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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 82   83   84   85   86 
Fuzzy Knowledge Based System for Suitability of Soils in Airfield Applications Sujatha, A.; Govindaraju, L.; Shivakumar, N.; Devaraj, V.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2021): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091643

Abstract

Proper design of roads and airfield pavements requires an in-depth soil properties evaluation to determine suitability of soil. Soft computing is used to model soil classification system's dynamic behaviour and its properties. Soft computing is based on methods of machine learning, fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks, expert systems, genetic algorithms. Fuzzy system is a strong method for mimicking human thought and solves question of confusion. This paper proposes a new decision-making approach for soil suitability in airfield applications without a need to perform any manual works like use of tables or chart. A fuzzy knowledge - based approach is built to rate soil suitability in qualitative terms for airfield application. The proposed model describes a new technique by defining fuzzy descriptors using triangular functions considering the index properties of soils as input parameters and fuzzy rules are generated using fuzzy operators to classify soil and rate its suitability for airfield applications. The data obtained from the results of the laboratory test are validated with the results of the fuzzy knowledge-based system indicating the applicability of the Fuzzy model created. The approach developed in this work is more skilled to other prevailing optimization models. Due to its system’s flexibility, it can be suitably customized and applied to laboratory test data available, thus delivering a wide range for any geotechnical engineer. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091643 Full Text: PDF
An Improved CTM Model for Urban Signalized Intersections and Exploration of Traffic Evolution Arlinda A. Rrecaj; Vlera Alimehaj; Marija Malenkovska; Cvetko Mitrovski
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7, No 2 (2021): February
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091659

Abstract

In this paper is going to be proposed a Cell Transmission Model (CTM), its analysis and evaluation with a case study, which addresses in a detailed way the aspect of merging and diverging operations on urban arterials. All those few CTM models that have been developed so far, to model intersections, have some limitations and drawbacks. First, unlike the simple composition road networks, such as highways, urban arterials must include some complex parts called merge sand diverges, due to the fact of vibrational values of reduced capacity, reduced saturation flow rate, etc. In order to simulate an urban network/arterial it is not possible to neglect the traffic signal indication on the respective time step. The objective of this paper is to highlight the difference between the results of the original CTM and our proposed CTM and to provide evidence that the later one is better than the old one.  The proposed and formulated model will be employed through an algorithm of CTM to model a segment- arterial road of Pristina (compound from signalized intersections). For the functionalization and testing of the proposed model is build the experimental setup that is compatible with the algorithm created on C# environment. Results show that the proposed model can describe light and congested traffic condition. In light traffic conditions, in great mass traffic flow is dictated by the traffic signal status, while in medium congestion is obtained a rapid increase of the density to each cell. Fluctuations of the density from the lowest to the highest values are obvious during the first three cycles to all cells of the artery in a congested traffic state. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091659 Full Text: PDF
Inelastic Analysis of Mdof Systems Damaged by Earthquakes, Posteriorly Subjected to Wind Load Oualid Badla; T. Bouzid; P. Martinez Vazquez
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7, No 3 (2021): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091675

Abstract

This paper deals with the analysis of the inelastic response of buildings originally damaged by earthquakes and subjected to earthquake aftershock and wind loading. The overall aim is to establish the effect of wind actions on structural stability. To that end, one four-story bare frame benchmarked by the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment, is subject to various levels of winds and earthquake joint load while monitoring changes on the ductility demand. In this paper is shown that the combined action of strong winds and earthquakes, however its low probability of occurrence, would cause a decrease of strength reduction factors and considerably increase the ductility demand of damaged infrastructure hence inducing additional risks that would otherwise remain unquantified. The paper examines the non-linear performance of Multi-degree of freedom systems subject to various levels of winds and earthquake load and deals with the estimation of strength reduction factors. This is a relatively unexplored area of research which builds on past developments whereby inelastic performance of buildings has been discussed. It also links to various other paths of development such as structural reliability, forensic and control systems engineering. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091675 Full Text: PDF
Performance of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Various Ratios of Hybrid GFRP/Steel Bars Phan Duy Nguyen; Vu Hiep Dang; Ngoc Anh Vu
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 9 (2020): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091572

