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Al-MARSHAD: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan

almarshad
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Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

ISSN : 24425729 EISSN : 25982559 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Education,

Astronomy Education

Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan, published by the Observatorium Ilmu Falak, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU), Medan, Indonesia, which includes articles on the scientific research field of Islamic astronomy observatory and others. Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan accepts manuscripts in the field of research includes scientific fields relevant to: Islamic astronomy observatory and others. Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan published Twice a year in June and December.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 138 Documents

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Formulasi Waktu Salat Perspektif Fikih dan Sains Rizal Mubit
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 3, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstrak Salat merupakan salah satu dari rukun Islam yang istimewa dimana pelaksanannya sudah ditentukan sedemikian rupa. Perlu konsep kejelasan waktu yang tepat untuk dijadikan patokan waktu mulai pada jam dan menit ke ke berapa salat harus dilaksanakan. Ada dua cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengetahuinya. Secara fikih dan sains. Secara fikih, waktu sholat bisa diketahui dengan fenomena gerakan matahari. Sedangkan dari sudut pandang sains, waktu salat bisa diketahui dengan menggunakan sains yang dalam Islam dikenal dengan ilmu hisab. Kedua metode penentuan waktu salat tersebut pada dasarnya saling mendukung satu sama lain. Kedua metode tersebut, baik sains maupun fikih perlu untuk diterapkan dan dikembangkan. Sejauh ini tidak ada permasalahan penentuan waktu salat baik dengan fikih atau sains. Berbeda dengan penentuan awal bulan kamariyah yang sampai saat ini masih menjadi perbedaan.Kata Kunci: Waktu Salat, Fikih, Sains

Ihtiar Metodologis Nidhal Qassum Menuju Kalender Islam Internasional Muh Rasywan Syarif
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 3, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

AbstrakNidlāl Qassūm adalah intelektual muslim abad 21 yang turut serta mengambil andil dalam konsep kalender hijriah internasional dengan berusaha memformulsikan awal dan akhir bulan kamariah berdasarkan visibiliats hilal. Ia menemukan bahwa dengan prinsip visibilitas hilal akan ditemukan ketidak sesuaian keterlihatan di berbagai negara terutama untuk negara yang berada di belahan Timur dunia. Konsep kalender Qassūm merupakan salah satu pemikiran kalender hijriah internasional yang menggunakan prinsip bizonal (membagi dunia menjadi dua zona). Zona Barat meliputi seluruh benua Amerika dan benua yang lain masuk dalam zona Timur. Dalam penentuan awal bulan, kalender Qassūm menggunakan kriteria hisab ijtimak qabla al-fajr di kota Makkah.Kata Kunci: Nidhal Qassūm, hisab, kalender internasional

SYAMSUL ANWAR DAN PEMIKIRANNYA DALAM BIDANG HISAB-RUKYAT Niki Alma Febriana Fauzi
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 1, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Tulisan ini membahas pemikiran Syamsul Anwar dalam bidang ilmu falak, terutamadalam bidang hisab-rukyat. Di tengah minimnya ahli falak di Indonesia, terlebih di lingkungan Muhammadiyah, nama Syamsul Anwar terasa masih sangat asing di telinga kebanyakan orang. Akan tetapi jika kita melihat lebih saksama sesungguhnya dari tangan Syamsul Anwar-lah banyak pemikiran-pemikiran cemerlang tentang hisab- rukyat lahir dan sangat terasa kontribusinya bagi Muhammadiyah khususnya dan masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnya. Tulisan ini memokuskan pada beberapa pemikiran Syamsul Anwar dalam bidang hisab-rukyat, yaitu mengenai kontekstualisasi pemahaman hadis-hadis tentang rukyat, hisab hakiki sebagai metode penentuan awal bulan dan interkoneksi studi hadis dan astronomi.

Analisis Regresi Non Linier (Polinomial) Dalam Pembentukan Kriteria Visibilitas Hilal Di Indonesia Imas Musfiroh; Hendri ,
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 4, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa koefisien determinasi terbesar diperoleh dari hubungan semidiameter toposentrik dengan fraksi iluminasi bernilai 0,945; disusul kemudian altitude toposentrik dengan lebar hilal bernilai 0,915; lebar hilal-elongasi bernilai 0,912; elongasi-altitude toposentrik bernilai 0,9066 dan nilai koefisien terendah diperoleh dari hubungan selisih azimut dengan altitude toposentrik dan elongasi berturut-berturut bernilai 0,352 dan 0,318. Berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi ini juga terlihat bahwa azimut tidak begitu signifikan mempengaruhi altitude toposentrik dan elongasi karena nilai koefisien yang rendah. Namun di sisi lain, lebar hilal, umur hilal elongasi dan ketinggian hilal saling memengaruhi satu sama lain dengan begitu signifikan karena nilai koefisien yang cukup besar mendekati. Kriteria terbaik dibentuk berdasarkan altitude toposentrik dan elongasi atau altitude toposentrik dengan lebar hilal toposentrik. Kriteria Altitude-Elongasi dengan persamaan h ≥ 0,0445 ARCL2 – 0,6065 ARCL+ 4,0165° memiliki titik balik minimum pada 6,815° untuk elongasi dan 1,950° untuk altitude. kriteria Altitude-Lebar Hilal dengan persamaan h ≥ 0,9373W’3 – 3,6892W’2 + 11,596W’ + 1,4057° memiliki titik belok pada 1,312 menit busur untuk lebar hilal dan 12,386° untuk altitude. Keyword: visibilitas hilal, regresi polinomial.

