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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 103   104   105   106   107 
Exact Three-Dimensional Stability Analysis of Plate Using a Direct Variational Energy Method F. C. Onyeka; B. O. Mama; T. E. Okeke
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2022): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-05

Abstract

In this paper, direct variational calculus was put into practical use to analyses the three dimensional (3D) stability of rectangular thick plate which was simply supported at all the four edges (SSSS) under uniformly distributed compressive load. In the analysis, both trigonometric and polynomial displacement functions were used. This was done by formulating the equation of total potential energy for a thick plate using the 3D constitutive relations, from then on, the equation of compatibility was obtained to determine the relationship between the rotations and deflection. In the same way, governing equation was obtained through minimization of the total potential energy functional with respect to deflection. The solution of the governing equation is the function for deflection. Functions for rotations were obtained from deflection function using the solution of compatibility equations. These functions, deflection and rotations were substituted back into the energy functional, from where, through minimizations with respect to displacement coefficients, formulas for analysis were obtained. In the result, the critical buckling loads from the present study are higher than those of refined plate theories with 7.70%, signifying the coarseness of the refined plate theories. This amount of difference cannot be overlooked. However, it is shown that, all the recorded average percentage differences between trigonometric and polynomial approaches used in this work and those of 3D exact elasticity theory is lower than 1.0%, confirming the exactness of the present theory. Thus, the exact 3D plate theory obtained, provides a good solution for the stability analysis of plate and, can be recommended for analysis of any type of rectangular plates under the same loading and boundary condition. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-05 Full Text: PDF
Effects of Renovation on Ventilation and Energy Saving in Residential Building Cyriacus Okpalike; Francis O. Okeke; Emmanuel C. Ezema; Peter I. Oforji; Ajuluchukwu E. Igwe
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7 (2021): Special Issue "Innovative Strategies in Civil Engineering Grand Challenges"
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2021-07-09

Abstract

Renovation usually increases the aesthetic and market value of buildings. Consequently, with the rapid growth of the city's population and skyrocketing demand for decent housing, the current trend of building conversion and renovation of existing and dilapidated property stock within city centres has become rampant. The rise in demand has pushed beyond the boundaries that every real estate investor wants to maximize profit, and it has resulted in the prevalence of uncontrolled building development, land use conversion, and non-compliance with building requirements, etc. Renovations that involve changes in building elements (especially the window system) that can influence energy saving and ventilation efficiency have thus become very common. However, the effects of building renovations on ventilation and energy efficiency have not been fully examined, particularly in Enugu (Nigeria), a rapidly growing colonial metropolis. This research employed a qualitative research approach to investigate the effects of building renovation on ventilation and energy saving in Achara layout, Enugu City, Nigeria. Four blocks of flat residential buildings were the derived sample size using a judgmental sampling technique. Physical measurements, an observation schedule, and oral interviews with site workers centred on window size, area, property, and fenestration type were used to collect empirical data involving the window system. The result reveals a very significant difference between the as-built and renovated window design systems of all studied variables. Its conclusion hinged on the fact that a renovated structure does not encourage effective natural ventilation and hence will consume more energy in cooling and lighting. It recommends the re-introduction of appropriate window systems and construction techniques for the tropical environment to reduce heat stress build-up within building units. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2021-07-09 Full Text: PDF
The Effect of Shear Wall Openings on the Response Reduction Factor Nasr E. Nasr; M. N. Fayed; Gamal Hussien; A. M. El-Makhlasawi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2022): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-013

Abstract

This research attempts to investigate the effect of shear wall openings on the response reduction factor. Openings are commonly necessary because of other engineering disciplines’ requirements. When openings are modest in proportion to the size of the wall, their effects are frequently disregarded. On the other hand, when these openings are large or located in a high-risk area, they can have a significant impact. A broad literature review has been conducted in the present study. A verified comparative example consisting of eight stories was studied. Then, a numerical study has been conducted on two different model sets with 16 and 8 stories, which were designed according to the Egyptian code of loads, ECP-201 (2012), and checked according to the Euro code, EC8 (2004). ETABS software was used to conduct pushover analysis before and after applying different-sized openings. The ground-opening effect has also been studied. The results show that by increasing the opening area, the R-factor was reduced. It is more influenced by the opening height than the width, though. By increasing the number of stories, the reduction percentage in the R-Factor increased for openings that are less than 30% of the wall area. The R-factor increases slightly when half of the reinforcement bars are added. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-013 Full Text: PDF
Punching Shear Strength Prediction for Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs without Shear Reinforcement Hani Qadan; Amjad A. Yasin; Ahmad B. Malkawi; Muhmmad I. M Rjoub
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2022): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-013

