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Buletin Farmatera

buletin_farmatera
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Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

ISSN : 2528410X EISSN : 2528410X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 6 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2018)" : 6 Documents clear

Perbandingan Ketamin Dosis 0.5 mg/KgBB/IV dan 1 mg/KgBB/IV Sebagai Preemptif Analgesia pada Paska Operasi Ginekologi dengan Anestesi Umum Andri Yunafri; A Sani P Nasution
Buletin Farmatera Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract: Excitatory amino acids participate in the activation of nociceptive dorsal horn neurons as agonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. A series of experimental data provides evidence that NMDA receptors play a significant role in neuronal plasticity and processes leading to central sensitization to pain. The concept of preemptive analgesia on the assumption that the administration of an analgesic drug before the occurrence of nociceptive input can prevent sensitization and thus improve postoperative analgesia. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that preemptive ketamine administration would further reduce postoperative pain in gynecology surgery. After institutional review board approved the study protocol, all patients gave informed, written consent. 60 patients were randomized to a preemptive Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg/iv (Group A) or Ketamine 1 mg/kg/iv (Group B). Preoperatively visual analog scale (VAS) for pain assessment. Patient received premedication with midazolam 0.1 mg/kg iv, sulfas atropin 0.01 mg/kg at the operating room. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg/iv, fentanyl 2 μg/kg/iv, and rocuronium 1 mg/kg/iv was administered to facilitate tracheal intubation. Maintenance of anesthesia consisted of O2:N2O = 50%:50% and isoflurane 1%. In both groups, ketamine bolus IV was administered after induction of general anesthesia and 10 minute before incision. HR and BP was recorded during operation. Post operative pain assessed with VAS at 0.5, 1, 2, 8, 16, and 24 hour. Time first analgesic (TFA) was recorded, and if VAS pain scores > 3 cm (0= no pain, 10 = worst pain imaginable). Total fentanyl consumption were recorded for the post surgery. The first analgesic required time was significantly shorter in groups A as compared with group B (p=0.0001). Group B had significantly decreased postoperative pain scores (VAS) at 0.5, 1, and 2 hours (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences VAS score between the two grups at 8, 16, and 24 hours post surgery (p>0.05). Conclusion, ketamine 1 mg/kg intravena provide better preemptive analgesia in the first 2 hours post surgery, but both groups perform the same preemptive analgesia within 24 hours of post gynecology operation.Key words: analgesia; ketamine; preemptive; gynecology; surgery pain

Hubungan Antara Gangguan Pendengaran dengan Prestasi Akademik Siswa Kelas VI di Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah 8 Medan Tekto Yudo Frassetyo Darmito; Muhammad Edy Syahputra Nasution; Siti Masliana Siregar; Desi Isnayanti
Buletin Farmatera Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract : There are 278 million people affected by hearing loss in the world. The absorption of information by listening is greater than reading. Primary school students with hearing loss have difficulty in learning various aspects of verbal communication compared to normal children. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the hearing loss with the achievement of grade 6 students of a primary school. This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach to 52 students. The data obtained from physical examination of the ear, tuning fork examination, pure tone audiometry examination, and student’s academic achievement report cards. Hearing function, degree of hearing loss, and academic achievement in each subject are described in descriptive statistics. Fisher exact test is used to find the relationship between hearing loss and academic achievement in every subject at school. There was a significant relationship between hearing loss and academic achievement based on Indonesian subjects (p = 0,013), English (p = 0,026), and mathematics (p = 0,007). There is a significant relationship between the hearing loss and the achievement of grade 6 students of the primary school.Keywords: academic achievement, hearing disorder, primary school

Analisis Peranan Terapis terhadap Perkembangan Bahasa pada Pasien Autisme di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung Tahun 2017 Festy Ladyani; Febri Veronika Silaban
Buletin Farmatera Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstrak: Autisme adalah gangguan perkembangan perpasif pada anak yang ditandai dengan adanya gangguan dan keterlambatan dalam bidang kognitif, bahasa, perilaku, dan interaksi sosial. Penderita autisme akan menghambat perkembangan anak baik dari segi fisik maupun mental. Penyebab autisme adalah gangguan neurobiologis berat yang mempengaruhi fungsi otak sedemikian rupa sehingga anak tidak mampu berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi pada perkembangan bahasa dengan dunia luar secara efektif. Dengan adanya peranan terapis penderita autisme dapat diterapi untuk memperbaiki fungsi otak secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peranan terapis terhadap perkembangan bahasa pada pasien autisme di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan jenis data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh langsung dari 1 sampel dan 3 informan melalui teknik wawancara terstruktur atau wawancara terbuka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terapis sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan bahasa dan komunikasi pasien autisme untuk interaksi sosial.Kata kunci : Peranan Terapis, Kemampuan Berbahasa, Autisme

