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Buletin Farmatera
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 2528410X     EISSN : 2528410X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 251 Documents
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Effect of Vitamin E Use on Hot Flash Reduction in Menopausal Women Sibagariang, Fadlullah Asykari; Sinaga, Rahmanita
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 1 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract : Hot flash is a sudden hot sensation that usually appears in the chest, neck, and face, accompanied by sweating, heart palpitations, and can be triggered by a warm environment, hot drinks, or emotional stress. These symptoms are often the main reason women seek medical care during perimenopause because it can interfere with quality of life. Vitamin E, with its antioxidant properties, has been shown to be able to reduce the intensity and frequency of hot flashes through improved adrenal function. This study aims to assess the effect of Vitamin E administration on the reduction of hot flashes in menopausal women. The method used was an experiment with administering Vitamin E daily for four weeks to the study subjects. Data was obtained from a questionnaire of hot flash patients in 2022 at Bhayangkara Hospital Medan based on a doctor's examination and the HFRS scale. The results of the statistical test showed a P-Value of 0.000, lower than alpha 0.05, so the null hypothesis was rejected. In conclusion, Vitamin E is significantly effective in reducing hot flashes in menopausal women.
The Effect Of Smart Phone Use Intensity On Academic Procrastination And Learning Motivation Of Students At Muhammadiyah University Of North Sumatera Zulkarnain, Rif'at; Utami, Ratih Yulistika
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 1 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Indonesia is a country with more than 190 million smartphone users. This makes Indonesia the fourth largest smartphone user in the world after China, India, and the United States. Students tend to use smartphones with high intensity. High smartphone use can lead to smartphone addiction. Objective: to analyze the effect of smartphone usage intensity on academic procrastination behavior and learning motivation in students at the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra. Method: This research is an analytical study using a cross-sectional method, with a sample of 63 people divided into 7 people each from 9 faculties at the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra. The sampling technique uses the Probability Sampling procedure, namely Consecutive Sampling. All samples filled out three questionnaires to measure the intensity of smartphone use, learning motivation, and academic procrastination. The data obtained will be analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis techniques, then to test the hypothesis using the Spearman test to assess whether there is an influence between the independent and dependent variables. Results: The Spearman correlation test showed that smartphone usage intensity influenced academic procrastination among students at the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra, with a correlation coefficient of 0.790 (p-value of 0.001). The correlation coefficient of smartphone usage on learning motivation among students at the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra was -0.531 (p-value of 0.001), indicating a strong and negative relationship between the two variables. Conclusion: High smartphone usage intensity will increase academic procrastination, while high smartphone usage intensity will decrease student learning motivation.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Rumput Bambu (Lophatherum gracile) sebagai Hepatoprotektor pada Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus) Putra Fauzi, Zidan Imana; Suryani, Des
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 1 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: The use of paracetamol in toxic doses can cause impaired liver function. Bamboo grass is a plant that contains antioxidants, so it can be a hepatoprotector in protecting the liver from damage caused by paracetamol. The dose of Lopatherum gracile as a hepatoprotector has been studied in the dose range of 200 mg/kg body weight and 800 mg/kg body weight, with an effective dose result of 800 mg/kg body weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose of the hepatoprotector of bamboo grass extract against paracetamol-induced liver function in mice. This study is a true experiment with a post-test-only control group design. 5 groups were given treatment for 7 days, namely the negative control group (C-), positive control (C+), treatment 1 (T I): 400 mg/kg body weight, treatment 2 (T II): 600 mg/kg body weight, and treatment 3 (T III): 800 mg/kg body weight.  The SGOT and SGPT levels between groups were analysed by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni. The results of the ANOVA test showed a significant difference in the level of SGOT and SGPT, namely p=0.001. The post hoc test showed no significant difference in SGOT and SGPT levels between T(II) and T(III), with negative controls of p:0.242, and p:0.100, and there was no significant difference in average SGOT between T2 and T3. The effective dose of hepatoprotector of bamboo grass extract in a group of paracetamol-induced mice was 600 mg/kg body weight.
