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Emerging Science Journal
Published by Ital Publication
ISSN : 26109182     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Emerging Science Journal is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering and sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering and sciences. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 874 Documents
The Complementary Effect between Private Consumption and Government Spending: Effect on the Economy Kida Nakije
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2021): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-01292

Abstract

This paper analyzes the relationship between final consumption and government spending, using the correlation and linear regression model. The objective of the research is whether government expenditures are complementary, substitute, or not related to private consumption to give positive effects on the economy. Methodology, quantitative secondary data were obtained from the World Bank, for five countries and processed with SPSS, 21. The empirical analysis was verified through, Bivariate and Partial correlation and normality test. The Result, first, shows that government spending complements and replaces final consumption. Second, it is also confirmed that even when interacting with other variables, the complementary effect of final consumption is not eliminated despite the shocks coming from government spending. Third, by adding other variables to the model, the issue of complementarity and substitutability of the two main variables is not lost. As a result, findings, confirm that private consumption (InCt) and government spending (InGt), Gross Savings (GS), and per capita income (GDPpc), are in statistically significant and positive relationships with each other. The novelty of the paper is, government expenditures cause an increase in private consumption is to high value, showing the complementary effect of government expenditures on private consumption. Based on health expenditures, education, public order, internet provided by the state have increased the demand of families for these services, causing an increase in the share of services provided by the private sector.JEL Classification: E21; H5; E2; R0. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01292 Full Text: PDF
Integration of Next Generation IIoT with Blockchain for the Development of Smart Industries Aamir Iqbal; Mohammad Amir; Vinod Kumar; Aftab Alam; Mohammad Umair
Emerging Science Journal Vol 4 (2020): Special Issue "IoT, IoV, and Blockchain" (2020-2021)
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-SP1-01

Abstract

In modern era, a wide range of smart industries is being focus on automation-based applications. Various technologies are rapidly implementing in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for manufacturing sectors that helping to achieve advanced schedule production framework and on time delivery of products. The integration of IIoT platforms with the blockchain are challenging service in manufacturing system. The primary objective of this article is to characterize various issues and challenges that are implementing IIoT and blockchain in industries. The proposed work is an integration of IIoT and blockchain in industrial processes for solving the security issues in real-time. Also, identifying various enablers of blockchain and issues of IIoT from smart industries manufacturing using a survey tool is formed in the form of questionnaire. Based on these responses Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique has been implemented for categorizing these challenges into cause and effect. In this paper, we introduce the general layout with their key issues and challenges of IIoT and blockchain that signifies the safety requirements to design the IIoT and blockchain. Further, we describe how IIoT can be integrated to the blockchain for smart Industrial applications. Finally, various recommendations are the proposed to upcoming IIoT and blockchain developments. The proposed work will be highly beneficial for the smart industries to develop a next generation IIoT and blockchain based framework.
Effect of Admixtures on Durability Characteristics of Fly Ash Alkali-activated Material Lukáš Procházka; Jana Boháčová
Emerging Science Journal Vol 4, No 6 (2020): December
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-01247

Abstract

This paper deals with the possibility of partial replacement of blast furnace slag with fly ash and fly ash after denitrification by SNCR method in alkali-activated materials based on granulated blast furnace slag. The aim of this paper is to verify the effect of fly ash on properties of alkali-activated materials based on blast furnace granulated slag. Frost resistance and resistance to aggressive environments, represented by demineralized water were tested. The reference mixture was based on blast furnace granulated slag activated by sodium water glass with silicate modulus of 2. Mixtures with an ash content of 10, 20, and 30% were then compared with the reference mixture. The influence of the denitrification process on fly ash and its use in mixed alkali activated materials was also compared. As a part of the experiment, alkali-activated pastes were also prepared. Infrared spectroscopy with Furier transformation was subsequently determined on these pastes. The reference mixture achieved the highest compressive strength in the experiment and the strength decreased with increasing amount of fly ash. In terms of flexural strength, the highest values were reached for mixtures with 10% slag replacement by fly ash. In the case of frost resistance, the significant increase of flexural strength, which was 50% for the reference mixture, is particularly interesting. For compressive strength, the frost resistance coefficient ranged from 0.95 to 1.00. In the case of resistance to aggressive environments, no differences were observed in the compressive strength, on the other hand, flexural strength decrease of up to 20% was detected for 10 and 20 percent replacement of slag with fly ash that did not undergo denitrification. Monitored properties did not show any negative effect of the denitrification process on fly ash properties. Infrared spectroscopy identified the main hydration product in the region of 945 cm-1which is a C-(A)-S-H gel and in combined mixtures with fly ash also N-A-S-H gel. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01247 Full Text: PDF
Impact of Social Media on the Development of New Products, Marketing and Customer Relationship Management in Kosovo Rrezarta Gashi; Hana Gashi Ahmeti
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2021): April
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-01263

Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of social media in the development of enterprises, and in particular the development of new products, and highlight the role of social media in customer relations, where the development of a new product is one of the most important elements for an enterprise. For the realization of this paper, a special questionnaire was used, where its structure was divided into three parts, where in the first part are presented the demographic questions, in the second part are the questions related to the use of social media, as and the third part includes questions related to the productivity of products and the enterprise in general. Participants in this paper were 350 companies. The paper results are presented through descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and regression. Based on the results of this paper, we can say that Kosovar companies through social media establish relationships with their customers and keep them informed, which also greatly influences the development of new products, as well as organizational performance. Also what is noticed in this paper is the enterprises have managed to improve the quality of products through the study of customer feedback. The results also show that the use of social media to create relationships with customers and inform them, statistically affect the organizational performance and product success of Kosovo enterprises. The results also show that social media have an impact on organizational performance, the success of the company, close customer relationships, and timely information. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01263 Full Text: PDF
Vertical Characteristics of Raindrops Size Distribution over Sumatra Region from Global Precipitation Measurement Observation Ravidho Ramadhan; . Marzuki; . Harmadi
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2021): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-01274

Abstract

The climatology of the vertical profile of raindrops size distribution (DSD) over Sumatra Region (10° S – 10° N, 90° E – 110° E) has been investigated using Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) level 2 data from January 2015 to June 2018. DSD's vertical profile was observed through a vertical profile of corrected radar reflectivity (Ze) and two parameters of normalized gamma DSD, i.e., mass-weight mean diameter (Dm) and total drops concentration (Nw). Land-ocean contrast and rain type dependence of DSD over Sumatra were clearly observed. The values of Dm and Nw were larger in the land than in the ocean. Negative and positive gradients of Dm toward the surface were dominant during stratiform and convective rains, respectively, consistent with the Z gradient. Moreover, the negative gradient of stratiform rain in the ocean is larger than in land. Thus, the depletion of large drops is dominant over the ocean, which is due to the break-up process that can be observed from the increase of Nw. Raindrop growth of convective rains is more robust over the ocean than land that can be seen from a larger value of Dmgradient. The BB strength is slightly larger over land and coastal region than over the ocean, indicating that the riming process is more dominant over land and coastal regions than the ocean. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01274 Full Text: PDF
The Influence of Optimism Bias on Time and Cost on Construction Projects Aaron Chadee; Salisha R. Hernandez; Hector Martin
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5, No 4 (2021): August
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-01287

Abstract

The unresolved scholarly debate to curtail cost and time performances in projects has led to alternate solutions, departing from the dominant technical school of thought to include concepts from behavioural sciences. In this paper, we consider the psychological effect, namely optimism bias, as one of the root causes for delays in cost overruns on projects. The research objectives were to determine the level of bias among project participants, rank time and cost overrun causes according to the participants’ bias score and establish a mitigation strategy to curb potential delays and cost overrun impacts based on the bias scores obtained. A literature survey was conducted to determine causal factors contributing to delays and cost overruns linked to optimism bias. Through a pilot survey of three semi-structured interviews, eighty factors obtained from the literature survey were reduced to 24 critical delay and cost overrun factors relevant to Trinidad and Tobago. A questionnaire was subsequently developed seeking construction professionals to rate their bias scores based on an 11-point Likert scale. The research confirms that project planners and decision-makers exhibit moderate levels of optimism bias; however, participants lacked awareness of the impact of optimism bias on projects outcomes. Project location, environmental impacts and historic preservation, and labour disputes are the top three critical factors where project professionals displayed increased optimistic tendencies. It is proposed that contingency “time window” and reference class forecasting be implemented as control mechanisms to mitigate the impacts of time and cost overruns on projects. This research introduces a novel method to account for and measure optimism bias on construction projects. This study adds knowledge into delays and cost overruns causation and provides a foundation for future studies on quantifying psychological effects on projects and enhancing overall project management practices. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01287 Full Text: PDF
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian Treatment of Stark Effect in Quantum Mechanics Randal Hallford; Preet Sharma
Emerging Science Journal Vol 4, No 6 (2020): December
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2020-01242

