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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan
ISSN : 25415166     EISSN : 25415174     DOI : 10.21082
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.
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Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015" : 9 Documents clear
Komposisi dan Sebaran Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Penyakit pada Padi di Nusa Tenggara Barat Sudir, Sudir; Yuliani, Dini; Wirajaswadi, Lalu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (98.288 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p113-120

Abstract

A study was carried out to identify the composition and distribution of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotypes on rice crop in West Nusa Tenggara, during the 2012 planting season. Three activities were conducted, namely collection of rice leaf samples from the fields, isolation of Xoo from the leaf samples at the laboratory, and testing pathotypes of Xoo at the screen house. Rice leaves showing typical bacterial leaf blight (BLB) symptom were collected from various farmers’ fields. The samples were detached and put into paper envelopes, and were taken to the laboratory for isolation of Xoo, at the Laboratory of Pythopathology of Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi. Pathotype testing was done in the ICRR screen house by inoculating the leaves of five differential rice varieties using inocula of the Xoo isolates. Resistance of the rice differential varieties was determined based on the BLB disease severity. Inoculated plant with disease severity ≤11% was considered resistant (R) and disease severity >11% was susceptible (S). From the 240 samples of rice leaf infected with BLB collected from West Nusa Tenggara, 232 Xoo isolates were obtained. The Xoo pathotype identification showed that pathotype IV was the most dominant in West Nusa Tenggara during the 2012 planting season, numbering 118 isolates or 51.0% out of the total isolates, followed by pathotype VIII (67 isolates or 29.0%), and pathotype III (47 isolates or 20.0%).
Distinguishing Rice Genotypes using Morphological, Agronomical, Susanto, Untung; Rohmah, Nofi Anisatun; Mejaya, Made Jana
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (107.524 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p79-87

Abstract

Complete data on characteristics of a rice variety is very important to  race the authenticity of the variety at the field. Sometimes a name of a variety had changed, due to the informal  seed distribution among farmers. This could become problem in the property right of the variety. Distinguishing among rice varieties using only morphological and agronomical traits are sometimes not sufficient. Currently, molecular markers such as SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers have become available and are powerfull to distinguish rice genotypes. This research was aimed to distinguish nine rice varieties grown by farmers, using morphological characters (47 traits), agronomical characters (9 traits), SSR markers (12 primer pairs, related with important traits of rice plant), and 384 SNP markers, and to compare the effectiveness of each technique in distinguishing among genotypes. A field experiment was conducted in Ranca Jaya village, Patok Beusi, Subang, West Java during Wet Season (WS) of 2011/2012, using a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. A modified CTAB method was used to extract DNA for detection using 12 SSR markers and 384 SNP markers. The results revealed that the use of SSR markers that were linked to certain genes was more accurate than that of the SNP markers, agronomic, and morphological characters, in distinguishing differences among the 9 rice genotypes. The complete data of morphologic, agronomic, and molecular are useful to distinguish the authenticity of a variety in order to protect the intelectual property right attached on the variety.
Karakterisasi Sifat Morfologi dan Ketahanan terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Beberapa Varietas Padi Yuliani, Dini; Wening, Rina Hapsari; Sudir, Sudir
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (129.097 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p121-130

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) is common disease on rice crop in Indonesia. Resistance variety when available, would be a good control measure to the disease, which could be easily adopted by farmers. Source of gene for resistance needs to be identified among rice genotypes, to be used as parents in the breeding program. This research was aimed to characterize the morphological traits and the degree of resistance among rice genotypes against Xoo pathotype III, IV, and VIII. The experiment was conducted at Sukamandi experimental field of Indonesian Center for Rice Research, during the wet season of 2012/2013 and dry season of 2013, using a randomized factorial design. The first factor was three Xoo pathotypes i.e. pathotype III, IV, and VIII, the second factor was 20 rice genotypes including three check varieties, i.e. Ciherang, Inpari 13, and Angke. Observations of morphological and agronomic characters were done on rice plants started from primordial to grain ripening phase. Observations on BLB disease severity were done by measuring the longest symptoms on the leaves at two, three, and four weeks after inoculation. The morphological characters of the isogenic lines showed moderate leaf surface type with an open habitus (60o). Plant height ranged from 99 to 190 cm, maturity between 109 to 157 days after sowing, and the number of tillers was 9-23 tillers/hill. Against the Xoo pathotype III, IV, and VIII, three genotypes of near isogenic lines i.e. IRBB 60, IRBB 61, and IRBB 55 each was resistance, not significantly different from resistance check variety Angke, in two cropping seasons. All three isogenic lines can be used as parent to develop new resistant variety to bacterial leaf blight.
Identifikasi Varietas Padi Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra Digital dan Analisis Diskriminan adnan, adnan; Widiastuti, Mira Landep; Wahyuni, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (237.329 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p89-96