Kalender Islam Global Antara Dilema dan Darurat Nur Anshari Anshari
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 3, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

AbstractThe preparation of the Global Islamic calendar along with the congress has been held in Turkey several months ago and resulted in a deal to be the Global Islamic calendar manifold single global calendar. In this paper the authors try to explore the opinions of experts related to the determination of the Islamic calendar. Is single calendar globally agreed upon at the congress Turkey was able to answer the question ijtihadiah far. Then how hilal criteria used in preparing the global Islamic calendar later. Thus, the author tries to explore astronomy expert opinion in defining the new moon, the proper method to pay attention and make sure that there is or not the new moon, or of the new moon is visible or not. It needs a long discourse and party to contribute in the preparation of a global Islamic calendar. After performing a search that rentet and complicated, can be given a red thread on criteria suitable for structured calendar is based on the visibility of the new moon. Not only looking at the height of the new moon or the elongation angle per se, but more than that. With visibility of the new moon map we were able to predict which areas are able to observe the new moon and which are not.Keyword: calendar, visibility, newmoon

Penetapan Awal Bulan Kamariah dan Permasalahannya di Indonesia Dedi Jamaludin
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 4, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Determination of the beginning of the lunar month in Islam begins with the appearance of the new moon, which is an issue of ijtihad. Based on research shows that in rukyat there are many weaknesses so that this method needs to be elaborated with modern technology (in this case reckoning). Research and calculations carried out by experts on reckoning show that the data generated has always provided very accurate results without leaving significant differences. Basically, Reckoning is a scientific building, so it is strongly influenced by each epistemic discourse. Wujudul hilal carried by Muhammadiyah and imkanur rukyat by the Government has its own characteristics. So, the limit of equilibrium (read: balance) reckoning and imkanur rukyat lies in the extent to which the two communicate with each other, rather than taking distance.Keywords: Early Month, Reckoning, Rukyat, Matlak

Kalender Hijriyah Dalam A-Qur'an Musa Al-Azhar
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 4, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

In this article, an in-depth study of the secrets of creation of the Moon in the Qur'an is presented in relation to the calendar (taqwîm). As you know, the Moon has a regular path by which humans can know the number of the moon, because it rotates, starts from one point and returns to the same point. So, it can be taken a conclusion that with the condition of the Moon evolving towards the Earth with a regular trajectory, humans can calculate it so that it can be used for calendar purposes.Keywords: Al-Qur'an, calendar, month

Telaah Rumus Perhitungan Waktu Salat : Tinjauan Parameter dan Algoritma Dini Rahmadani
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 4, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Determination of prayer times using calculations and formulas. All times of prayer used in ordinary calculations generally use data when the position of the angle when the sun is in the zenith or when the sun is (entering) zuhur time. This value in the manual calculation is used for each calculation of prayer times at other times with the existing value argument not changing significantly, but in reality the sun position data (sun declination) will be different in value every time even though the data value only changes after 0, 1 point in a certain range, but this shows that the accuracy of declination data is needed on each count to get the value of prayer times which reaches the highest accuracy. Retrieving real time data on the position of the sun when entering criteria is also needed to obtain the truth in the basis of calculating high accuracy local prayer times. In addition, the use of time which is uni (same) must also be agreed upon so that the initial entry time can also be simultaneously. In the use of the application of the prayer time count and also in the book reference, it also has different values and criteria in the calculation, so that the user must also understand the parameters used in calculating prayer times so that he can use a calculation tool that is in accordance with the agreed criteria.

Penanggalan Mesir Kuno Ridho Kimura Soderi
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 4, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Among human needs that are not as important as other primary needs is the need for calendars or commonly called calendars or dates. Calendar is a system of organizing units of time, for the purpose of marking and calculating time in the long run. Ancient Egypt had deep-rooted beliefs in dating, that is, through the routines of the nile's floods every year, which coincided with the emergence of sirirus stars in the east. The first dating system on this earth was the ancient Egyptian calendar system. The Egyptians first divided the day 24 hours, 12 hours for noon and 12 hours for night time.Keywords: Ancient Egypt, Calendar System, Season.

Prediksi Pergerakan Bayangan Bumi Saat Terjadi Gerhana Bulan Menggunakan Ephemeris Hisab Rukyat Muhammad Farid Azmi
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 4, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

In this era, the prediction of lunar eclipse can be determined accurately with the astronomical data based algorithm. Usually, the prediction just compute the position and time of lunar eclipse without considered the movement of Earth shadow in the begginning to the end of eclipse. In this article the author explain how is the concept, algorithm, and analysis about the movement of Earth shadow on going lunar eclipse in certain local coordinate point, using the data from Ephemeris Hisab Rukyat.Keywords : Lunar Eclipse, Earth Shadow, Ephemeris Hisab Rukyat

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