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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 466 Documents

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A Numerical Investigation on the Structural Behavior of Deficient Steel Frames Strengthened using CFRP Composite Amir Hamzah Keykha
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 1 (2018): MARCH 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) is one of the materials that is used to strengthen steel structures. Most studies on CFRP strengthening steel on structures have been done on beams and steel columns. No independent study has studied the effect of CFRP strengthening on the structural behavior of steel frames having initial deficiency.The deficiency in steel structures may be created due to the errors caused by construction and others.This study aims to carry out a numerical study on the efficiency of CFRP sheet on strengthening square hollow section (SHS) steel frames having initial deficiency. Seven specimens, five of which were strengthened using CFRP sheets, were analyzed. ANSYS software was used to analyze the SHS steel frames. The results showed that the coverage length, the width, and the number of CFRP layers have a significant effect on increasing and recovering the ultimate load capacity of the SHS steel frames having initial deficiency.

Kriging-Based Timoshenko Beam Element for Static and Free Vibration Analyses Wong F.T.; Syamsoeyadi H.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 13 No. 1 (2011): MARCH 2011
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

An enhancement of the finite element method using Kriging interpolation (K-FEM) has been recently proposed and applied to solve one- and two- dimensional linear elasticity problems. The key advantage of this innovative method is that the polynomial refinement can be performed without adding nodes or changing the element connectivity. This paper presents the development of the K-FEM for static and free vibration analyses of Timoshenko beams. The transverse displacement and the rotation of the beam are independently approximated using Kriging interpolation. For each element, the interpolation function is constructed from a set of nodes within a prescribed domain of influence comprising the element and its several layers of neighbouring elements. In an attempt to eliminate the shear locking, the selective-reduced integration technique is utilized. The developed beam element is tested to several static and free vibration problems. The results demonstrate the excellent performance of the developed element.

STUDI AWAL APLIKASI TEORI FUZZY SET PADA PERUSAHAAN READYMIX CONCRETE DALAM MEMILIH PEMASOK MATERIAL BETON Sentosa Limanto; Adi Sanjaya; Tirta Djusman Arief; Josep Buntoro
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 7 No. 1 (2005): MARCH 2005
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Material supply has a very important role in construction process. Material supply process require suitable and reliable supplier. In this study, fuzzy set theory is used as the appraisal and selection process of material suppliers to supply materials needed to produce concrete mix in a ready mix company. Sinusoidal, Blockley, and Baldwin models are used. This research uses three variables as qualifications, which are quality, performance, and payment. With these qualifications, ready mix concrete company can appraise material suppliers to be selected. It is shown that quality can be represented by Sinusoidal model, performance by Blockley model, and payment by Baldwin model, while the appropriate defuzzification method is maximum composite method. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Aktivitas yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam proses pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi adalah penyediaan material. Proses penyediaan material memerlukan pemasok yang sesuai dan dapat diandalkan. Dalam studi ini dicoba untuk menggunakan teory fuzzy set dalam proses penelitian dan pemilihan pemasok material untuk adonan beton suatu perusahaan readymix concrete. Model yang dipergunakan adalah model Sinusoidal, Blockley dan Baldwin. Kualifikasi yang digunakan dipengaruhi oleh tiga variabel penentu yaitu variabel kualitas, performa dan pembayaran. Dengan kualifikasi tersebut perusahaan readymix concrete bisa menilai para supplier material yang akan dipakai perusahaan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penilaian melalui variabel kualitas dapat diwakili oleh model Sinusoidal, untuk variabel performa diwakili oleh model Blockley dan variabel pembayaran diwakili oleh model Baldwin, sedangkan metode defuzifikasi yang sesuai adalah metode maksimum komposit.