Abstract

Identification of the authenticity of variety is important in order to ensure the purly of rice variety. Variety identification based on visual traits is a common technique, but it is difficult to be applied when ones encounter almost similar varieties. An alternative technique is using the image processing analysis combined with the discriminant analysis. The research objectives were: (1) to develop the geometrical, shape and textural description of rice varieties (Ciherang, Inpari 10 and Inpari 13) generated based on the image process properties, (2) to determine selective geometry, shape and texture variables, and (3) to identify rice variety using discriminant analysis. Digital image of rice grains was captured by a scanner, then was quantified by image process application in order to generate geometry, shape and texture data. Discriminant model was built using 5 of 17 input variables that have strong discriminant power. Discriminant model represented85.9% of the data variability. The model accuracy based on the cross validation method for Ciherang, Inpari 10 dan Inpari 13 varieties was 53.6%, 52.8% dan 76.0%, respectively. Image process technology and discriminant analysis has a potential as a technique for identifying rice variety based on the seed physical criteria. Further works need to be done in order to increase the accuracy of the model.
Analisis Produksi dan Efisiensi Pengelolaan Tanaman Terpadu Padi Sawah di Provinsi Bali Suharyanto, Suharyanto; Mulyo, Jangkung H.; Darwanto, Dwidjono H.; Widodo, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (126.241 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p131-143

Abstract

The integrated crop management approach on rice is aimed to increase the productivity on fields with the constraint of limited land area. This present research was aimed to analyzethe impact of the implementation of integrated crop management to grain yield and its efficiency on the lowland farming. The study was conducted in three districts representing the lowland rice production center in Bali, i.e. Tabanan, Buleleng and Gianyar, involving 216 respondents, over two cropping seasons. Sampling of the respondents was using stratified simple random method. Data were analyzed using a stochastic frontier production function with the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. The results showed that the aggregate of rice production was affected by land area, amount of seeds, N fertilizer, organic fertilizer, pesticides, labor and age of seedling. Rice yield was higher in the dry season applying legowo planting pattern, followed by intermittent irrigations, IPM and planting varieties other than IR64. Technically, both ICMFS alumni farmers and non ICM-FS alumni were considered efficient, with an efficiency rate of more than 70 percent, but onlyICM-FS alumni farmers allocated the inputs efficiently, and therefore economically move efficient. Socio economic factors which were significantly affected the aggregate technicalinefficiencies were age of farmers, level of education, farming experiences, and the number of land plots. Technical inefficiency of the lowland rice farming was lower when ICM-FS alumni farmers work on their own lands.
Daya Hasil dan Stabilitas Ratun Galur Padi pada Lahan Pasang Surut Sinaga, Parlin H.; Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas; Sopandie, Didy; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.663 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p97-104

Abstract

The study was aimed to determine the productivity and yield stability of ratoon rice genotypes in three environments and to obtain rice genotypes suistable for ratoonning on specific environment of tidal land. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block with three replicates. Seedling was planted at 21 days old with spacing of 20 x 20 cm, one seedling per hill. Plants were harvested 30 days after heading by cutting at a height of 10 cm from the soil surface. One day after harvest, the land was irrigated as high as 3 cm and fertilized with Urea 50 kg/ha, TSP 30 kg/ha, and KCl 25 kg/ha. Yield stability was analyzed according to Eberhart and Russel (1966). Ratoons were sensitive to the environmental changes. Genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, and IPB 3S produced the main crop + ratoon grain yield of 5.26 t/ha, 5.14 t/ha, and 5.64 t/ha dry milling grain (DMG), respectively. Based on yield of the main crop + ratoon, IPB97-F-13-1-1 and IPB 4S was each considered as adaptable to the suboptimum condition (bi<1). Ratoon crop yield of genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, and IPB 3S each was the highest in three locations. The ratoon crop contribution to the rice production was from 31.3% to 61.9% to the main crop.
Keefektifan Pelapisan Benih terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Benih Padi Selama Penyimpanan Ikrarwati, Ikrarwati; Ilyas, Satriyas; Yukti, AmiyarsI Mustika
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.434 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p145-152

