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INDONESIA
Emerging Science Journal
Published by Ital Publication
ISSN : 26109182     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 30 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August" : 30 Documents clear
Exploring the Relationship Between Stress, Burnout, and Occupational Accidents in Civil Construction Tran, Anh Viet; Tran, Hung Van; Luong, Trung Thanh; Nguyen, Tuong N. C.
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-019

Abstract

This study investigates the factors influencing work-related stress, burnout, and occupational accidents in the civil construction sector. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Measurement scales for stress, fatigue, and occupational accidents were reviewed, translated, and adapted from prior studies to suit the context of construction workers. A total of 275 questionnaires were distributed, with 269 valid responses analyzed using SmartPLS (ver 3.2.8). Data analysis encompassed evaluating the validity and reliability of scales and exploring the relationships among key concepts in the research model. The findings highlight the significant influence of job attributes, co-worker relationships, and work environment on work-related stress. These factors trigger psychological changes that exacerbate worker fatigue and contribute to increased occupational accident rates. Novel insights emphasize the interdependence of these elements in shaping worker behavior and safety outcomes. The study provides a foundation for developing targeted strategies to mitigate stress and fatigue, reduce occupational hazards, and promote well-being among construction workers. By offering an integrated analysis, this research contributes to advancing the understanding of safety management practices in the construction industry.
Nonlinear and Heterogeneous Effect of Digitalization on Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Developing Countries Ho, Thi Lam; Ngoc, Le Hong; Ho, Thu Hoai
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-011

Abstract

This study aims to clarify whether digitalization has a nonlinear and heterogeneous effect on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in developing countries. We employ data from the period 2002–2023 and apply various econometric methods, including System Generalized Method of Moments (S-GMM), Dynamic Panel Threshold Regression (DTPR), and Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR), to address the research question. The findings report an inverted U-shaped relationship between digitalization and FDI. Specifically, the effect of digitalization on FDI changes across different levels of digitalization. Initially, digitalization positively affects FDI, but beyond a certain threshold, its impact turns negative. This indicates that the benefits of digitalization for FDI are not unlimited but may be constrained by the risks and costs associated with excessive digital infrastructure expansion. Additionally, the MMQR analysis shows a heterogeneous effect of digitalization on FDI. Digitalization has a stronger impact on FDI at lower quantiles. However, as a country's development level increases, the effectiveness of digitalization in attracting FDI gradually diminishes. Policymakers need to identify and maintain an optimal level of digitalization to promote FDI. This requires not only investment in digital infrastructure but also in supporting factors such as improved governance quality and the development of legal frameworks to ensure a stable and conducive economic environment for FDI. Moreover, flexible policies tailored to different country or regional groups are necessary to maximize the benefits of digitalization without triggering negative impacts on long-term economic development.
Alternative Method for Calculating Service Level Agreements for Internet Access Services in Rural Areas Edward, Ian Josef Matheus; Situmorang, Hamonangan; Fajrin, Noer; Alfarobby, Daffa F.; Royyan, Aulia; Nur Muhammad, Jabar
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-016

Abstract

Indonesia faces significant challenges in providing equitable internet access, particularly in remote areas. To address these challenges, the government collaborates with private Internet Service Providers (ISPs) under Service Level Agreements (SLAs) that define key service metrics, such as uptime and response time. Network Management System A (NMS A), managed by the government, handles telecommunications infrastructure, while NMS B, operated by the private ISP, delivers the internet services. A critical challenge in assessing SLA performance is distinguishing between service disruptions caused by network issues and those caused by power outages. This study proposes an SLA calculation method that prioritizes uptime data from NMS A, reflecting the government's perspective. If NMS A’s data is unavailable, UPS data is used as an alternative. NMS B’s data is considered only if its correlation with NMS A is strong (≥0.6). Additionally, the study classifies downtime: link failures exceeding 300 seconds require compensation (restitution). Downtime less than or equal to 300 seconds is considered non-restitution, and no compensation is needed. Power outages are considered non-restitution events, as they stem from external factors beyond the service provider's control. This method has been tested in over 1,000 locations, proving its reliability and adaptability for fair, transparent SLA evaluations.
Optimization of nSiO2-Filled RTV Silicone Rubber Coatings for Enhanced High Voltage Outdoor Insulator Performance Nalendra, Agustinus D.; Rachmawati; Alifianda, Aulia R.; Permatasari, Fitri A.; Suwarno
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-025