Abstract

The Non-Hermitian aspect of Quantum Mechanics has been of great interest recently. There have been numerous studies on non-Hermitian Hamiltonians written for natural processes. Some studies have even expressed the hydrogen atom in a non-Hermitian basis. In this paper the principles of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics is applied to both the time independent perturbation theory and to the time dependant theory to calculate the Stark effect. The principles of spherical harmonics has also been used to describe the development in the non-Hermitian case. Finally, the non-Hermitian aspect has been introduced to the well known Stark effect in quantum mechanics to find a condition in which the Stark effect will still be true even if a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is used. This study completes the understanding at a fundamental level to understand the well known Stark effect. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2020-01242 Full Text: PDF
Mathematical Modelling of the Relationship between Two Different Temperament Classifications: During the Covid-19 Pandemic Mohammed Aref Abdul Rasheed; Murtaza M. Junaid Farooque; Haridas S. Acharya; Mohammed Sharique A. Quadri
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2021): February
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-01258

Abstract

In medicine, it is well known that healthy individuals have different physical and mental characteristics. Ancient Indian medicine, Ayurveda and the Persian-Arabic traditional Unani medicine has two distinct approaches for the classification of human subjects according to their temperaments. The individual temperament is an important foundation for personalized medicine, which can help in the prevention and treatment of many diseases including COVID-19. This paper attempts to explore the relationship of the utmost important concepts of these systems called individual temperament named as Prakruti in Ayurveda and Mizaj in Unani practice using mathematical modelling. The results of mathematical modelling can be adopted expediently for the development of algorithms that can be applied in medical informatics. For this, a significant literature review has been carried out. Based on the previous researchers' reviews the essential parameters have been identified for making the relationship and hypothesis were framed. The mathematical modelling was adopted to propose the existence of the relationship between the parameters of such an ancient and rich medicine systems. The hypotheses are validated through the mathematic driven model. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01258 Full Text: PDF
Teamwork during the COVID-19 Pandemic Daniel Lajčin; Dáša Porubčanová
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5 (2021): Special Issue "COVID-19: Emerging Research"
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-01

Abstract

The essential of presented paper is human resource management, especially the concept of teamwork in home office conditions, for which both the state and the private sector of the Czech Republic were not used before the declaring a state emergency to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The presented paper has a classical structuring of the scientific paper, it is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part of the paper is based on a critical analysis of relevant information sources, which we have chosen with regard to the topic of the paper and the timeliness of the information provided in the information source. To synthesize and generalize the outputs of the critical analysis of information sources, we used a procedure from general to specific. In the empirical part of the presented paper we apply the information obtained to teams from the private sector and teams from the public sector. Using a questionnaire survey, we compare these two groups of teams in the areas of the concept of teamwork, team functionality, team management by its leader and motivation to perform in the context of the preparedness of the analyzed teams for home office. We found that greater negativity of teamwork as less productivity, or more demanding communication, is perceived by people from a private sector. Increased work from home in the private sector has improved communication and, in the public sector, work efficiency. In public sector, there is more frequent work control and feedback. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SPER-01 Full Text: PDF
Design of Tat Twam Asi-Discrepancy Evaluation Model Based on TOPSIS in Determining the Improvement Priority Aspect Dewa Gede Hendra Divayana; Agus Adiarta; P. Wayan Arta Suyasa
Emerging Science Journal Vol 5, No 3 (2021): June
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/esj-2021-01285

Abstract

This research aimed to provide information about the existence of the new evaluation model in the field of education. The intended evaluation model is called the Tat Twam Asi-Discrepancy evaluation model based on TOPSIS. This model serves to determine the dominant aspects become improvement priority, so later it can trigger the effectiveness of blended learning implementation. The method was used in this research was a development method using the Borg and Gall model, which only focused on the design development stage. Subjects were involved in the initial trials of the evaluation model design were four experts and 30 respondents to conducted simulation trials of TOPSIS calculation. The tools were used to conducted preliminary trials toward the evaluation model design and simulation trials of calculations were questionnaires. Analysis of the initial trial results toward the model design was done by comparing the quality percentage of the test results with the percentage of quality standards that refer to the eleven’s scale. Analysis of the simulation test results of the TOPSIScalculation was done by comparing the effectiveness percentage of the test results with the percentage of effectiveness standards that refer to the five’s scale. The results of this research indicate this evaluation model is highly qualified and effective is used to determine the most dominant evaluation aspect to become an improvement priority to realize the effectiveness of blended learning implementation. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01285 Full Text: PDF

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