Abstract

Seed coating using biological pesticides such as clove oil and citronella oil, was expected to have the ability to control seed-borne pathogens on rice. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of seed coating using clove oil and lemon grass oil against seed-borne fungi and bacteria on rice seed variety “Hipa 8” during storage. The experiment was conducted in Cimanggis, from February to September 2012, using completely randomized design with single factor, consisting of four levels: (1) clove oil 1% + chitosan 3%; (2) lemon grass oil 2% + carboxymethyl-cellulose 1%; (3) Synthetic pesticide (streptomycin sulphate 0.04% + benomyl 0.1%) + arabic gum 10%; and (4) control (without coating). Results showed that seedborne fungi pathogens on seed of Hipa 8 rice were detected at 6-month storage consisted of Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. The detected pathogenic bacteria were Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and X. campestris pv. oryzicola. Coating formula most compatible with the rice seed of HIPA 8 was chemical pesticide + 10% arabic gum, which suppressed fungal infection from 80% to 45% at the first month and from 90% to 70% at the fifth month, suppressed populations of Xoo + Xco from 7.6 x 108 cfu/g of seed to 5.86 x 105 cfu/g of seed at the first month and 7.0 x 106 cfu/g of seed to 1.4 x 104 cfu/g of seeds at the sixth month. The treatment caused the smallest decrease of seed viability compared to the other coating treatments.
Skrining Salinitas Padi Mutan Insersi Pembawa Activation-Tagging pada Fase Perkecambahan Zannati, Anky; Widyastuti, Utut; Nugroho, Satya
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p105-111

Abstract

Insert mutation is a method in the functional genomics analysis, using Ac and Ds transposable elements that capable of transposing genes in plant genome, including rice. Using such method, it is possible to identify functional genes, such as abiotic stress tolerance genes in rice plant. The objectives of this research were to screen activated-tag mutant rice for tolerance to salinity stress. Seventy-five lines were chosen from a 1,000 fast screeningexperiment to identify mutant responsive to salinity stress. The mutant was validated in three screening batches (A, B and C) at germinating stage in Yoshida solution containing 200g/L NaCl. Three potential tolerant mutants, with the highest vigor index were identified from each batch. Insertion analysis of the nine mutants showed that the activator/dissociation (Ac/Ds) elements were still present in the genome, based on the bar and hpt marker genes as identified from the positive PCR.
Respon Varietas Unggul Kacang Tanah terhadap Cekaman Salinitas Responses of Groundnut Varieties to Salinity Stress Taufiq, Abdullah; Kristiono, Afandi; Harnowo, Didik
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (184.92 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p153-163

Abstract

Soil salinity has negative effect on crop growth and crop productivity. Information on the response of groundnut varieties to salinity is required for varietal selection adaptable to saline  soil condition. The research was conducted at the greenhouse of Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (Iletri), Malang, East Java from July to September 2013. The objective of the research was to study the effect of salinity on groundnut growth.Ten groundnut varieties, consisted of seven varieties of Spanish type and three varieties of Valencia type, were tested on six levels of soil salinity. The treatment combinations were arranged in randomized complete block design, replicated four times. The soil salinity level was obtained by treating soil media using sea water dilution. Observations were made on electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content index, shootand root dry weight, number and dry weight of pods, and number and dry weight of normal seeds. Results showed that increasing the salinity level inhibited both vegetative and generative growth and the critical age to the plants affected by salinity was 45-65days after sowing. All variables of plant growth and yield components decreased with the increase of salinity level. The highest EC value of the soil for groundnut planting to produce pods and seeds was 1.60-1.84 dS/m. Based on the growth variables, varieties of Valencia-type semed to be more tolerant to salinity than did Spanish-type, but there was no tolerance difference based on crop yield and yield components between the two groundnut groups. Higher tolerance of Valencia type was probably due to its ability to absorb and translocate more K in saline conditions. Among the Valencia type varieties tested, Domba variety indicated the most tolerance.

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