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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 466 Documents

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Influence of Particle Size Distribution of High Calcium Fly Ash on HVFA Mortar Properties Antoni .; Hendra Surya Wibawa; Djwantoro Hardjito
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This study evaluates the effect of particle size distribution (PSD) of high calcium fly ash on high volume fly ash (HVFA) mortar characteristics. Four PSD variations of high calcium fly ash used were: unclassified fly ash and fly ash passing sieve No. 200, No. 325 and No. 400, respectively. The fly ash replacement ratio of the cementitious material ranged between 50-70%. The results show that with smaller fly ash particles size and higher levels of fly ash replacement, the workability of the mixture was increased with longer setting time. There was an increase in mortar compressive strength with finer fly ash particle size, compared to those with unclassified ones, with the highest strength was found at those with fly ash passing mesh No. 325. The increase was found due to better compactability of the mixture. Higher fly ash replacement reduced the mortar’s compressive strength, however, the rate was reduced when finer fly ash particles was used.

Initial Surface Absorption of Cement Combination Concrete Samuel Olufemi Folagbade
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This paper investigated the initial surface absorption (ISAT) of concrete using Portland cement (PC) and some binary and ternary cement combinations containing fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK) as partial replacements for PC at equal water/ cement ratios and strengths. At equal water/cement ratios, the cement combination concretes have higher ISAT values than PC concrete at 28 days and the disparity reduced with increasing curing age due to improved pozzolanic reactivity of the supplementary cementitious materials. SF and MK as binary and ternary cement components performed better than FA due to their higher fineness, improved particle packing and higher pozzolanic reactivity. At equal strengths, FA binary cement concretes have the lowest ISAT values and these reduced with increasing content of FA. At total replacement levels more than 20%, all the ternary cement concretes have lower ISAT values than PC concrete and the values reduced with increasing total replacement level due to the beneficial effect of FA.

One Dimensional Site Response Analysis of Liquefaction Potential along Coastal Area of Bengkulu City, Indonesia Lindung Zalbuin Mase
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This paper presents one dimensional non-linear site response analysis of liquefaction potential caused by the 2000 and the 2007 earthquakes in coastal area of Bengkulu City, Bengkulu, Indonesia. Site investigations, including Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and shear wave velocity (VS) measurement, were conducted in three locations along the coastal area of Bengkulu City. Further, the site investigation data were used in simulation of one-dimensional non-linear site response analysis by applying the synthetic ground motions at bedrock. The results show that liquefaction could happen at 0 to 1.5 m deep. This was indicated by the excess pore water pressure ratio (ru) which exceeded one. At depth between 1.5 m and 20 m, the excess pore water pressure almost reached the initial effective stress decreasing the effective confinement pressure close to zero. The results also indicated that liquefaction is possible to occur in this depth range if a stronger earthquake occurs.

A Comparative Study on Bio-Inspired Algorithms in Layout Optimization of Construction Site Facilities Doddy Prayogo; Jessica Chandra Sutanto; Hieronimus Enrico Suryo; Samuel Eric
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

A good arrangement of site layout on a construction project is a fundamental component of the project’s efficiency. Optimization on site layout is necessary in order to reduce the transportation cost of resources or personnel between facilities. Recently, the use of bio-inspired algorithms has received considerable critical attention in solving the engineering optimization problem. These methods have consistently provided better performance than traditional mathematical-based methods to a variety of engineering problems. This study compares the performance of particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC), and symbiotic organisms search (SOS) algorithms in optimizing site layout planning problems. Three real-world case studies of layout optimization problems have been used in this study. The results show that SOS has a better performance in comparison to the other algorithms. Thus, this study provides useful insights to construction practitioners in the industry who are involved in dealing with optimization problems

Displacement and Stress Function-based Linear and Quadratic Triangular Elements for Saint-Venant Torsional Problems Joko Purnomo; Wong Foek Tjong; Wijaya W.C.; Putra J.S.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Torsional problems commonly arise in frame structural members subjected to unsymmetrical loading. Saint-Venant proposed a semi inverse method to develop the exact theory of torsional bars of general cross sections. However, the solution to the problem using an analytical method for a complicated cross section is cumbersome. This paper presents the adoption of the Saint-Venant theory to develop a simple finite element program based on the displacement and stress function approaches using the standard linear and quadratic triangular elements. The displacement based approach is capable of evaluating torsional rigidity and shear stress distribution of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous; isotropic, orthotropic, and anisotropic materials; in singly and multiply-connected sections. On the other hand, applications of the stress function approach are limited to the case of singly-connected isotropic sections only, due to the complexity on the boundary conditions. The results show that both approaches converge to exact solutions with high degree of accuracy.