Perbedaan Kadar Gula Darah dan Tekanan Darah Penderita Stroke Iskemik Baru dan Rekuren di RSU Haji Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2015-2016 Ilham Kurniawan; Meizly Andina
Buletin Farmatera Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract: Stroke is the third leading cause of global premature death every year, in 2015 is estimated to be 6.2 million deaths caused by stroke. Furthermore, stroke is the main cause of death in vast majority hospitals through Indonesia, which is approximately 15.4%. According to Riset Basic Health 2013 survey, the prevalence of stroke has increased numerously from 8.3 per mile in 2007 to 12.1 per mile in 2013. Risk factors for stroke consist of high blood pressure and high glucose level,. The stroke patient has systolic and diastolic blood pressure of >140 mmHg and>120 mmHg, respectively. To obtain the distinction between blood-glucose level and blood pressure of acute and recurrent ischemic stroke patients at RSU Haji Province North Sumatera 2015-2016. Descriptive analytics research using medical records. The mean blood pressure of patients with acute ischemic stroke was obtained by systolic and diastolic as follows: 166,02 mmHg and 103,46 mmHg, with blood-glucose of 154,11 mmHg, by age 61-70 years at most by 28 people (16.9%) are mainly women with 44 people (26.5%). While the mean blood pressure of recurrent ischemic stroke by systolic and diastolic as follows: 165,88 mmHg and 105,28 mmHg, with blood glucose of 153,95 mmHg, with age 51-60 years by 30 people (18.1%),mainly male with the total number of 47 people (28,3%). There is no difference between blood-glucose level and blood pressure of acute and recurrent ischemic stroke patient (p>0,05).Keywords: Blood glucose, blood pressure, acute ischemic stroke,recurrent ischemic stroke.

Hubungan Merokok dengan Hasil Pemeriksaan Bakteriologis Sputum pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Kategori I di Puskesmas Teladan Kota Medan Tahun 2017 Rahmayuli, Putri; Lubis, Debby Mirani
Buletin Farmatera Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria attack the lungs, but can also affect other organs. Smoking is one that increases the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis. The number and duration of active smoking has an effect on the risk of infection and the development of Tuberculosis. The objective of this study was to find out the correlation between smoking and sputum bacteriological examination in Category I pulmonary TB patients at Puskesmas Teladan Medan City 2017. The methods is analytic with cross sectional design. The sample of this research is total sampling from all data of medical record at Puskesmas Teladan which is 30 respondents. The analytical method used is chi-square. The result of the study showed that Category I pulmonary TB patients with smoking habit were 11 people (36.7%), and chi-square analysis showed significance value p = 0,000. The conclusion there was a correlation between smoking and bacteriological sputum examination in Category I pulmonary TB patients.Key word: Smoking, Bacteriological Sputum, Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Pengaruh Perbedaan Jenis Kelamin Terhadap Simtom Depresi Pasien Skizofrenia Di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Prof.Dr.M.Ildrem Kota Medan Sumatera Utara Pada Tahun 2017 Siti Andira; Nanda Sari Nuralita
Buletin Farmatera Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract: Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia are important not only because they contribute significantly to the suffering caused by the illness, whether positive psychotic symptoms are active or quiscent, but also because they exacerbate deficits in psychosocial functioning and commonly precede attempted and completed suicide. Depressiv symptoms in man often shows itself very differently from female depression, this means that they feel the same difficult emotion but their expression of them is notably different. Depression symptom in woman often express feeling of sadness and hopelessness, depression symptom in male often complain about the physical symptoms of depression, mask their depression with alkoholism or subtance abuce. This study was observational with cross sectional. Population in this study from outpatients in September-October 2017 in Psychiatric hospital Prof.Dr.M.Ildrem Medan, North Sumatera. The sample of the study consisted 113 patients which filtrated from inclusion and exclusion criteria, measuring depression symptom with Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II), data analyzed with person correlation using Mann-Whitney Test. The result was there has significant differences depression symptom between male (64,19) and female (40,97) patients schizophrenia. Depression symptoms in male schizoprenia patients is more serious p:0,01 (P:<0,05). The conclusion was there has significant differrences depression symptom between male and female patients schizophrenia.Keywords: Depression Symptom, Schizophrenia

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