Abstract

This paper aims to study the flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with hybrid combinations of GFRP/steel bars. To this purpose an experimental program was carried out on four concrete beams reinforced with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) and twelve hybrid GFRP/steel Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams. Flexural behavior of the tested beams such as stages of response, failure modes, crack patterns, stiffness, toughness and ductility were analyzed. The experimental results showed that depending on GFRP/steel reinforcement configurations, the behavior of hybrid GFRP/steel RC beams undergoes three or four stages, namely: pre-cracking stage; after concrete cracking and before steel yielding; post-yield stage of the steel bar until peak load and failure stage. Totally six failure modes of hybrid RC beams are reported depending on reinforcement rations and configuration. The effect of reinforcement configuration and ratio of GFRP to steel (ρg) on the crack patterns, stiffness, ductility and toughness of hybrid RC beams are significant. Based on the non-linear deformation model, an analytical model has been developed and validated to determine the steel yielding moment and ultimate moment of hybrid GFRP/steel RC beams. It could be seen that the experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted values.
Optimization of Bituminous Pavement Thickness using Mechanistic-Empirical Strain-Based Design Approach Sahis, Manoj Kumar; Biswas, Partha Pratim
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7, No 5 (2021): May
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091691

Abstract

The pavement in this paper has been considered as a three layered system with the top layer of bituminous mix followed by unbound granular layer which rests on soil subgrade. The objective of the paper is to develop an optimization method based on mechanistic –empirical approach for estimation of bituminous and granular layer thickness. Two major modes of failure as rutting and fatigue have been considered for structural design of bituminous road section on strain based criteria. The vertical compressive strain on the top of subgrade and radial tensile strain at the bottom of bituminous layer have been determined by Boussinesq’s theory after transforming the three layered system in to a homogeneous system by Odemark’s method. The findings from the present study reveals that only one typical combination of bituminous and granular layer thickness is possible to save the pavement both against rutting and fatigue. The result of layer thickness obtained using present methodology was compared with other international published data and was found in good agreement. The pavement deflection as a performance indicator for the optimized pavement section thus obtained have been determined by Odemark's-Boussinesq's approach and compared with the deflection obtained using IITPAVE and KENPAVE software, which show reasonable good convergence. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091691 Full Text: PDF
Impact of Fire on Mechanical Properties of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete (SIFCON) Anwar Saad Abbas; Mohammed Mansour Kadhum
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6 (2020): Special Issue "Emerging Materials in Civil Engineering"
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-02

Abstract

This research aims to shed light on the fire flame effect on some mechanical properties of SIFCON samples, such as compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity and comparing the results with CEN design curve and CEB. Higher temperature resistance is one of the most important parameters affecting the durability and service life of the material. This study comprised of casting and testing SIFCON specimens with 6% fiber volume before and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Two fire exposure duration of 1 and2 hours were investigate. In addition to room temperature, Silica fume was used as a partial replacement (10%) by weight of cement. It was found from the results achieved that after exposure to high temperatures, compressive strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus decreased. The drastically reduction of compressive strength took place with increasing temperature.  The residual compressive strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus at 1010 °C were in the range of (58.4 to 80.1%), (81.6 to 78.7%) and (30.4 to 32.8%) respectively. The compressive strength test results of this study together with results obtained by other investigators were compared with CEB strength-reduction curve and that of CEN. It was noticed that the test results agreed with CEN design curve rather than with that of CEB.
Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Steel Lattice Transmission Towers Uğur Albayrak; Loai A. M. Morshid
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 10 (2020): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091600

Abstract

The electricity transmission systems are an important lifeline for modern societies. They are used for overhead power lines as supporting structures. Transmission towers are designed to meet electrical and structural requirements. They are designed according to the weight of conductors and environmental effects such as wind and ice loads. They also considered other extraordinary stresses such as cable breakage and ice-breaking effects. Because of a common perception that transmission line (TL) towers show low sensitivity to earthquakes, the effects of the earthquake in TL tower construction are not considered. For this reason, TL towers are investigated with regard to the seismic performance in this study. The principal objectives of this research are: i) to assess the sensitivity of typical TL towers to earthquake loads, ii) to retrofit an existing steel lattice tower using a new section Centre To Center (CTC). In this study, a finite element model of a representative 154 KV transmission tower in Turkey was performed using a set of 10 recorded earthquake ground movements. The four-legged square TL tower has been analyzed and designed for Turkey, Eskisehir seismic zone considering 42.95 m height using finite element (FE) software. Therefore, a new section Centre To Center (CTC) type has been designed and the failed sections have been replaced with a designed section using the SAP2000 section designer. The results show that the load of failure increased after retrofitting. The retrofitting method was effective and easily conducted in fields. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091600 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Admixtures on Mechanical Properties of Cementitious Mortar Ahmed Jawad Shaukat; Hu Feng; Anwar Khitab; Ahmad Jan
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6, No 11 (2020): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091610

