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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 429 Documents
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Detection of Tetracycline Resistance Genes among Escherichia coli Isolated from Layer and Broiler Breeders in West Java, Indonesia A. Indrawati; K. Khoirani; S. Setiyaningsih; U. Affif; Safika; S. G. Ningrum
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

A major current problem in public health is the issue of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli in humans and poultry. In Indonesia, multidrug-resistant E. coli are of specific concern since such E. coli may cause public health problems in humans. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant chicken E. coli strains and the E. coli resistance genes, which are tet(A) and tet(B) genes, were investigated in the present study. A total of 57 swabs were collected from layer and broiler breeder farms in West Java, Indonesia, and used in the experiment. Eighteen isolates were identified as E. coli by the disk diffusion method. The isolates classified as drug-resistant and intermediate were then identified using PCR for the antimicrobial resistance genes. The results showed that 18 isolates of E. coli from layer-breeder and broiler-breeder farms in West Java were resistant to ampicillin (100%), nalidixic acid (94%), tetracycline (88%), oxytetracycline (83%), gentamicin (27%), and chloramphenicol (22%). PCR identification of E. coli antimicrobial-resistant genes in 18 isolates showed tet(A) and tet(B) genes. This study reports antimicrobial resistance genes among E. coli on layer and broiler breeder farms in West Java. This present study showed that E. coli isolated from layers-breeder and broiler-breeder farms in West Java of Indonesia carried tet(A) and tet(B) genes, the multidrug-resistance genes.
Growth Performance of Male Line of Superior Tropical Rabbit B. Brahmantiyo; N. Pratiwi; F. Saputra; Y. C. Raharjo; L. H. Prasetyo
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.273

Abstract

New Zealand White rabbits (NN) are known as broiler rabbits that are well adapted to the Indonesian environment. HyLa rabbits are rabbits imported from China that were selected for high reproduction and growth rates. The increased productivity of NN rabbits was achieved by crossing to HyLa rabbits. This study was aimed to evaluate HyLa and NN rabbits’ productivity and their reciprocal crosses to develop a broiler rabbit adaptive to tropical climate. Forty heads of does and 20 heads of bucks of HyLa rabbit, 30 heads of does, and 6 heads of bucks of New Zealand White rabbits (NN) were used. Reproductive performance of does (litter size at birth, litter size at weaning, mortality, and weekly does body weight) and the kit’s growth performance (weekly body weight from weaning until the age of 20 weeks) was evaluated. Data were analyzed using the SAS program, FactoMineR, and factoextra package in R 4.0.0. Rabbit’s growth data were periodically analyzed by the Gompertz model. At the age of 10 weeks, HyLa had a body weight of 1459.7 ± 373.1 g greater than HyLa x NN (1380.1 ± 389.9 g), NN x HyLa (1225.7 ± 263.4 g), and NN (985.0 ± 234.4 g). Based on the Gompertz model, NN x HyLa had an inflection point at a weight of 1,977.7 at 12 weeks. Furthermore, NN x HyLa had a better litter size than HyLa x NN. NN bucks x HyLa does have the potential to be developed as a superior rabbit adaptive to tropical climate.
Artificial Insemination in Sheep with Fresh Diluted Semen: Comparison Between Two Different Semen Extenders and Management Protocols A. Madrigali; A. Rota; D. Panzani; S. Castellani; M. Shawahina; A. Hassan; F. Di Iacovo; C. Rossignoli; F. Camillo
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.255

Abstract

Timed artificial insemination (TAI) is a very important tool for reproductive programs in small ruminants, providing synchronized inseminations and more efficient use of superior males. The objectives of this study were to investigate the viability of different breeding protocols under sub-optimal conditions and out of the breeding season, and to compare the outcome of TAI in sheep with two different semen extenders. Ewes (n=575) were subjected to estrous synchronization by intravaginal sponges containing 30 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate and PMSG. Ewes were divided into 5 groups according to the semen extender employed and to the breeding protocol: 1) egg yolk citrate AI reinforced by ram (EYC-RR); 2) Andromed AI reinforced by ram (AND-RR), where rams joined the flocks 3 hours after AI; 3) egg yolk citrate AI without ram exposition (EYC); 4) Andromed AI without ram exposition (AND). In all these groups vaginal AIs were performed 56±2 hours from sponge removal and PMSG injection; 5) natural mating (RAM) where rams were introduced 48 hours following sponge removal and PMSG injection. Pregnancy rate, parturition rate, and prolificacy were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the EYC-RR and AND-RR groups than in the EYC and AND groups. The lambing rate was not different between groups. No statistical differences were observed between breeding farms or inseminating rams. This study showed that TAI with fresh semen diluted either with egg yolk citrate or with AndroMed could be an effective and feasible tool to increase lamb production and improve genetic merits of the sheep population out of the breeding season.
Genetic Diversity of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Population in South Eastern Nigeria Using Microsatellite Markers: A. I. Adeolu; M. Wheto; V. U. Oleforuh-Okoleh; R. N. Nwose; A. S. Adenaike; A. Yakubu; E. M. Abiola; B. G. Mohammed
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.280