The Effectiveness of Emergency Response System’s Service Providers for Road Accidents in Johor Bahru, Malaysia Mustaffa, A.A.; Kazunori, H.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012): SEPTEMBER 2012
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

In Malaysia, there are three core services involved in emergency, namely the fire and rescue, police, and ambulance services. The aim of the service providers is to prevent the loss of life and damage by improving their response time. The Civil Defence Department and the 999 call centre also assist the main providers. This paper aims to provide an overview of emergency response system (ERS) for road accidents in Johor Bahru. The objective is to find the effective services from ERS works. There are three sections of chronological events involved: the call centre receiving reports on accidents, at location of the accident and the time during which the victims are brought to the hospital. The paper studies the operation scheme of the ERS by describing the condition; to analyse the questionnaire using a set of questions on the ERS service; and to determine the effectiveness of the services provided. The provider’s services can be identified as a main factor in improving the ERS services provided in the study area.

TINGKAT KEPERCAYAAN DALAM HUBUNGAN KEMITRAAN ANTARA KONTRAKTOR DAN SUBKONTRAKTOR DI SURABAYA Lendra Lendra
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 2 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Kemitraan merupakan salah satu solusi manajemen untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan mempererat hubungan antar partisipan dalam proyek konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat kepercayaan dan membahas kepercayaan sebagai salah satu faktor sukses kunci kemitraan antara kontraktor dan subkontraktor di Surabaya. Data diperoleh dengan survei menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengukur empat elemen tingkat kepercayaan berdasarkan teori Robert Bruce Shaw, yaitu: exhibiting trust, achieving results, acting with integrity dan demonstrating concern. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum tingkat kepercayaan antara kontraktor dan subkontraktor di Surabaya berada pada tingkat tinggi. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan adanya perbedaan tingkat kepercayaan, yang disebabkan oleh lama pengalaman di bidang konstruksi dan lama bekerja seorang individu di perusahaan yang bersangkutan, serta jenis proyek yang dikerjakan dan nilai pekerjaan yang disubkontrakan

GEMPA RENCANA UNTUK ANALISA RIWAYAT WAKTU Benjamin Lumantarna
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 1 No. 1 (1999): MARCH 1999
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

In the absence of design earthquake accelerogram, to do time history analysis the Indonesian Seismic code required the use of a minimum of four earthquake accelerograms. This procedure gives some difficulty in research. One possibility is to use a spectrum consistent time history record in the analysis. Using an interactive program called RESMAT, four spectrum consistent time histories are created from, El-Centro, May 15, 1940 N-S, Denpasar 1981, Pacoima February 9, 1971 S16E and Parkfield June 27, 1966 N-E, earthquake records. The resulting time history records are applied to six (6) symmetrical buildings with five, ten, 15, 20, 25 and 30 story in a time history analysis. The story shears obtained are then compared with the story shear envelope of the four original earthquake records as specified in the code. It is shown that spectrum consistent time history obtained from Pacoima, February 9, 1971 S16E, in all cases gives conservative story shears compared with the envelope of the four original earthquake records as specified by the code Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Belum adanya riwayat waktu gempa rencana yang disetujui untuk dipakai di Indonesia, menyebabkan dalam analisa riwayat waktu harus digunakan minimal empat riwayat waktu gempa yang berbeda. Hal ini menyebabkan kesulitan-kesulitan tersendiri dalam melakukan penelitian. Salah satu pemecahan yang dapat diambil adalah memodifikasi rekaman riwayat waktu gempa yang sesungguhnya untuk menghasilkan suatu gempa rencana yang menghasilkan respons spektra yang konsisten dengan respons spektra yang ditentukan dalam peraturan gempa. Penelitian ini membandingkan gaya geser tingkat yang dihasilkan oleh gempa rencana yang diperoleh dari rekaman gempa El-Centro 15 Mei 1940 N-S, Denpasar 1981, Pacoima 9 Februari 1971 S16E dan Parkfield 27 Juni 1966 N-E, terhadap envelope gaya geser tingkat ke empat gempa tersebut sesuai dengan peraturan gempa. Untuk perbandingan ini dipakai enam buah model struktur sederhana dengan bentuk denah yang teratur dan simetris, dengan jumlah lantai 5, 10,15, 20, 25 dan 30 lantai. Sedangkan untuk mendapatkan gempa rencana digunakan suatu program interaktif yang dinamakan RESMAT Dari evaluasi yang dilakukan terhadap ke enam model struktur tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa gempa rencana yang didapatkan dari modifikasi Gempa Pacoima 9 Februari 1971 S16E, menghasilkan pembagian gaya geser yang setara dengan envelope gaya geser tingkat dari ke empat gempa tersebut diatas. Kata kunci : analisa riwayat waktu, accelerogram gempa rencana, spectrum consistent time history.