Abstract

In the current study, the primary focus is to investigate the effect of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), silica fume and fly ash on compressive and flexure strengths of cementitious mortar. Three types of specimens are prepared; the first series comprises of control specimen; the second one consists of the mortar’s specimen modified with SBR and the third one consists of the mortar’s specimen modified with SBR in a combination of fly ash and silica fumes. Mortar samples are cast in the weight ratio of 1:2.75 (cement: sand). The SBR is added at a rate of 20% of the mass of cement. The water to cement ratio (W/C) is kept at 0.5 for control specimens and the quantity of mixing water in SBR-containing samples is reduced by the same amount as the SBR is added: The adjustment is meant to obtain same consistency for all the specimens.  20% fly ash and 2.5% silica fume are added to the mortar as replacement of cement. Compressive and flexure tests are carried out according to ASTM standards. Moreover, SEM is also performed on samples at the age of 28 days. Studies reveal that SBR and SCMs reduce the mechanical strength of the mortars. SEM and EDS studies show that SBR hinders the formation of albite, whereas silica content from silica fumes and fly ash converts CaCO3 to Wollastonite (a white loose powder), which is responsible for the reduction of mechanical strength. The study also confirms that the addition of SBR in place of water hinders the formation of primary and secondary hydration products. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091610 Full Text: PDF
Torsional Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Externally-Bonded Fibre Reinforced Polymer: An Energy Absorption Evaluation Mahir M. Hason; Ammar N. Hanoon; Ahmed W. Al Zand; Ali A. Abdulhameed; Ali O. Al-Sulttani
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 6 (2020): Special Issue "Emerging Materials in Civil Engineering"
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-07

Abstract

The impacts of numerous important factors on the Energy Absorption (EA) of torsional Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams strengthened with external FRP is the main purpose and innovation of the current research. A total of 81 datasets were collected from previous studies, focused on the investigation of EA behaviour. The impact of nine different parameters on the Torsional EA of RC-beams was examined and evaluated, namely the concrete compressive strength (f’c), steel yield strength (fy), FRP thickness (tFRP), width-to-depth of the beam section (b/h), horizontal (ρh) and vertical (ρv) steel ratio, angle of twist (θu), ultimate torque (Tu), and FRP ultimate strength (fy-FRP). For the evaluation of the energy absorption capacity at different levels, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was implemented in this study. Also, to fit the measured results, Quadratic and Line models were created. The results show that the RSM technique is a highly significant tool that can be applied not only to energy absorption-related problems examined in this research, but also to other engineering problems. An agreement is observed between Pareto and standardized charts with the literature showing that the EA capacity of the torsional FRP-RC beams is mostly affected by the concrete compressive strength, followed by the vertical reinforcement ratio. The newly suggested model in this article exhibits a satisfactory correlation co-efficient (R), of about 80%, with an adequate level of accuracy. The obtained results also reveal that the EA acts as a safety index for the FRP-strengthened RC beams exposed to torsional loadings to avoid sudden structural damage. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-07 Full Text: PDF
Parametric Study of Sheet Pile Wall using ABAQUS Taku Muni; Dipika Devi; Sukumar Baishya
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2021): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091638

Abstract

In the present study two-dimensional finite element analysis has been carried out on cantilever sheet pile wall using ABAQUS/Standard software to study the effect of different friction angles and its related parameters such as dilation angle, the interfacial friction coefficient between soil-wall on earth pressure distribution, and wall deformation. From the results obtained, it is found that there is a significant decrease in wall deformation with an increase in the angle of internal friction and its related parameters. The earth pressure results obtained from the finite element analysis shared a unique relationship with that of a conventional method. Both the results showed similar linear behavior up to a certain percentage of wall height and then changed drastically in lower portions of the wall. This trend of behavior is seen in both active as well as in passive earth pressure distribution for all the frictional angle. Hence, after comparing the differences that exist in the results for both methods, from the analysis a new relationship between the earth pressure coefficients from a conventional method and the finite element method has been developed for both active and passive earth pressure on either side of the sheet pile wall. This relationship so derived can be used to compute more reasonable earth pressure distributions for a sheet pile wall without carrying out a numerical analysis with a minimal time of computation. And also the earth pressure coefficient calculated from this governing equation can serve as a quick reference for any decision regarding the design of the sheet pile wall. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091638 Full Text: PDF

Page 84 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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