Abstract

This paper presents the experimental results of leakage current testing on nanosilica (nSiO₂)-filled room-temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber (SiR) coatings for outdoor insulators. Nanosilica composition is prepared based on the optimization results of surface hydrophobicity, surface resistivity, and relative permittivity of the RTV SiR matrix with varying nSiO2 contents. The study found that the insulator with a 4 wt.% nSiO₂-filled RTV SiR coating had the highest surface resistivity, better hydrophobicity, and higher permittivity compared to the unfilled RTV SiR coating. Leakage current tests are performed under several conditions (dry, clean fog, and salt fog) to evaluate the insulation characteristics of the modified RTV SiR coating applied on an actual high-voltage insulator. The results indicate that the 4 wt.% nSiO2-filled RTV SiR-coated insulator significantly reduces the leakage current magnitude and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) when compared to that of the uncoated as well as to that of unfilled RTV SiR-coated insulators. Under all fog conditions, the 4 wt.% nSiO2-filled RTV SiR-coated insulator with a polluted surface showed the smallest leakage current THD percentage of all insulator samples. Additionally, the cross product of the leakage current magnitude and THD is also calculated to determine the condition of the insulator. The cross-product results show that the 4 wt.% nSiO₂-filled RTV SiR-coated insulator is more effective at reducing it under dry conditions, with a reduction range of 68%–81% compared to the uncoated isolator and 70%–77% compared to the unfilled RTV SiR-coated isolator. This study shows the effectiveness of RTV silicone rubber coating material with nSiO2 filler particles in reducing the magnitude of leakage current and harmonics in polluted environments.
Empoasca Pest Attack Classification on Tea Plantations Using Multispectral Imaging and Deep Learning Kurniawan, Bella K.; Suratman, Fiky Y.; Fauziah, Fani; Vidyaningtyas, Hurianti; Saputri, Desti M.; Pramudita, Aloysius A.
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-04

Abstract

This study aims to enhance the management of Empoasca pests in tea cultivation, a critical sector for Indonesia’s economy, by developing an innovative detection method. The challenge of pest infestations may significantly reduce tea production yields, and the misuse of chemical pesticides further compromises tea quality. We propose a novel approach that integrates multispectral imaging with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), specifically employing ResNet-50 and AlexNet architectures to accurately detect Empoasca infestations. We begin with the data collection process, followed by the development of the preprocessing model and evaluation of its performance. We classify tea leaves affected by Empoasca pests using spectral data obtained from a multispectral camera operating across Green, NIR (Near Infrared), REG (Red Edge), and RED channels. We evaluated various spectral channels and identified the green spectrum as the most effective for revealing visual characteristics, such as curled leaves associated with Empoasca damage. Experimental results demonstrated that ResNet-50 outperformed AlexNet, achieving a remarkable accuracy of 99% on the green channel, while AlexNet showed notable accuracy declines on other channel combinations. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the green spectrum and the superiority of ResNet-50 in achieving precise pest detection, offering a reliable technological solution for modern tea plantation management.
Gradient Descent Decision Tree Algorithm and Nonlinear Programming for Credit Risk Assessment and Credit Strategy Chen, Guoqing; Chutiman, Nipaporn; Suraphee, Sujitta; Volodin, Andrei; Busababodhin, Piyapatr
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-05

Abstract

This research aimed to develop a scientific and accurate credit risk assessment model for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to support banks in credit decision-making. An improved decision tree model is proposed by integrating regularization to control complexity and employing an ensemble learning approach to enhance prediction accuracy. Multiple weak classifiers are iteratively refined using gradient descent optimization to form a robust, strong classifier. The model is trained through supervised learning, with the default probability of SMEs as the objective function, enabling a quantitative assessment of credit risk. The findings show that the proposed gradient descent decision tree algorithm achieves an AUC of 0.99 under 70% and 80% training set ratios, outperforming Adaptive Boosting (AUC = 0.97), Random Forest (AUC = 0.91), and traditional decision trees (AUC = 0.82). To further optimize bank loan strategies, this paper constructs a nonlinear multi-objective programming model that maximizes expected loan returns while considering risk constraints. The proposed approach not only improves credit risk prediction but also assists banks in formulating optimal lending strategies. This study advances credit risk modelling by integrating regularization and ensemble learning, offering a novel and practical solution for SME credit assessment.
Sustainability Transformation: Leadership, Innovation, and Strategic Flexibility Improve Sustainability Performance Hidayat, Rahmat; Komarudin; Wibowo, Setyo F.; Sorongan, Fangky A.
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-09