Abstract

A study was conducted to estimate the diversity that exists among three rabbit populations adapted to the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 75 matured, mixed-sex, and unrelated three rabbit breeds selected across the zone. Eight microsatellites (Sol30, Sol33, and Sol44, Sat3, Sat7, Sat8, Sat12, and INRA) markers were used for the study. These microsatellites were uniformly distributed among rabbit genomes for genotyping. Subsequently, genetic variability within and between breeds was calculated. Allelic frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg equilibriums as well as Analysis of Molecular Variance, were also estimated using GenAlEX 6.41 software. Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) for the population structure of the rabbit breeds was performed in R v.3.5.0 using the R package adegenet. All the 8 loci amplified in this study were found to be 100% polymorphic, the observed allele sizes and their frequencies for the microsatellite markers in every three breeds showed that the highest frequency was 0.330 for the allele with the size of 470bp at Sol33 locus in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The Nei’s genetic identities and distances between Chinchilla (CHI) and Dutch (DUT), CHI and NZW, DUT and NZW obtained in this study were [0.173, 0.185, and 0.189] and [1.753, 1.689, and 1.666] respectively. The dendrogram and biplot revealed that the three breeds were identified at two separate clusters. In addition, the admixture level of an individual rabbit among the three breeds indicated that the breeds were not pure and also the existence of more polymorphism within the breed than among the breed diversity.
Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Antioxidant Activity in Plasma, and Growth Performance of Male Dairy Cattle Fed Black Rice and Purple Corn Extracted Residue R. Prommachart; J. Uriyapongson; A. Cherdthong; S. Uriyapongson
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.307

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of black rice and purple corn extracted residue (BPER) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and antioxidant activity in male dairy cattle. The residue after extraction of anthocyanin from black rice and purple corn contains anthocyanin and phenolic acids. Several researchers found that anthocyanins and phenolic acids had antioxidant and antimicrobial functions in animals. Sixteen male dairy cattle (with average body weight of 160 ± 10.6 kg) were allotted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 levels of black rice and purple corn extracted residue (BPER) at 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% dry matter (DM) in total mixed ration (TMR). The TMR diets were fed ad libitum for 125 days. The daily DM intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and plasma metabolites were measured. The results showed that BPER up to 6% had no effect on intakes of DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Intake of ether extract (EE) increased with higher levels of BPER (p<0.05). The DM, OM, CP, NDF, and ADF digestibility were similar among treatments. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed per gain were similar among treatments. There was no effect of BPER on the concentrations of glucose, urea, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), protein carbonyl, and antioxidant activity in the plasma. However, the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the plasma decreased (p<0.05) with the increased level of BPER, indicating that lower lipid oxidation compared to 0% BPER. It was concluded that BPER can be used up to 6% to reduce oxidative stress, without any negative effect on feed intake and nutrient digestibility.
Detection of Class 1 Integron Encoding Gene in Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Citrobacter freundii Isolated from Healthy Broiler Chicken A. M. Witaningrum; F. J. Wibisono; D. A. Permatasari; M. H. Effendi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.363