Seismic Behavior of Fatigue-Retrofitted Steel Frame Piers Kinoshita, K.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 15 No. 2 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Fatigue retrofit works have been conducted on severely fatigue damaged beam-to-column connections of existing steel frame bridge piers in Japan. It is clear that retrofit works provides additional stiffness but the significance on the seismic behavior of steel frame piers is not clear. Since fatigue retrofit works have become prevalent, the effect of fatigue retrofit works on the seismic behavior of steel frame piers need to be understood. The objective of this study is therefore to investigate these effects of the retrofit work, especially installation of bolted splices, which is the most common technique. Elasto-plastic finite element earthquake response analyses were carried out. It is shown that the existence of bolted splices may increase seismic demand on the piers when plastic hinge zone is located on the beam. In addition, longer bolted splices using low yield strength steel are proposed to overcome this problem and are shown to give beneficial effects.

SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF LEVEES Dario Rosidi
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 9 No. 2 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

A seismic risk assessment procedure for earth embankments and levees is presented. The procedure consists of three major elements: (1) probability of ground motion at the site, (2) probability of levee failure given a level of ground motion has occurred and (3) expected loss resulting from the failure. This paper discusses the first two elements of the risk assessment. The third element, which includes economic losses and human casualty, will not be presented herein. The ground motions for risk assessment are developed using a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis. A two-dimensional finite element analysis is performed to estimate the dynamic responses of levee, and the probability of levee failure is calculated using the levee fragility curve. The overall objective of the assessment is to develop an analytical tool for assessing the failure risk and the effectiveness of various levee strengthening alternatives for risk reduction. An example of the procedure, as it applies to a levee built along the perimeter of an island for flood protection and water storage, is presented. Variations in earthquake ground motion and soil and water conditions at the site are incorporated in the risk assessment. The effects of liquefaction in the foundation soils are also considered.

THE LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT - A CASE STUDY OF TRANSPORTING VOLVO CARS Gloria P. Gerilla
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 2 No. 1 (2000): MARCH 2000
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The increase in the number of vehicles in our society is detrimental to the environment because of increased fuel usage and pollutant emissions. This paper analyze the environmental effects of transporting cars from its manufacturer to its end user. The method used is the life cycle assessment (LCA). Life cycle assessment is a method for analyzing and evaluating environmental performance of products, processes or services throughout its entire life cycle. The paper also shows the effect of changing the fuel type used in transporting the vehicles. It can be seen that from the pollutant emissions in the transport chain, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the leading pollutants, which affect the air quality in the environment. The truck is shown to be a heavy polluter in terms of its emission factors and there is not much difference between a European and an Asian country. With the use of the natural gas as an alternative fuel, emission levels can be reduced to as much as 19 % for CO2 and 16 % for NOx emissions while costs are higher in the first few years because of conversion costs, it can be said that it is worth the risk. The truck can be an environmentally adapted vehicle if its engine is converted to an alternative fuel engine like the compressed natural gas. The LCA methodology is holistic because it gives a systems analysis of the product

Evaluation of Crack Initiation Points of Load-Carrying Cruciform Welded Joints Based on Effective Notch Stress Approach Kinoshita, K.; Arakawa, S.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

For fatigue assessment, recently effective notch stress (ENS) approach is accepted as a valid alternative to fracture mechanics approaches in Japan. However, at least one study showed that the fatigue assessment at weld root of load-carrying cruciform welded joints based on ENS approach does not capture the influence of plate thickness, weld size and weld penetration. Consequently, there are still uncertainties about the fatigue assessment. This paper discusses the evaluation method of the joints based on ENS approach. Effects of weld size, weld penetration, and plate thickness on ENS are determined by using fine-meshed FEM analyses. Validity of this method is determined by comparing the evaluation results with fracture mechanics approach. It is shown that results from this method are comparable to those of the previous study and the results seem to be conservative when ratio of weld penetration to plate thickness becomes smaller and plate thickness becomes larger.

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