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Civil Engineering Journal

cej
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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 1,848 Documents

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Motivational Factors for the Implementation of ISO-9001 in Construction Firms of Pakistan Akhund, Muhammad Akram; Memon, Aftab Hameed; Imad, Hafiz Usama; Siddiqui, Fida Hussain; Khoso, Ali Raza
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Motivating public and private construction firms to implement various management systems in their firms is not a simple job. Especially in Pakistan, management system is a new practice, most of the construction firms are not aware about the benefits of management system and what will be achieved after the implementation of management system. The implementation of ISO 9001 Quality Management System (QMS) in the construction industry is a continuing development method, particularly in small construction firms. On the other hand, the awareness level and readiness level of construction industry firms in Pakistan is yet very low as associated to other countries of Asia and Europe where ISO 9001 initiated. The purpose current study is to determine most responsible factors which will motivate the public and private construction firms of Pakistan to adopt the QMS (ISO 9001). A questionnaire survey was conducted and a total of 337 out of 553 questionnaires were received from public and private construction firms of AZBAGIKHPUSI areas. The analysis results depict 3 significant factors, which will motivate construction firms of Pakistan to implement ISO 9001 are (1) to qualify for bidding (2) to improve quality management system of company (3) to reduce wastage. Hence, based on these results and findings, the construction companies require ISO 9001 certification system and registration with Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC) as a constitution passed for the construction firms then to qualify for the bidding.

Seismic Capacity Assessment of Existing RC Building by Using Pushover Analysis Mohammed Ismaeil
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The infrastructure, existing in Sudan, is mostly not structured or designed to resist seismic forces accordingly. The study investigated the seismic damage of a 5 storey existing reinforced concrete building in Khartoum, Sudan. Three performance levels were considered in the study, which included immediate occupancy, life safety, and collapse prevention. The gravity push was carried out using force control method and lateral push with displacement control, using SAP2000. Pushover analysis produces push curve, consisting of capacity spectrum, demand spectrum, and performance point. It showed the performance level of building components along with maximum base shear carrying capacity. It has been observed that demand curve intersected the capacity curve between the points B and C at the X direction that is life safety level; and between the points B and C at the Y direction that is life safety and collapse prevention level. Therefore, some building elements are needed to be strengthened.

Effects of Waste Glass Powder on the Geotechnical Properties of Loose Subsoils Siyab Khan, Muhammad; Tufail, Muhammad; Mateeullah, Mateeullah
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Foundation soils are most affected by different problems when it comes to the loose soil having low shear strength and bearing capacity. Failure of the soil with settlement and shear arises when the shear stresses in the soil exceed the limit. This study is keen to observe the effects of utilization of waste broken glass in the enhancement of Geotechnical properties of soil by performing different laboratory tests. Collection of the soil sample from was concluded from Pabbi, Peshawar, KPK, and Pakistan, which is a low strength soil, are also being called soft soil having low bearing capacity. Furthermore, this particular soil was needed to be enhanced. The physical, chemical and engineering properties of virgin soil were contemplated and the soil was treated with added substances of Glass Powder to stabilize the local soil. Addition of Glass Powder was finished in different proportions that are 4%, 8% and 12% etc. Performance of different tests as Gradation, Specific Gravity, Standard Proctor compaction, Atterberg Limits, Direct Shear, CBR and so forth were done. The results were concluded, based on the Glass Dust stabilization analysis. It was obtained that pulverized glass can be effectively used as a soil stabilizer as mainly the strength characteristics were observed to be valeted. The Results showed that the gradation of soil is narrow from the particle size analysis. Plasticity index (P.I), Liquid limit (L.L) and plastic limit (P.L) were decreased with the addition of Glass powder. The reason behind decreasing P.I is maybe the fact that the Glass powder is cohesionless. Ideal percentage of Glass Powder as a stabilizer is 8%. Such improvements included an achievement of the highest CBR obtained at the 4%, 8% and 12% of powdered glass content. The reason is that the glass is pozzolanic material when blended with soil gives additional strength. The achievement of the increasing rate of the values of angle of internal friction on 4% and 8% and decreasing rate of values obtained at 12% powdered glass substances. Cohesion rate decreases up to 8% and starts increasing at 12%. Maximum dry density increasing as the density of glass is higher than such soil and Optimum moisture content (OMC) is decreasing because of low absorption capacity of glass. The study showed that the best stabilizer for the case study (Pabbi, Peshawar) is the Glass Powder and the optimum dose is 8 %.