The Effect of Mangrove Leaf Extract (Rhizophora apiculata) on Blood Cholesterol Levels of White Mice (Mus musculus) Induced by Egg Yolk Yuliansyah, Putri Ridha; Nurfadly, Nurfadly; Purwiningsih, Emni; Lubis, Humairah Medina Liza
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 1 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Cholesterol is the primary sterol in the human body, produced by the liver. While essential, excessive cholesterol can accumulate as plaques in blood vessels. Rhizophora apiculata contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids, which are believed to influence HDL and LDL levels. This study aims to investigate the effect of Rhizophora apiculata leaf extract on HDL and LDL levels in male white mice (Mus musculus) induced with egg yolk. This true experimental study applied a post-test with a control group design. A total of 36 white mice were divided into six groups, consisting of negative, positive, and treatment groups. Mice were acclimatised for one week, induced with quail egg yolk, and administered Rhizophora apiculata leaf extract for 30 days. Blood HDL and LDL levels were then measured and analysed using One-way ANOVA. The Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s tests showed p-values 0.05. The One-way ANOVA indicated significant differences in HDL and LDL levels between groups (p0.05). LSD post hoc tests showed treatment groups P1, P2, and P3 differed significantly from the negative control. Rhizophora apiculata leaf extract affects HDL and LDL levels in male white mice induced by egg yolk.
Students' Perceptions of the Causes, Impacts, and Coping Strategies for Academic Procrastination at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Ritonga, Nurul Fitri; Utami, Ratih Yulistika
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 1 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Academic procrastination among university students is relatively high and has psychological impacts such as anxiety, depression, and stress. This study aims to determine the perceptions of students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (FK UMSU) regarding the causes, impacts, and strategies for managing academic procrastination. This study employed a mixed-methods approach with consecutive sampling involving 76 students. The quantitative findings showed that the majority of students, 59, had a moderate level of academic procrastination, while 11 had low and 6 had high levels. There were two categories of external factors (peers and time) and six categories of internal factors (behavioural, cognitive, physical, academic, interpersonal, and affective). Strategies for managing procrastination were classified into individual and group categories. Most FK UMSU students demonstrated a moderate level of academic procrastination. The contributing factors included peers and time management. Internal factors influencing procrastination were mood, motivation, task perception, academic ability, time management, and recreation. The impacts experienced by students covered behavioural, cognitive, physical, academic, interpersonal, and affective domains. Prevention strategies were categorised into individual and group approaches. 
The Relationship Between Elevated D-Dimer Levels And The Incidence Of Ischemic Stroke In Covid-19 Patients At Drs H. Amri Tambunan Regency, Deli Serdang Regency Novani, Dinda Dwi; Surya, Anita; Arifin, Hasanul; Irma, Fani Ade
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 1 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Acute ischemic stroke spreads from infected individuals, whether they are already showing symptoms or not. The initial symptom that often appears in infected individuals is fever, with a body temperature between 38.1 and 39°C. The mechanism of stroke in COVID-19 patients is caused by an increase in D-Dimer and fibrinogen, which are part of the coagulation pathway. Coagulation is related to the systemic inflammatory response caused by infection. The purpose of this study was to understand and further examine the relationship between increased D-Dimer levels in ischemic stroke patients infected with COVID-19 at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Regional Hospital, Deli Serdang Regency. This research method is a retrospective descriptive study using a cross-sectional research design. This study used secondary data derived from medical records of COVID-19 patients with ischemic stroke events at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Regional Hospital, Deli Serdang Regency. H. Amri Tambunan, Deli Serdang Regency, 2021. The results of the Chi-square test were 0.239 (P-value 0.05), which means there is no significant relationship between increased D-Dimer and the incidence of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke in COVID-19 patients. The conclusion obtained was that there was no significant relationship between increased D-Dimer and the risk of ischemic stroke in COVID-19 patients.
Antibacterial Effectiveness Of Bay Leaf Extract (Syzygium Polyanthum) Against Staphylococcus Aureus Using Bacteria Disc Diffusion Method Wina Rohana Puteri; Isra Thristy; Imanda Jasmine Siregar
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 2 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: About 30% of Staphylococcus aureus colonizes in the human body. This bacterium is one of the microorganisms that triggers various infectious diseases, including soft tissue and skin infections, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, bacteremia, and lethal pneumonia. One alternative that can be done is to utilize active substances that kill bacteria contained in medicinal plants. One of the plants that can be used as an alternative option is bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum). The content of flavonoids, tannins, and essential oils in bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum) is suspected to have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) extract against Staphylococcus aureus at varying concentrations to determine its potential as a natural therapeutic agent. This study uses experimental research methods The technique used to measure antibacterial activity is disc diffusion. The results showed that bay leaf extract (Syzigium polyanthum) with concentrations of 10%, 30%, and 50% produced an average clear zone diameter of 14.83 mm, 20.00 mm, and 13.50 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the diameter of the clear zone of chloramphenicol is 20.33 mm, and in aquadest, no clear zone is obtained. Bay leaf extract with a concentration of 30% had the highest clear zone in the treatment group.