Abstract

This study was aimed to find out that broiler chicken farms have problems with antibiotic resistance Citrobacter freundii and determined the prevalence and class 1 integron encoding gene. Multidrug resistance Citrobacter freundii was collected from broiler chicken among one hundred and sixty cloacal swab samples from 32 farms in Blitar for 3 months. The method of bacterial inoculation used MacConkey agar and biochemical test was conducted by IMViC and TSIA test. Citrobacter freundii for antibiotic sensitivity pattern was tested by disk diffusion, and the multidrug resistance encoding gene was tested by PCR. This study exposed 160 samples, and 13.75% (22/160) samples were positive of Citrobacter freundii. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed high resistances against ampicillin and erythromycin (77.27%), tetracycline (59.09%), trimetropim-sulfamethoxazole (50%), and streptomycin (22.72%). Isolates that were detected as multidrug resistance were continued with PCR testing to prove the existence of a class 1 integron encoding gene. Multidrug resistance Citrobacter freundii isolated from broiler chicken farms in Blitar were 81.82% (18/22), and were indicated that five were positive Class 1 Integron encoding gene. The results of this study showed that the prevalence and distribution of multidrug resistance Citrobacter freundii were high, so it can cause the spread of antimicrobial resistance to public health. Class 1 integron encoding gene was found 22.72% from multidrug resistance Citrobacter freundii by PCR. It was concluded that broiler chicken farms need assessment management to reduce and avoid multidrug resistance bacteria in animals and human. Therefore, the use of appropriate antibiotics is a good step to reduce the incidence of MDR in poultry.
Feed Intake and Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation Profiles, Milk Yield and Compositions of Lactating Dairy Cows Supplemented by Flemingia macrophylla Pellet B. Phesatcha; K. Phesatcha; B. Viennasay; N. T. Thao; M. Wanapat
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.288

Abstract

Feed intake and nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation profiles, milk yield and compositions of lactating dairy cows fed with Flemingia macrophylla pellet (FMP) were evaluated. Four crossbred dairy cows in early lactation were randomly allocated into a 2×2 factorial arrangement in a 4×4 Latin square design (LSD). The first factor was protein level of concentrate mixtures consisted of two levels, i.e., 14% and 16%. The second factor was supplementation levels of FMP consisted of two levels, i.e., 0 and 150 g/cow/d. There were no interactions between the protein level of concentrate and FMP supplementation on feed intake and digestibility, rumen fermentation profiles, milk yield and composition of lactating dairy cows. The findings revealed that both factors significantly impacted feed intakes. They also significantly increased the digestibility of CP and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Ruminal ammonia nitrogen and propionate (C3) concentrations were improved (p<0.05), while rumen acetate (C2), the ratio of C2:C3, estimated methane (CH4) production, and protozoal counts were subsequently reduced (p<0.05). Crude protein level and FMP supplementation additionally improved nitrogen absorption and utilization, as well as microbial nitrogen synthesis. Milk production was significantly increased by the FMP feeding. In conclusion, a concentrated mixture with 16% CP along with supplementation of FMP at a dose of 150 g/cow/d could significantly increase rumen fermentation end-products, microbial protein synthesis, mitigated rumen CH4 production, and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed with rice straw.
Composition and Yield of Colostrum and Milk from Murrah and “Murrah x Carabao” Crosses in the Philippines O. L. Bondoc; T. Almendral-Saludes; A. G. Tandang; A. R. Bustos; A. R. Ramos; A. O. Ebron
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.347

Abstract

This study compared the composition, yield, and freezing point of buffalo colostrum and milk collected on the 30th, 60th, and 90th day of lactation from purebred Murrah and its crosses with the Philippine Carabao. A total of 133 milk samples were collected from 36 buffaloes (20 purebred Murrah and 16 “Murrah x Carabao” crosses) and evaluated for fat, protein, and lactose content, solids non-fat (SNF), total solids, and freezing point. Colostrum contained significantly (p<0.05) more protein, SNF, total solids, and higher freezing point, but less moisture and lactose, and were produced in lower amounts than milk obtained on different days of lactation. Fat percentage was not significantly different (p>0.05) between colostrum and milk. Colostrum from Murrah buffaloes had more protein but less fat and colostrum yield than “Murrah x Carabao” crosses. Among crossbred buffaloes, the F2 “75% Murrah – 25% Carabao” crosses produced more colostrum than F1 “50% Murrah – 50% Carabao” (p<0.05). Older buffaloes also produced more colostrum. Milk parameters were similar for Murrah and “Murrah x Carabao” crosses, except for test-day milk yield, which was significantly higher in “Murrah x Carabao” crosses. The F1 crossbred buffaloes had milk containing more lactose and SNF, but lower freezing point than milk from F2 crossbred buffaloes. Buffaloes, already with more lactations, had higher test-day milk yield but with lower fat and total solids. High monthly temperature reduced test-day milk yield. In conclusion, breed differences, age at calving, number of lactations, and high monthly temperature may have caused changes in the composition and yield of buffalo colostrum and milk.
Performances of Crossbred Chickens Fed Fermented Papaya Leaf and Seed Powder at High Stocking Density S. Sugiharto; T. Yudiarti; E. Widiastuti; H. Wahyuni; T. Sartono; A. R. Pratama
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.316