Stability Control of Narmab Dam and Sensitivity Analysis of Reliability Coefficients Bahrami Balfeh Teimouri, Atanaz; Bagherzadeh Khalkhali, Ahad
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Static and quasi-static stability analysis of embankment dams is of vital importance in different stages of damâ€™s design, construction and operation. The stability can be studied using different techniques which are generally analyzed through Limit Equilibrium Method. Base on this main method, the critical slip surface is selected and the shear strength required to counter the slip at the selected surface is obtained and compared with shear strength of the soil at that surface in order to obtain confidence coefficient. In the present research, the Geo-studio Slope/w software that is a geotechnical software based on finite element method and is widely used in geotechnical field, is employed in order to analyze the stability of the body and foundation of Narmab dam in Golestan province. Narmab dam is a homogeneous embankment dam with a height of 60 m, crest length of 807 m and reservoir volume of 115 million cubic meters. The confidence coefficients provided by the software are compared to the permissible confidence coefficients. Moreover, the sensitivity of the confidence coefficients values to the changes in the effective factors, adhesion and internal friction coefficient, is analyzed. The analyses were performed on 8 values (Â±5, Â±10, Â±15, Â±20) of c and Ï† and the obtained values of confidence coefficients were compared. In addition, a comparison was made between different methods of stability analysis. According to the static and quasi-static conditions, Narmab dam is stable in all loading stages (End of Construction, First Impounding and Steady State Seepage and In general, only for the static conditions of the end of construction stage, the sensitivity of adhesion is greater than the angle of internal friction, but, in other conditions and stages, the sensitivity of friction angle has more effects.

The Effectiveness Investigation of New Retrofitting Techniques for RC Frame against Progressive Collapse MohsenAli Shayanfar; Mohammad Bigonah; Danial Sobhani; Masoud Zabihi-Samani
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Progressive collapse in a building has caused local and subsequent damage throughout the system to spread and large-scale causes the collapse of the entire building. Progressive collapse is usually due to fire, gas explosion, terrorist attack, vehicle collisions, misplaced design and construction. Therefore, it is necessary to study the iMPact of this phenomenon and rebuild the building against it. Based on this, in this research, we will examine and evaluate practical solutions for reinforcing reinforced concrete frames against progressive collapse. The proposed solutions in this study were the use of reinforcing bars at the top and bottom of the beam, the effect of the layout of the cross section reinforcement for the participation in the chain performance, the use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheet at the bottom and three sides of the beam and the effect of the additional layer of CFRP sheet in the section performance of the beam against progressive collapse. In this study, a 2-story frame is modeled using OpenSees software and retrofitted with the above techniques, and the effectiveness of each of these techniques is evaluated in the final performance. The results show that the best approach to reinforcing the beam is by rebar and CFRP, which has resulted in improved chain performance and the greatest reduction of vertical displacement in the beam.

A Systematic Review of Affective Factors on Locating Specialized Hospitals Mehrinejad Khotbehsara, Elham; Safari, Hossein
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Considering the importance of ways and accessibility in today's busy life, choosing the right place is one of the necessities of each project. It is worth saying that the sensitivity of the patient's condition and related issues has made the hospital locating more important and also it must be noted the different dimensions of health or disease affect each other and is influenced by each other. Indeed, data analysis suggests that the goal of designing a therapeutic centres should not only be included of physical therapy of individuals but in addition to the provision of health services, providing mental and psychological needs of users is one of the most basic design goals of such places. Therefore the hospital locating is taking place in Rasht led to a tree diagram for hospital locating factors based on a summary of scientists and researchers backgrounds which corresponding analysis was made by analysing the selected site and numbering matrixes based on tree diagram. The results of the matrix with an average of 1.31 out of 2 indicate that the selected field is suitable to construct a hospital from locating perspective.