Comparison of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Vaginal Hygiene Behaviours Related to Pathological Vaginal Discharge Between Female Students of the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Economics Rinova Dinda Amelya Lubis; Rini Syahrani Harahap
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 2 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Vaginal discharge is one of the common reproductive health problems experienced by women. It refers to fluid released from the vagina other than menstrual blood. In Indonesia, approximately 75% of women have experienced vaginal discharge at least once in their lifetime. The prevalence of vaginal discharge symptoms among adolescent girls aged 15–24 years is around 31.8%. Generally, vaginal discharge is considered physiological; however, certain factors can cause it to become pathological. One of the factors associated with the occurrence of vaginal discharge is vaginal hygiene. This study aims to analyse the differences in the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to vaginal hygiene among female students of the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Economics at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU) in relation to the occurrence of vaginal discharge. This study used a cross-sectional research design with an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test was applied for data analysis. The results showed that the majority of respondents with good knowledge of vaginal hygiene were from the Faculty of Economics, totalling 57 respondents (71.3%), while respondents with poor knowledge were found in the Faculty of Law with only 1 respondent (1.3%). Respondents with the highest proportion of positive attitudes toward vaginal hygiene were from the Faculty of Law, with 73 respondents (91.3%). In terms of behaviour, good vaginal hygiene practices were most commonly found among students of the Faculty of Economics with 58 respondents (72.5%), while the lowest was found among students of the Faculty of Law with 7 respondents (8.8%). Statistical analysis showed differences in the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding vaginal hygiene in relation to the occurrence of vaginal discharge among students of the Faculty of Economics and the Faculty of Law at UMSU.In conclusion, there are differences in the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to vaginal hygiene between students of the Faculty of Law and the Faculty of Economics concerning the occurrence of pathological vaginal discharge.
Administration of Red Mushroom Rice (Angkak) Affects the Increase in Platelet Count in Chloramphenicol-Induced Rats Luthfiah Yuliani Indra; Annisa Annisa
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 2 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Thrombocytopenia is a condition where platelet levels in the blood decrease. The isoflavone and lovastatin content in Angkak has the potential to be an additional therapy to increase the number of platelets. This study aims to determine the effect of Red Mushroom Rice Administration (Angkak) in increasing the Number of Platelets in Chloramphenicol-Induced Rats. This research is experimental research using a pretest and posttest with a control group design. The results of the paired t-test show a significance value of 0.027 0.05. This shows that between day 0 and day 12 there are significant differences in each group. The ANOVA test results show a significance value for day 12 of 0.002. The significance value shows a value 0.05. This shows that administering Angkak on day 12 has a significant effect on platelet counts. In this study, the positive control was significantly different from the other groups. This positive control group also showed the lowest average platelet count on day 0. Treatment Group I also showed significantly different results with the highest average platelet count on day 12. Conclusion: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the administration of boiled water, increasing the doses of 2 g/KgBW, 1 g/KgBW, and 0.5 g/KgBW, had an effect in increasing the number of platelets in male rats induced by chloramphenicol.
Differences in Haemoglobin Levels Related to The Shelf Life of Packed Red Cells (PRC) on Day 1, Day 7 And Day 15 at UTD Pirngadi Medan Melisa Putri Wulandari; Fani Ade Irma
Buletin Farmatera Vol 12, No 2 (2027)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

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Abstract: Packed red blood cells (PRC) are blood components separated from whole blood, consisting of red blood cells with most of the plasma, leukocytes, and platelets removed. Haemoglobin is the main protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs throughout the body and carrying carbon dioxide back to the lungs for excretion. During storage, red blood cell membranes become more fragile due to oxidative stress and metabolic changes. Membrane damage can cause hemolysis, which is the rupture of red blood cells that release free haemoglobin into the storage solution. This study aims to determine the difference in HB levels with the shelf life of packed red cells (PRC) on haemoglobin levels on day 1, day 7 and day 15 at UTD Pirngadi Medan. This type of research is a prospective study; this study was conducted at various times for comparison. The total sample in this study was 75 people. Data analysis was processed using SPSS. First, a normality test was carried out; the normality test used was Kolmogorov-Smirnov. After the normality test, a homogeneity test was carried out. If the data are homogeneously/normally distributed, a One-Way ANOVA test is performed to compare. Results: There is a significant difference between haemoglobin levels on day 1, day 7, and day 15. The storage period of PRC can affect haemoglobin levels.

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