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Belitung Nursing Journal
ISSN : 2528181x     EISSN : 24774073     DOI : -
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BNJ contributes to the advancement of evidence-based nursing, midwifery and healthcare by disseminating high quality research and scholarship of contemporary relevance and with potential to advance knowledge for practice, education, management or policy. BNJ welcomes submissions of evidence-based clinical application papers, original research, systematic review, case studies, perspectives, commentaries, letter to editor and guest editorial on a variety of clinical and professional topics.
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Articles 13 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June" : 13 Documents clear
Factors influencing quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study in South Korea Park, Hye-Ryeon; Park, So-Yeon
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3701

Abstract

Background: The promotion of quality of life for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus enables them to achieve physical, psychological, and social development. Improving quality of life positively influences their well-being in adulthood. Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Data were collected from April 2022 to February 2023. The quality of life of 146 adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus was analyzed. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0, with t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes was significantly correlated with depression (r = -0.31, p <0.001) and diabetes distress (r = -0.42, p <0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified diabetes distress (β = -0.38, p <0.001) and insulin treatment (β = 0.15, p = 0.048) as factors influencing quality of life. Conclusion: Periodic education and nursing interventions to improve self-care capacity for adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus are essential for reducing diabetes distress. Additionally, it is important to promote the use of insulin pump at the national level, include expanding insurance coverage and offering personalized insulin pump education.
Factors predicting resilience among caregivers of people with chronic illness: A cross-sectional study of Thai caregivers Kummabutr, Jeeraporn; Buaboon, Natthapat; Keawsriwong, Siriluck
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3711

Abstract

Background: Millions of adults in Thailand serve as caregivers, facing significant public health challenges related to caregiver burden and well-being. Resilience is linked to better caregiver outcomes, yet the predictors of resilience are not fully understood. Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors predicting resilience among caregivers of people with chronic illness. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 172 caregivers selected through multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected between February 2020 and January 2021 using validated instruments. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple regression analysis, with significance set at p <0.05. Results: Caregiver resilience scores were within the normal range (Mean = 61.40, SD = 8.735). In bivariate analysis, 7 out of 10 variables—age, stress, self-efficacy, social support, self-esteem, attitude toward care, and family functioning—were significantly associated with caregiver resilience (p <0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that key factors significantly predicting caregiver resilience included self-esteem (β = 0.213, p<0.001), attitude toward care (β = 0.268, p <0.001), family function (β = 0.317, p <0.001), and age (β = -0.114, p = 0.037). In contrast, stress (β = -0.230, p <0.001) and knowledge (β = -0.182, p = 0.001) were negatively related to resilience, indicating that higher stress levels diminish coping abilities and that greater caregiving knowledge may contribute to emotional burden. Together, these predictors explained 56.8% of the variance in caregiver resilience (R² = 0.568), highlighting their substantial influence on caregivers’ ability to manage caregiving challenges. Conclusion: This study identifies key factors that influence caregiver resilience, particularly family support, self-esteem, and attitude toward care, while also highlighting the negative impacts of stress and age on resilience. Nurses play a crucial role in enhancing caregiver resilience by focusing on these factors through family-centered interventions, stress management programs, and psychosocial support. Strengthening these areas can significantly improve the quality of life for both caregivers and patients, leading to more effective caregiving outcomes.
Retention in HIV care among Southeast Asian people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis Maulana, Sidik; Ibrahim, Kusman; Pramukti, Iqbal; Amirah, Shakira; Hartantri, Yovita
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3719

Abstract

Background: Despite the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in reducing HIV-related morbidity and mortality, the retention of HIV care remains suboptimal in Southeast Asia. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the coverage of retention in care and the likelihood factors for retention in HIV care among Southeast Asian people living with HIV, to inform targeted interventions and policy improvements. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, this study included observational studies reporting factors associated with retention in HIV care among Southeast Asian adults, with searches conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL up to July 15, 2024. Demographic and clinical factors were analyzed using a random-effects model with the generalized linear mixed-effect model (GLLM) to estimate proportion and the DerSimonian-Laird method to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), assessing heterogeneity using the I² statistic. Results: Among the eleven studies with 46,480 pooled participants analyzed, the coverage of retention in care revealed a pooled proportion of 75.2% (95% CI: 66.7-82.1). Significant clinical factors associated with a higher likelihood of retention included high CD4 count (≥200 cells/mm³) (OR 2.17 (95%CI: 1.19-3.97, p = 0.01), WHO stage 3-4 (OR 2.06, 95%CI: 1.09-3.87, p = 0.02), not being on ART (OR 6.88, 95%CI: 1.89-25.06, p = 0.001), hemoglobin levels ≥10 g/dL (OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.25-0.99, p = 0.04), and demographic factors of employment (OR 1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.38; p = 0.03). Other clinical factors, such as HIV stage, TB co-infection, drug abuse/substance use, and hemoglobin levels, did not significantly affect the likelihood of retention. Similarly, demographic factors such as age, gender, education, marital status, and geographic setting also showed no significant impact on likelihood retention. Conclusion: Retention in care among Southeast Asian people living with HIV was still below 95%. Clinical factors, particularly high CD4 counts, WHO stage, and the absence of ART, were likelihood factors for retention in HIV care, whereas other clinical and demographic factors studied did not show a significant impact. A universal test and treatment strategy is required to improve retention in care.
Evaluating the knowledge, roles, and skills of health cadres in stunting prevention: A mixed-method study in Indonesia Widiasih, Restuning; Sunjaya, Deni Kurniadi; Rahayuwati, Laili; Rusyidi, Binahayati; Ermiati; Sari, Citra Windani Mambang; Mardani; Rusdi; Tung, Serene En Hui
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3722