Abstract

Failure of flat slabs usually occurs by punching shear mode. Current structural codes provide an experience-based design provision for punching shear strength which is often associated with high bias and variance. This paper investigates the effect of adding a horizontal reinforcement mesh at the top of the slab-column connection zone on punching the shear strength of flat slabs. A new equation considering the effect of adding this mesh was proposed to determine the punching shear strength. The proposed equation is based on the Critical Shear Crack Theory combined with the analysis of results extracted from previous experimental and theoretical studies. Moreover, the equation of load-rotation curves for different steel ratios together with the failure criterion curves were evaluated to get the design points. The investigated parameters were the slab thicknesses and dimensions, concrete strengths, size of the supporting column, and steel ratios. The model was validated using a new set of specimens and the results were also compared with the predictions of different international design codes (ACI318, BS8110, AS3600, and Eurocode 2). Statistical analysis provides that the proposed equation can predict the punching shear strength with a level of high accuracy (Mean Square Error =2.5%, Standard Deviation =0.104, Mean=1.0) and over a wide range of reinforcement ratios and compressive strengths of concrete. Most of the predictions were conservative with an underestimation rate of 12%. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-01-013 Full Text: PDF
Compression Splices of Reinforcing Bars in Reactive Powder Concrete Hussein Al-Quraishi; Mahdi Al-Farttoosi; Raad Abdulkhudhur
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 10 (2019): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2019-03091406

Abstract

Compression splices are widely used in compression members such as columns in multi- story buildings. There are efficient design equations for compression splice of reinforcement embedded in conventional concrete proposed by design codes of practice. However, there is no design equation for compression splice in compression members made of reactive powder concrete (RPC). So, it is required to introduce a design equation to calculate the steel bars lap splice length of RPC compression members. In this study, an experimental work was conducted to investigate the effect of different variables on compression splices strength. These variables were compressive strength of concrete, transverse reinforcement amount, splice length, yield stress of reinforcement and spliced rebar diameter. The experimental results showed that; Increase in the yield stress of reinforcing bars, length of spliced bars and compressive strength of concrete result in increasing in splice strength. Meanwhile, increase in diameter of reinforcing bars result in decreasing in compression splice strength. The increase in the amount of transverse reinforcement has insignificant effect on compression spliced strength of rebar. Finite element analysis was used to analyze the tested specimens and compared between numerical and experimental result was carried out. The numerical and experimental ultimate load and load-deflection behavior is very close to each other. Finite element method was used to investigate a wide range of experimental variables values through a parametric analysis. A new proposing equation for compression splicing of rebar in RPC column is presented in this research.
Reactive Powder Concrete with Steel, Glass and Polypropylene Fibers as a Repair Material Lamyaa Gh. Salim; Haider M. Al-Baghdadi; Haitham H. Muteb
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 5, No 11 (2019): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2019-03091422

Abstract

Repairing of reinforced concrete structures is currently a major challenge in the construction industry and is being put back into operation with a slight loss in load carrying capacity. Damage occurs due to many factors that reduce the strength of concrete structures and their durability. The aim of this paper is study the compatibility between three types of reactive powder concrete with (steel fibre, glass fibre and polypropylene fibre) as a repair materials and normal strength concrete as a substrate concrete. Compatibility was investigated in three steps. First: individual properties for substrate concrete were studied, these are (slump test, compressive strength, splitting strength, and flexural strength) also, for repair material these are (compressive strength and flexural strength) were determined by using standard ASTM test methods. Second: bond strength of composite cylinder for substrate concrete with different repair materials were evaluated by using slant shear test. Third: compatibility was investigated by using composite prisms of substrate concrete with different repair materials under two-point loading (flexural strength test). From the experimental results concluded, bond strength between reactive powder concrete with glass fibre as a repair material and normal strength concrete as a substrate layer is higher (17.38Mpa) compared with RPC with steel fibre (13.13Mpa) and polypropylene fibre (14.31MPa). Also, it is more compatible due to flexural strength for composite prisms (having higher flexural strength (8.13MPa). Compared with steel fibre (7.44MPa) and polypropylene fibre (6.47MPa). These results due to RPC with glass fibre have good workability with suitable flowability and glass fibre have higher tensile strength compare with other fibre.
The Effects of Spillway Width on Outflow Discharge and Flow Elevation for the Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) Yeri Sutopo; Karuniadi Satrio Utomo; Naufal Tinov
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2022): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-08