Cross Sectional Crash Severity Analysis among Various Vehicle Driver Characteristics Amir Abbas Rassafi; Mirbahador Yazdani; Bahram Shirini
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The current study evaluated road crashes in three categories of drivers: passenger car drivers, heavy vehicle drivers and pickup truck drivers. The crash data of road crashes that occurred from 2009 to 2012 in Iranian suburban roads were analyzed. The crashes involved 194,041 damage, 9,677 injury and 1,303 fatality crashes. Because of the ordinal nature of crash severity, ordered logit model was selected for each vehicle driver category. In the passenger car driver category, the independent variables of driver’s gender, driver’s age and driver’s educational level (uneducated, less than high school diploma, high school diploma) were obtained for modeling; in the heavy vehicle driver category, the independent variables of driver’s age and driver’s educational level (uneducated, less than high school diploma) were obtained for modeling, and in the pickup truck driver category, the independent variables of driver’s age and driver’s educational level (uneducated, high school diploma) were obtained for modeling. The variable of driver’s gender with respect to passenger cars shows that crashes by female drivers are more severe than those involving male drivers in suburban roads. Regarding the variable of driver’s age, if the driver’s age increases in each vehicle driver category, the probability of occurrence of a severe crash will decrease. The variable of driver’s educational level shows that the severity of crashes involving a driver that has a low level of education is more compared with a driver that has a high level of education.

Effects of Temperature in Different Initial Duration Time for Soft Clay Stabilized by Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Abdalla Mohammed Shihab; Jasim M Abbas; Amer M Ibrahim
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

When soft clay soils are included in engineering projects, it’s stabilized usually with some kinds of admixtures named as stabilizers. The common stabilizers that highly practiced are OPC, lime, high calcium fly ash (FA), etc. Each one of these stabilizers has its shortcomings. Geopolymers are the product of alkali activated aluminosilicate sources that excelled as an alternative to ordinary binders due to its sustainability, low cost and good mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of some key elements like liquid over fly ash ratio (Liq/FA), initial duration curing time (D) and its temperature to soil – FA based Geopolymers samples characterized by its unconfined compressive strength testing (UCS), volumetric measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The Liq/FA taken as 2.71, 3.167, 3.8 and 4.75 respectively and the duration time taken were 1, 6, 18 and 24 hrs. respectively. The tests results showed that the maximum peak strength gain when Liq/FA is 3.8 at 90 oC with 24 hrs. D. It was observed that Young’s Modulus increased with increasing curing temperature for certain D. Volumetric strain increased by increasing D and its temperature. SEM and XRD analyses confirmed the Geopolymers gels formation for a selective precursor while EDX analyses showed that silicon over aluminium ratio is 1.38 for selective spectrum within the gel to the same mixture.

The Idea of Designing an Amphitheater in the Besh Qardash of Bojnord (Tourist Destination and Recreational Region) with Stretch Fabric Structures Mojgan Ghorbanzadeh
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

One of the criteria for sustainable design is "the principle of adaptation to local regions". In this case, the native, historical, cultural and specific characteristics of the region are considered. This study tried to use an idea of designing an amphitheater in the Besh Qardash of Bojnourd (tourist destination and recreational region) with stretch fabric structures as the contemporary structural systems that have a certain similarity to nomadic tents which along with being in line with the historical and cultural elements of the region, including the historical tomb next to the spring, present a combination of modern and local architecture. This can be a great help to hold ceremonies and cultural events in this location, such as holding traditional wrestling competitions (Ba Chukhe) and horse racing (Turkman horse) in special time of the year. In the following parts, along with introducing the geographical and climatic conditions of the region by examining the technical and executive characteristics of stretch fabric structures, the results will be presented.

A Fuzzy Inference System in Constructional Engineering Projects to Evaluate the Design Codes for RC Buildings Reza Kamgar; Sayyed Morteza Hatefi; Noorollah Majidi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 9 (2018): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Economical design of a building is one of the main aims that should be followed because of its importance in constructional projects. In order to have an economical design, longitudinal reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete members are among those parts of the structure that can be designed economically. The application of fuzzy inference systems provides an effective tools to handle the uncertainties and subjectivities arising in the designing process of buildings. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to propose a fuzzy inference system to evaluate the building design codes from an economical point of view. For this purpose, after designing the mentioned fuzzy inference system, three examples of three-dimensional concrete buildings are analyzed and designed using different codes. For all these codes, the structural properties of concrete buildings, the gravity and the seismic loads are considered to be the same. Finally, it finds that the fuzzy logic theory is an effective and practical tool to compute a value that shows the distance between the designed building and the economically designed building. Also, it concludes that between the studied codes, (EUROCODE 2-1992, Hong Kong CP-04, CSA A23.3-04 and ACI 318-05), the ACI 318-05 and Hong Kong CP04 codes lead to a more economical design for taller buildings. For low-rise buildings, the CSA A23.3-04 and ACI 318-05 codes lead to an economical design. Also, the EUROCODE 2-1992 has a minimum value for the economical design of all the considered buildings.

Page 36 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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