Abstract

Background: Stunting remains a critical public health issue in Indonesia, threatening the well-being of future generations. Community involvement, particularly by health cadres, is essential for effective prevention. However, structured assessments and follow-up initiatives to enhance their participation remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate health cadres' knowledge, roles, and skills in stunting prevention programs. Methods: A mixed-methods design with an embedded approach was applied in three phases. Phase 1: A quantitative survey assessed stunting knowledge among 193 cadres across 10 stunting locus villages in Bangka Belitung Province, Indonesia (October–December 2022). The survey tool was adapted from previous studies and analyzed using the RASCH IRT model and descriptive statistics. Phase 2: Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 cadres selected from the survey pool, and analyzed thematically. Phase 3: The same 20 cadres were observed conducting anthropometric measurements to assess skill accuracy. Results: Knowledge levels were generally low, with 52% of cadres scoring low to very low and only 48% achieving moderate to high scores. Three themes emerged: 1) cadres’ perspectives on the causes and consequences of stunting, 2) their roles and actions in stunting prevention, and 3) their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Observations revealed significant inaccuracies in anthropometric measurement techniques. Conclusion: There is a clear need to improve cadres’ knowledge and skills, especially in anthropometric assessment. Recommendations include implementing certification-based training, introducing innovative and standardized measurement tools, and offering accessible web-based learning platforms. Nurses play a crucial role in supporting cadre training and ensuring accurate growth monitoring at the community level.
The impact of a self-management program on volume overload among patients with heart failure in Thailand: A quasi-experimental study Lungkawong, Napassawan; Polsook, Rapin
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3730

Abstract

Background: Volume overload is a common and serious complication in patients with heart failure, often leading to hospital readmissions and decreased quality of life. Effective self-management strategies are essential in preventing fluid accumulation and improving patient outcomes. Mobile technology offers a scalable means to support such interventions, particularly in culturally specific contexts. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-management program delivered via the LINE application in reducing volume overload among Thai patients with heart failure. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed with 46 participants randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group. The control group received standard care, while the experimental group participated in a four-week self-management program based on Lorig and Holman’s theoretical framework, focusing on six key skills and three self-care tasks. Volume overload was assessed using a modified Framingham criteria-based instrument with confirmed content validity and acceptable reliability. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests with IBM SPSS version 21. Results: Post-intervention, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in fluid volume overload scores (M = 6.96, SD = 1.46) compared to pre-intervention (M = 8.65, SD = 1.57, t = 9.90, p <0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.11). The control group showed no significant change. An independent t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups post-intervention (t = 3.67, df = 44, p <0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.08), indicating a substantial effect of the intervention. Conclusion: The self-management program via the LINE application effectively reduced volume overload in Thai patients with heart failure. Integrating culturally familiar mobile technology and structured self-care education significantly enhanced patient engagement and health outcomes. This study highlights the importance of incorporating digital tools into patient education and follow-up for nursing practice to empower individuals in managing chronic conditions like heart failure. Future research should explore long-term impacts and scalability across diverse healthcare settings. Trial Registry Number: Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20241124001)
Assessing sexual health literacy among Thai female adolescents in non-formal education: A mixed-methods study Narkbubpha, Rapeepan; Sriyasak, Atcharawadee; Sarakshetrin, Atiya; Thungthin, Pailin
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3744