Abstract

This study investigates how sustainability leadership impacts sustainability performance through strategic flexibility and sustainability innovation, which function as the mediators. This study collected data from 200 respondents using purposive sampling and 6-point Likert scale questionnaires. The data were subsequently analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings confirm that sustainability leadership significantly and positively impacts sustainability performance through strategic flexibility and innovation. Additionally, data analysis revealed that sustainability leadership has a positive and significant impact on strategic flexibility and sustainability innovation. This study highlights the unique aspect of the Indonesian mining sector. It has not received extensive examination regarding sustainability and sustainability leadership as systems thinking that requires the perspective of interdependent structures and adaptability to changes. Strategic flexibility, as an organization's capability to adapt to changes reactively and proactively, is crucial to the organization's effort to create sustainability innovation to ensure sustainability performance.
The Impact of Innovation-Driven Digital Transformation on Export Performance of SMEs Tran, The Tuan; Tran, Khanh; Tho, Do Thi
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-03

Abstract

This study uses quantitative research methods to analyze the impact of innovation-driven digital transformation on the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam. Data was collected from 403 valid responses from exporting enterprises and analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM). The factors considered include management capacity, corporate culture, competitive pressure, enterprise resources, and government support. Digital transformation was identified as an intermediary variable between these factors and export performance. The research results indicate that digital transformation directly and significantly impacts export performance (β = 0.523, p < 0.01). At the same time, management capacity (β = 0.296, p < 0.01) and competitive pressure (β = 0.295, p <0.01) are important factors promoting the digital transformation process, while enterprise resources (β = 0.274, p < 0.01) and enterprise culture (β = 0.145, p < 0.01) also positively support it. Despite having a lower impact, government support (β = 0.118, p < 0.01) still encourages enterprises to apply digital technology. The study provides practical insights for policymakers and businesses to optimize digital transformation strategies, emphasizing the need for more substantial managerial capabilities and competitive adaptability. Unlike previous research, this study highlights corporate culture and competitive pressure as crucial factors shaping digital transformation in Vietnam’s export sector. Based on the results, the study proposes solutions to enhance competitiveness and export efficiency for small and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam.
Impact of Technologically Vigilant Leadership on Smart Sustainable Circular Supply Chain Management Huy, Pham Quang; Phuc, Vu Kien
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-07

Abstract

The main aim of this study is to explore how technologically vigilant leadership (TVL) impacts on smart sustainable circular supply chain management (SSCSCM) in the context of Industry 6.0. This is accomplished by analyzing the mediating effect of the digital environment management accounting system (DEMA) in the relationship between TVL and SSCSCM. This research evaluated the proposed model using two distinct statistical methods within the framework of structural equation modelling, which facilitated the assessment of both linear and non-linear correlations among the constructs. The data was obtained from a sample of respondents employed in small and medium enterprises. Linear relationships were analyzed using SmartPLS, whereas non-linear relationships were examined with WarpPLS. In both instances, the influence of TVL on SSCSCM was significant and positive, as demonstrated by CB-SEM in SmartPLS 4.1.0.9 and PLS-SEM in WarpPLS 7.0. Furthermore, DEMA partially mediated the relationship between TVL and SSCSCM. The current investigation is one of the few that provides conclusive evidence on the impact of TVL on SSCSCM. Also, it offers new insights by highlighting that DEMA partially mediates the relationship between TVL and SSCSCM. These profound insights would provide guidance for practitioners and policymakers in developing improved TVL mechanisms to leverage the advantages of DEMA and thereby strengthen SSCSCM.
Structural Equation Modeling of Factors Affecting Accountability-Based Accounting in Public Sector Entities Hien, Nguyen Thi Thu; Hai, Phan Hong; Bui, Thi Thu Thao; Tuan, Dang Anh
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-04-023

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to identify factors influencing accountability-based accounting and propose a conceptual framework for public-sector accounting to enhance decision-making and accountability. Methods/Analysis: Conducted in Vietnam in 2023, the research employs quantitative analysis of survey data collected from 492 civil servants across 282 public entities, using SmartPLS for structural equation modeling. Findings: There are significant positive correlations between accountability-based accounting and four key factors: accrual-based accounting, felt accountability, information disclosure, and financial report quality. Among these, accrual-based accounting exerts the most substantial direct influence on the use of accounting information for accountability purposes. Felt accountability demonstrates direct and indirect effects, mediating relationships between other factors. The study highlights that effective accountability requires account givers to align with account holders’ needs, legitimacy, and expertise, while accrual-based accounting must prioritize improving user comprehension and usability of information. Novelty/Improvement: Transparency and publicity are critical for ensuring public-sector accounting information is reliable, relevant, and actionable. The proposed framework advances public-sector accounting theory by integrating accountability as a foundational principle, offering practical guidance for policymakers to strengthen accountability mechanisms. This research contributes a novel perspective by empirically validating the interplay of accounting components within an accountability-centric model, providing a basis for future conceptual and regulatory developments in public sector.

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