religious values. Thus, Simalungun customary inheritance law has not disappeared but transformed into a conditional alternative that prioritizes substantive justice and family harmony in a multicultural society..
Sistem Kewarisan Adat Simalungun (Studi Kasus Desa Rambung Merah, Kabupaten Simalungun) Nasution, Muhammad Iqbal Hanafi; Zikri, Muhammad; Wiranto, Wiranto
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji eksistensi hukum waris adat Simalungun di Desa Rambung Merah dalam konteks pluralisme hukum nasional Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dan empiris-sosiologis, yang memfokuskan pada makna, persepsi, dan praktik masyarakat mengenai sistem kewarisan adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum waris adat Simalungun, yang semula bersifat normatif dan mengikat, kini mengalami transformasi menjadi lebih fleksibel dan berbasis kesepakatan. Faktor pendorong perubahan ini adalah kesadaran masyarakat terhadap nilai keadilan, khususnya keadilan gender, serta berkembangnya moderasi beragama. Masyarakat Muslim di Desa Rambung Merah cenderung meninggalkan sistem waris adat karena dianggap diskriminatif terhadap perempuan, dan memilih hukum waris Islam sebagai acuan. Sementara masyarakat Kristen masih membuka peluang penggunaan hukum waris adat, asalkan dilaksanakan melalui musyawarah seluruh ahli waris. Diskusi menunjukkan bahwa pluralisme hukum di Indonesia mendorong munculnya model adaptasi dan kompromi dalam pelaksanaan hukum waris adat, sehingga tetap relevan dan selaras dengan perkembangan sosial serta nilai-nilai agama. Dengan demikian, hukum waris adat Simalungun tidak hilang, tetapi bertransformasi menjadi alternatif kondisional yang mengutamakan keadilan substantif dan harmoni keluarga di tengah masyarakat multikultural.
THE LAW OF BORROWED GOODS (ARIYAH) ACCORDING TO SCHOLARS ACROSS SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT Susandi, Aidil
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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This research aims to examine the Islamic legal perspective on ariyah (loan of goods) across different schools of thought. The urgency of this study lies in the need to understand the legal foundations of social cooperation, particularly regarding the often-practiced yet underexplored issue of lending items among individuals. The research employs a qualitative, descriptive-analytical method, analyzing primary hadith sources and scholarly opinions from various Islamic legal schools concerning the rules, types, pillars, and liabilities of ariyah. The findings indicate that ariyah is a permissible social contract in Islam, but its legal implications vary across schools, especially concerning the return of borrowed items and responsibility for potential damage
APPLICATION OF USHUL FIQH TO MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE AGREEMENTS VIA TELEPHONE Hasanah, Uswatun; yuslem, Nawir; Khairi, Nispul
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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The phenomenon of carrying out marriage contracts and divorces via telephone has raised debate among Muslim scholars and intellectuals regarding its legal validity according to Islamic law. This issue has become increasingly relevant in the era of globalization and the COVID-19 pandemic which limits physical meetings, thus requiring in-depth study through the perspective of ushul fiqh to provide comprehensive legal clarity. This study aims to analyze the validity of marriage contracts and divorces carried out via telephone based on the rules of ushul fiqh, identify the conditions that must be met in their implementation, and formulate practical guidelines for Muslims in dealing with situations that require the implementation of these contracts via long-distance communication media. The research method used is qualitative research with a normative legal approach, using descriptive-comparative analysis techniques. Primary data were obtained from the Qur'an, Hadith, and the opinions of classical and contemporary scholars, while secondary data came from fiqh literature, ushul fiqh, and relevant previous research. The analysis was carried out using ushul fiqh rules such as qiyas, istihsan, istislah and Sad Ad-Dzariah. The results of the study indicate that the application of ushul fiqh to marriage contracts and divorce via telephone can be considered valid on the condition that the pillars and requirements of marriage that have been determined by sharia are fulfilled, including the clarity of the identities of the parties, the presence of witnesses who can hear clearly, and the certainty that the ijab qabul really comes from the parties concerned. Divorce via telephone has a more complex level of validity, where its validity is highly dependent on the clarity of the wording, the full awareness of the husband, and the verifiability of the identity of the person pronouncing the divorce. The application of the maslahah and dharurah (emergency conditions) rules provides flexibility in special situations that require the implementation of the contract via telephone.
TA'ZIR AGAINST HUMAN SELF-EXPLOITATION BEHAVIOR SILVER, ANALYSIS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASHID SYARI'A Mardiyah, Daiyatul; Azizah, Noor
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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Silver humans, individuals who paint their entire bodies with metallic paint and appear in public spaces to beg, have become a common sight in various major cities in Indonesia. This practice not only poses health risks due to exposure to hazardous chemicals, but also raises social and legal issues. According to Article 504 of the Criminal Code, begging in public places is a criminal offense punishable by imprisonment. However, the positive legal approach focuses more on punishment than rehabilitation. This study aims to analyze the behavior of silver human exploitation from the perspective of Islamic criminal law with a focus on ta'zir sanctions and the principles of maqashid syari'ah. The research method used is a normative approach with qualitative analysis of fiqh literature, maqashid syari'ah, and relevant laws and regulations. The results of the study found that the behavior of silver human exploitation is contrary to the five main objectives of sharia: protecting religion (hifz al-din), life (hijz al-nafs), reason (hifz al-'aql), offspring (hifz al-nasl), and property (hifz al-mal). Therefore, imposing ta'zir sanctions that are educational and rehabilitative in nature is more appropriate for creating public interest than simply imposing imprisonment as stipulated in the Criminal Code. This study emphasizes the importance of synergy between positive law and Islamic criminal law in formulating policies that protect perpetrators while maintaining public order.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DETECTING DIVORCE RISK THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA DATA: ETHICAL ANALYSIS AND FIQH PERSPECTIVES Harahap, Hasbiah Tunnaim
AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana UIN Sumatera Utara Medan

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Abstract

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has created new opportunities for large-scale data analysis, including data derived from social media. One of its emerging applications is the use of AI to identify potential divorce risks through couples’ digital interaction patterns. This study aims to examine the role of AI in detecting divorce risks based on social media data, while also considering digital ethics and Islamic jurisprudence perspectives. The research employs a qualitative, multidisciplinary approach involving literature review, normative analysis, and Islamic legal studies. The findings suggest that AI can make a positive contribution to divorce prevention efforts and the formulation of social policies. Nevertheless, several ethical challenges must be addressed, including issues of privacy, potential data misuse, and violations of individual rights. From the standpoint of Islamic jurisprudence, the application of this technology must align with key principles of Sharia, such as the prohibition of tajassus (spying), the protection of honor and dignity (ḥifẓ al-‘irḍ), and the pursuit of public benefit (maṣlaḥah). Therefore, integrating AI into socio-religious issues requires a clear ethical and legal framework to ensure conformity with Islamic values and applicable legal norms.

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