Abstract

Background: Adolescent pregnancy in Thailand and globally remains a major public health issue, often leading to significant health and social consequences. Among adolescents outside the formal education system, low levels of sexual and reproductive health literacy contribute to poor decision-making and increased risk of unintended pregnancy. Targeted, culturally sensitive interventions are essential to bridge these gaps and reduce associated hardships. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the sexual health literacy of Thai female adolescents in non-formal education, focusing on their knowledge levels, decision-making processes, and barriers to accessing accurate sexual health information and services. Methods: A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was used. Quantitative data were collected between November 2021 and September 2022, and qualitative data between December 2022 and August 2023. Multi-stage random sampling was used to select 270 participants aged 15–19 from non-formal education programs, yielding a final sample of 200 after excluding incomplete data (response rate = 74.07%). The qualitative phase involved semi-structured interviews with 30 participants who scored low on the sexual health literacy assessment. Information was gathered through semi-structured interviews to explore their knowledge and decision-making process. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative responses. Results: Participants demonstrated moderate overall sexual health literacy (M = 97.73, SD = 16.91). Decision-making regarding sexual practices scored the highest (88.79%), while access to health information and services scored the lowest (54.72%). Thematic analysis revealed four major themes: 1) The need for supplemental sexual education beyond formal classrooms, 2) Widespread misconceptions and reliance on unreliable contraceptive information sources, 3) Limited access to sexual health services for adolescents, and 4) The decision-making process prior to selecting a contraceptive method. Conclusion: There is a clear need for targeted, comprehensive sexual health literacy programs that improve adolescents’ knowledge, communication skills, and understanding of contraception. Engaging mothers and other female relatives as key influencers, along with the involvement of nurses and youth-friendly service providers, is essential. These initiatives should focus on preventing high-risk behaviors, delaying sexual initiation, and reducing unplanned pregnancies, especially in underserved non-formal education contexts.
Effectiveness of mHealth on self-care profile and blood pressure among patients with hypertension in Indonesia: A single-blind randomized controlled trial Widyastuti, Chatarina Setya; Dinarti, Lucia Kris; Aulawi, Khudazi; Lazuardi, Lutfan
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3760

Abstract

Background: Self-management is essential for controlling blood pressure and requires consistent effort. Mobile health (mHealth) applications can support patients in independently managing hypertension and maintaining better control over their blood pressure. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MaRiTensi mobile application in improving knowledge, motivation, self-efficacy, and self-care among patients with hypertension, as well as in lowering blood pressure. Methods: A two-arm randomized controlled trial with a single-blind evaluator was conducted among 108 patients with hypertension, recruited from a private hospital and two health centers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The 12-week study was implemented from October 2023 to April 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group, which used the MaRiTensi app, or the control group, which received usual care. Primary outcomes—knowledge, self-care, self-efficacy, and motivation—were measured using a validated questionnaire, while the secondary outcome—blood pressure—was assessed through clinical measurement. Ninety-nine participants completed the study and were included in the analysis. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate within-group changes over time. Intergroup comparisons were analyzed using the chi-square test, independent t-test, or Mann–Whitney U test. Results: No significant baseline differences were found between the two groups (p >0.05). Significant improvements were observed in knowledge, self-care, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups (p <0.01). Self-efficacy significantly improved only in the intervention group (p <0.01). No significant changes in motivation were observed over time in either group (p >0.05). Significant between-group differences were found at the first evaluation for self-care (p = 0.005; d = 0.58), self-efficacy (p = 0.011; d = 0.52), motivation (p = 0.026; d = 0.44), systolic pressure (p = 0.039; d = 0.42), and diastolic pressure (p = 0.009; d = 0.54), and at the second evaluation for self-care (p = 0.024; d = 0.46). Conclusions: MaRiTensi may effectively improve self-care, self-efficacy, and blood pressure control among patients with hypertension, although it showed limited impact on knowledge and motivation. The application shows promise as a nursing intervention, but further research is needed to assess its long-term effectiveness and sustainability. Trial Registry Number: NCT06049862 [ClinicalTrials.gov]
Exploring online learning: Virtual teaching quality, student satisfaction, and academic performance among nursing students in Peru – a cross-sectional study Sharif, Loujain S.; Fernandez-Delgado, Jhan CM.; Aguilar-Altamirano , Erick E.; Ramírez-Ramírez, Wildoro; Mahsoon, Alaa; Banakhar, Maram; Fernández-Sanchez, Higinio
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3762