The Correlation between Penetration Pressure Required to Install Pile Foundation and to Insert Bi-cones in Cone Penetration Test Gogot Setyo Budi; Alvin Gilbert Tandiputra; Haven Kusuma Markho
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 21 No. 1 (2019): MARCH 2019
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

One of the common methods used to install pile foundation is hydraulic jacked-in machine. In this method, a pile is pushed down into the ground up to the predetermined depth. The method has similar principle to that of Cone Penetration Test (CPT). This paper presents the correlation between the mobilize pressure required to install pile foundations and that required to push the bi-cones that attached at the tip of CPT rod. The results show that the penetration pressure required to install the pile into very soft clay layer is independent of pile diameter. The penetration pressure required to install the pile into soft to stiff clay layers depends on the pile diameter. The larger the diameter of piles, the smaller the penetration pressures required. The penetration pressure required to install the pile into stiff expansive clay layer beyond the depth of active zone can be predicted as high as the pressure calculated form CPT.

Proposed Design Philosophy for Seismic-Resistant Buildings Nanang Gunawan; Aylie Han; Buntara Sthenly Gan
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 21 No. 1 (2019): MARCH 2019
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Modern seismic design and technologies have undergone tremendous developments. In modern design codes, building structures subjected to high earthquake loads are allowed to experience plastic deformations without collapsing, and the design is permitted up to the ultimate strength. According to comparative results in Japan, the number of humans injured due to earthquakes is higher than the number of deaths/missing. Likewise, the number of residential buildings that collapsed are less than the partially damaged buildings. This outcome implies that residential buildings designed based on the revised seismic standards have good earthquake resistances. It also infers that the human deaths/injury casualties were not a result of the collapsed the structure, but due to the strong vibrations originated from the earthquake, yielding in the collapse of non-structural elements such as ceilings and bookshelves. This paper presents a proposed design philosophy that attempts to implement the effect of earthquakes to non-fatal human casualties

Monitoring the Shear Fatigue Response of Reinforced Concrete Beams Subjected to Moving Loads using Digital Image Correlation Benny Suryanto; George Staniforth
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 21 No. 1 (2019): MARCH 2019
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

A series of three reinforced concrete beams without shear reinforcement were tested to failure under a centre-span monotonic load, a centre-span pulsating load, and a stepwise-moving pulsating load. During each experiment, load-deflection response was continuously monitored and at several stages during the experiment, the load was briefly stopped for crack observations. In addition to this manual crack mapping, more detailed crack mappings were undertaken using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, employing the open-source DIC software Ncorr. It was shown that while the three beams exhibited a similar mode of failure (i.e. shear), each beam displayed a rather distinctive overall behaviour, particularly with regard to the load-deflection response and the nature of crack initiation and propagation. Results from the DIC analysis are presented to provide direct evidence on the damage progression during the load cycles and discuss the reduced fatigue life exhibited by the beam subjected to stepwise-moving pulsating load

Impact of Earthquakes on the Transportation Infrastructure of Indonesia: A Preliminary Study Anita Amirsardari; Massoud Sofi; Elisa Lumantarna; Iswandi Imran; Colin Duffield
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 21 No. 1 (2019): MARCH 2019
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Indonesia is a high seismic region and one of the most vulnerable countries prone to experiencing damaging earthquakes. It is critical that lifeline infrastructure remain operational or is quickly remediated after an earthquake to minimise physical, social, and economical losses. Not much work has been carried out in understanding the effect of earthquakes on transportation infrastructure systems. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the impact of earthquakes on the transportation infrastructure in Indonesia. This is achieved by firstly reviewing the frameworks and tools for conducting seismic risk assessment of lifeline infrastructure. The critical components of the transportation system are then identified. Various forms of transportation infrastructure damage caused by earthquakes are discussed. An overview of the damaging earthquakes for the past 20 years is presented. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are provided about the future work required for conducting risk assessment of the transportation infrastructure in Indonesia

Eco Drainage System for Surface Runoff Reduction in Indonesia Cilcia Kusumastuti; Herry Pintardi Chandra; Kristanto Wibisono; Antonius Christopher Hartono
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 21 No. 1 (2019): MARCH 2019
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) or eco-drainage system has been implemented in developed countries. The aims of the construction of the system are: to minimize surface runoff by capturing and temporarily retain it, to improve the quality of surface runoff, to infiltrate stormwater, to increase evapotranspiration, and to enhance landscape aesthetic value. Learning from the success of the implementation of SUDS in developed countries, the paper presents a model of eco-drainage system for residential area in Indonesia, which consists of rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) and retention ponds. A simulation of stormwater and surface runoff utilization is also presented. At 14,602.26 m2 bare land in Mojokerto Regency, East Java, which is transformed into residential area, the model of eco-drainage system could reduce surface runoff volume almost by 70%. It is recommended to adjust the dimension of rainwater storage tank and retention ponds in order to reduce more surface runoff volume.

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