Abstract

The study evaluated the influence of fermented papaya leaf and seed powder (FPLS) and/or multienzymes on the growth, physiology, antioxidant, and gut ecology of the Indonesian crossbred chicken (ICC) at high stocking density. Three hundred and seventy ICC were randomly allotted to LSD (chicks fed conventional feed at low stocking density), HSD (chicks fed conventional feed at high stocking density), HSD+mE (chicks fed conventional feed plus multienzyme at high stocking density), HSD+FPLS (chicks fed FPLS at high stocking density) and HSD+FPLS+mE (chicks fed FPLS plus multienzyme at high stocking density). Body weight and feed intake were determined weekly. Two ICC were taken from each pen (10 chicks per treatment group) at week 10 for sampling. The study was arranged based on a completely randomized design with five treatment groups, each consisted of five replicates. Except for performance, analysis of variance was conducted on two chicks from each replicate (10 chicks per treatment group). Chicks in LSD consumed more (p<0.05) feed and had a higher (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio. Platelet distribution width (PDW) was lower (p<0.05) in HSD, HSD+FPLS, and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks than in LSD chicks. Lymphocyte counts were lower (p<0.05) in HSD relative to HSD+mE chicks. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was higher (p<0.05) in HSD and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks than in LSD, HSD+mE, and HSD+FPLS chicks. High-density lipoprotein was smaller (p<0.05) in HSD+mE chicks than in LSD, HSD, and HSD+FPLS chicks. Compared to the other treatment groups of chicks, HSD+FPLS chicks had a lower (p<0.05) albumin level. Creatinine level was lower (p<0.05) in HSD chicks than in the other group of chicks. Enterobacteriaceae counts were lower (p<0.05) in HSD+FPLS cecal content of chicks than in LSD and HSD chicks. The redness values of breast meats were lower (p<0.05) in HSD+FPLS chicks than the chicks in HSD+mE and HSD+FPLS+mE dietary treatments. LSD chicks had higher (p<0.05) redness values of thigh meat than the other treatment groups of chicks. LSD chicks also had higher (p<0.05) yellowness values than HSD+mE and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks. In conclusion, high stocking density resulted in mild stress conditions, as was demonstrated by the increased SOD and decreased PDW and redness meat values. A combination of FPLS and multienzyme ameliorated the adverse influence of high stocking density in ICC.
Comparison between the Brix Refractometer and ELISA for Assessment of Colostrum IgG of Montbeliard x Holstein Cross Dairy Cows N. H. Fahim; T. A. Imbabi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.356

Abstract

The objectives of the present study were to examine the association between the brix refractometer% and ELISA assays in the assessment of colostrum-IgG content and in studying the factors affecting this content. Contents of IgG in colostrum samples of 132 healthy primiparous and multiparous Montbeliard x Holstein cross dairy cows kept in Egypt were evaluated using ELISA assay and brix refractometer%. The ELISA results showed that the IgG contents in the colostrum samples ranged from 5.96 to 114.84 mg/mL, with a mean of 57.07 mg/mL. Brix% results ranged from 15% to 35%, with a mean of 23.97%. The correlation and regression coefficients between ELISA(IgG) and brix% were significantly high (r=0.68 and r2 =0.59, respectively). Prediction regression equation was ELISA(IgG) = 31.81+1.12(brix refractometer%). The effects of parity and season of calving on both ELISA(IgG) and brix% were significant. ELISA(IgG) and brix% were higher in cows ≥ 3 lactations than those in the first and second lactations. Moreover, summer calving recorded higher ELISA(IgG) and brix% than autumn calving. Either ELISA(IgG) or brix% were not significantly affected by calf’s sex, single/twin births, or history of cows’ diseases. ELISA(IgG) and brix% had a significant positive correlation with calf’s birth weights and gestation lengths, while they recorded a non-significant correlation with dry-period length. It can be concluded that a refractometer is a simple on-farm tool to assess colostrum quality. Its high correlation with the lab analytical assay of ELISA confirms the validity of using refractometers by researchers in colostrum studies.

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