Abstract

Background: Virtual teaching has become an essential component of nursing education today, but its impact on practical courses remains unexplored. There is a need to understand how the quality of virtual teaching influences both academic performance and student satisfaction. Objective: This study aims to explore how nursing students’ satisfaction and academic performance in practical courses relate to the quality of virtual teaching in a Peruvian university in 2023. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional correlational study was conducted by surveying 125 nursing students in northern Peru from March to May 2023. The data were collected using the Online Education Scale and Academic Satisfaction Scale. Academic performance was assessed through documentary analysis of the students’ general averages, and Kendall’s tau-b test was used to assess the relationship. Additionally, Pearson’s Chi-square test and both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to obtain more precise relationships. Results: The study found that 54.4% of nursing students rated virtual teaching quality as low, with the same percentage reporting low satisfaction and 59.2% having low academic performance. Virtual teaching quality was positively correlated with satisfaction (τb = 0.415, p <0.01) and negatively with academic performance (τb = -0.176, p = 0.043). Pearson’s Chi-square and logistic regression showed significant relationships in several virtual teaching dimensions. Virtual collaborative teaching and development of virtual capabilities were rated low by 72.8% and 60.8% of students, respectively. Both had significant odds ratios (COR: 4.1, AOR: 3.8, p = 0.012 and COR: 3.8, AOR: 3.5, p = 0.010). Virtual resources and accompaniment showed moderate ratings, with significant results for virtual resources (COR: 1.5, AOR: 1.3, p <0.001) and virtual accompaniment (COR: 1.2, AOR: 1.0, p = 0.040). Conclusion: This study revealed that poor-quality virtual teaching negatively impacted nursing students in Peru, leading to reduced satisfaction and academic performance. The positive correlation between teaching quality and satisfaction suggests that improving virtual teaching could enhance student satisfaction. However, the negative correlation with academic performance highlights challenges in adapting practical nursing education to virtual formats. Improving virtual methodologies and exploring innovative strategies, such as hybrid learning models, are essential for improving outcomes in nursing education.
Factors influencing health-related quality of life among people with uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus in Wenzhou, China: A cross-sectional study Li, Huiwei; Moungkum, Saifone; Jullamate, Pornchai
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3785

Abstract

Background: China has a high prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and more than half of the population has uncontrolled blood sugar levels. As a result, this leads to a reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Therefore, identifying the factors that influence HRQOL in individuals with uncontrolled T2DM is a clinical priority. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the level of HRQOL among people with uncontrolled T2DM in Wenzhou, China, and to examine the predictive factors, including social support, diabetes distress, self-efficacy, and health literacy, in relation to HRQOL among these individuals. Methods: This predictive correlational study used a simple random sampling technique to recruit 107 adults with uncontrolled T2DM from the Endocrinology outpatient department at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University in Wenzhou, China, between August and September 2024. Data were collected through questionnaires and standardized tools to assess the correlation between HRQOL, social support, health literacy, self-efficacy, and diabetes distress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results: The HRQOL in this study was moderate (Mean = 3.34, SD = 0.31). Significant factors associated with HRQOL were health literacy (r = 0.819, p <0.01), self-efficacy (r = 0.825, p <0.01), and social support (r = 0.477, p <0.01). All predictor variables in the regression model collectively explained 79.8% of the variance in HRQOL among individuals with uncontrolled T2DM. Furthermore, health literacy (β = 0.426, p <0.001), self-efficacy (β = 0.463, p <0.001), and social support (β = 0.130, p = 0.009) were significant predictors of HRQOL. Conclusion: Enhancing health literacy, self-efficacy, and social support is crucial for improving HRQOL. Healthcare professionals and nurses should develop and implement intervention programs that help individuals and families enhance their critical thinking abilities and adopt lifestyles that support disease management and improve HRQOL.
A qualitative study of contributing factors to burnout among Jordanian midwives Alsaraireh, Arwa; Al-Sarairhe, Ishraq; Al-Tarawneh, Tamador R.; Raghavan, Divya; Al-Nawafleh, Ahmad H.
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): May - June
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.3790

Abstract

Background: The healthcare system, particularly the midwifery profession in Jordan, faces significant challenges that negatively impact midwives and the quality of maternal care, primarily due to resource limitations and increasing service demands. While quantitative research has examined burnout levels among Jordanian midwives, there is limited qualitative insight into their lived experiences, particularly in the southern region of Jordan. Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors contributing to burnout among midwives in southern Jordan and to gain a deeper understanding of their professional experiences within the current healthcare context. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed between 2023 and 2024. Ten midwives were purposively recruited from public hospitals and community health centers in southern Jordan. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Trustworthiness was ensured using Lincoln and Guba’s criteria: confirmability, credibility, dependability, and transferability. Results: Two main themes emerged from the analysis: 1) the emotional and physical toll of undervaluation and its negative impact on job satisfaction, and 2) limited professional autonomy and challenges related to empowerment in clinical settings. These findings reflect both personal and structural contributors to burnout. Conclusion: Burnout among midwives in southern Jordan is driven by emotional strain, lack of recognition, and restricted autonomy. These challenges affect not only job satisfaction but also the quality of care provided. Addressing these issues through supportive policies, improved working conditions, and greater professional recognition is critical for strengthening the midwifery workforce. The findings also offer valuable insights for other countries with similar healthcare structures and midwifery challenges.

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