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of spillway width on flow elevation at the weir crest based on the flood discharge design for the Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) return period using flood routing hydrologically at the Cacaban Dam (Indonesia). The rainfall Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) design uses the Hershfield Equation. The design of the flood discharge analysis of QPMF used the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (HSS). Flood routing uses the hydrologic routing method. The Cacaban Dam is located in Jati Village, Kedung Banteng District, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The results of the research data analysis showed that increased spillway crest widths led to decreased flow evaluation at the spillway crest, and increased outflow discharge. Thus, if a large storage volume of the reservoir is intended, then the width of the spillway crest must be reduced. Otherwise, the width of the spillway crest must be increased. In terms of flood control in the Tegal Regency, it's better to make the crest of the spillway smaller. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-08 Full Text: PDF
Application of Improved GMDH Models to Predict Local Scour Depth at Complex Bridge Piers Habibeh Ghodsi; Mohammad Javad Khanjani
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 1 (2020): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091454

Abstract

Scour depth prediction is a vital issue in bridge pier design. Recently, good progress has been made in the development of artificial intelligence (AI) to predict scour depth around hydraulic structures base such as bridge piers. In this study, two hybrid intelligence models based on combination of group method of data handling (GMDH) with harmony search algorithm (HS) and shuffled complex evolution (SCE) have been developed to predict local scour depth around complex bridge piers using 82 laboratory data measured by authors and  615 data points from published literature. The results were compared to conventional GMDH models with two kinds of transfer functions called GMDH1 and GMDH2. Based upon the pile cap location, data points were divided into three categories. The performance of all utilized models was evaluated by the statistical criteria of R, RMSE, MAPE, BIAS, and SI. Performances of developed models were evaluated by experimental data points collected in laboratory experiments, together with commonly empirical equations. The results showed that GMDH2SCE was the superior model in terms of all statistical criteria in training when the pile cap was above the initial bed level and completely buried pile cap. For a partially-buried pile cap, GMDH1SCE offered the best performance. Among empirical equations, HEC-18 produced relatively good performances for different types of complex piers. This study recommends hybrid GMDH models, as powerful tools in complex bridge pier scour depth prediction.
Trend Analysis of Meteorological Variables: Rainfall and Temperature Jada El Kasri; Abdelaziz Lahmili; Halima Soussi; Imane Jaouda; Maha Bentaher
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7, No 11 (2021): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091765

Abstract

The Souss-Massa region in southwestern Morocco is characterized by a semi-arid climate with high variability in rainfall. Frequent droughts and flash flood events combined with overexploitation of water resources in recent decades have had a significant impact on the human security and the economy which is mainly based on agriculture, tourism and fishery. For better management of extreme events and water resources under changing climatic conditions, a study was carried out to quantify the seasonal and annual variability and trends in rainfall and temperature over the past three decades with data from three stations. Climatological representative of the Souss-Massa region. The Mann-Kendall (MK) non-parametric test and the Sen’s slope are used to estimate the monotonic trend and magnitude of the trend of the variables, respectively. Statistical analysis of the rainfall series data set highlights that the occurrence of rainfall is unpredictable and irregular and the both the seasonal and annual rainfall trend appears negative (downward) for all the three climatological stations. The minimum temperature shows a remarkable increasing trend both on annual and seasonal scale while the maximum temperature registers a slightly increasing trend. The study presents some new insights on rainfall and temperature trends that will have significant impacts on the surface and groundwater resources of the region under changing climatic conditions. The results can help to prioritize new strategies to mitigate the risk of droughts, of floods and to manage water resources to sustain the dependence of agriculture tourism and fishery sectors in the region. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091765 Full Text: PDF
Active Earth Pressure Acting on Circular Shafts Using Numerical Approach Abdelmajid Meftah; Naïma Benmebarek; Sadok Benmebarek
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 8, No 4 (2022): April
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-09

Abstract

Retaining walls in axi-symmetric conditions and in plane strains have been widely treated in the literature using different approaches (limit equilibrium, limit analysis, slip line, and numerical techniques by finite elements or finite differences). The finite element or finite difference method provides more accurate solutions to the problem than the limit equilibrium method. In this paper, a new model of retaining wall in the axi-symmetry conditions under outward pressure is considered, this case can be widely used in the design of grain silos, buildings and road constructions. Numerical calculations using FLAC are reported to evaluate the evolution of the earth pressure distribution on a cylindrical wall filled with granular material and subjected to radial displacement. A parametric study is carried out in order to evaluate the distribution of the active earth pressure on the wall according to the radius, the angle of friction of the granular material, and the angle of friction of the interface granular material-wall. This study shows that there is an effect of the circular shape and the inclination of the wall on the active earth pressures. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-09 Full Text: PDF

Page 105 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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