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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
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Articles 429 Documents
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Antioxidant Enzymes and Growth of Broiler Fed Microparticle Protein Diet with Inulin or Lactobacillus acidophillus Supplementation N. Suthama; B. Sukamto; I. Mangisah; L. Krismiyanto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.97

Abstract

The effect of dahlia tuber extract or Lactobacillus acidophilus inclusion on intestinal physiology, antioxidant enzymes, and growth performance of broiler chicken given a microparticle protein-composed diet was evaluated in the present study. Three dietary treatments were applied, Control: 21% intact protein diet without additive, MP-DTE: 21% microparticle protein diet + 1.2% dahlia tuber extract as inulin source, and MP-La: 21% microparticle protein diet + 1.2 mL L. acidophilus (1 mL L. acidophilus/La equal to 108 cfu). Microparticle proteins were obtained from common protein source ingredients for poultry, fish meal, and soybean meal. A completely randomized design was assigned with 3 treatments and replicated 8 times, 10 broilers in each replication. Experimental animals were 240 broilers for treatment and 10 birds for endogenous correction. Digestibility of protein and essential amino acids, villi height, intestinal bacterial counts (LAB and Eschericia coli), short chain fatty acids/SCFA (acetate, propionate, and butyrate), antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px and SOD), and growth performances (meat protein/MPM and fat mass/MFM, feed consumption, body weight gain/BWG, and feed conversion ratio/FCR) were variables measured. Data were statistically processed based on analysis of variance and continued to the Duncan test (p<0.05). Supplementation of dahlia inulin extract or L. acidophilus to the micropaticle protein diet significantly (p<0.05) increased N retention, villi height, LAB population, SCFA, antioxidant enzymes, and improved MPM and BWG, but decreased E. coli count, MFM, and FCR. However, feed consumption was not affected by any treatment. It can be concluded that L. acidophilus supplementation to the microparticle protein diet (MP-La) improves antioxidant enzymes, and growth performance with high meat protein and low fat mass.
Detection of Plasma Membrane Alpha Enolase (ENO1) and Its Relationship with Sperm Quality of Bali Cattle T. Sumarsono; I. Supriatna; M. A. Setiadi; M. Agil; B. Purwantara
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.36

Abstract

Bali cattle are the indigenous cattle well known attributed to their high fertility. Various proteomes in sperm are substances that can determine sperm quality and fertility. One of which is alpha enolase (ENO1). This study aims to assess the presence of ENO1 in the plasma membrane of sperm and its relationship with the semen quality of Bali cattle. The study used 30 ejaculates from 5 bulls for sperm quality assessment and detection of ENO1. Sperm quality is indicated by total motility, progressive motility, kinematics motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and ENO1 quantity. Sperm motility and kinematics motility were measured using CASA, while viability was assessed by eosin-nigrosine differential staining. The HOS test was used to determine plasma membrane integrity, and ENO1 quantity was measured by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (randomized group design), linear regression, Pearson’s correction, and the t-Student test. The results showed that ENO1 was detected in the plasma membrane at 1.27 ng/106 sperms. The amount of alpha-enolase in the plasma membrane of Bali cattle sperm is affected by sperm concentration (p<0.01) and not involved in sperm motility. There was no correlation between plasma membrane ENO1 quantity and semen quality. The results of this experiment indicated that alpha-enolase in the plasma membrane of Bali cattle sperm is affected by sperm concentration but not related to sperm quality.
Compliance with Laws and Slaughterhouse Standards of Butcher’s Shops in North-Eastern Thailand A. Muangsean; W. Aengwanich
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 1 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.1.131

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study the characteristics of slaughterhouses and meat distribution of butcher’s shops operating under the relevant laws, including attitudes, problems, and obstacles facing butchers in implementing the law in the north-eastern part of Thailand. A total of 14 butcher shops at Baan Din Dam, Muang District, Maha Sarakham Province, participated in the study. Data were collected by surveying, interviews by using a semi-structured questionnaire, and focus group discussion. It was found that in cases where animals are slaughtered in standard slaughterhouses, butchers complied with the law. On the other hand, in the case of butchers who slaughtered animals by themselves, it was found that the practice mostly did not meet the standards as required by law. In terms of problems, obstacles, and attitudes of butchers regarding legal compliance, it was found that the butchers have knowledge related to law at a moderate level. They considered that the law was difficult to follow, but there was also a positive opinion that complying with the law gives consumers confidence and safety. Education level is the factor affecting opinions and attitudes on slaughter and meat distribution law. Compliance with butchers’ slaughter and meat distribution laws in north-eastern part of Thailand requires supervision from the government, and ongoing provision of education is necessary.
Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed β-Mannanase and Two Levels of Energy M. A. R. Jalal; H. A. H. Zakaria; F. M. Hayajneh; G. M. Mehyar
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.190

Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating the response to supplementation of β-Mannanase with two levels of energy on performance, carcass yield, and meat quality of 1600 1-d-old straight run Indian River broilers which were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments (10 replicates/treatment, 40 chicks per replicate) in a 35-d feeding trial. The trial consisted of 2 phases, starter (0 to 14 d) and grower (15 to 35 d). The experiment was designed in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was the energy level of the ration consisted of 2 levels, i.e., a low energy level with 2.900 kcal ME/kg during the starter phase and 3.000 kcal ME/kg during the grower phase; and a normal energy level with 3020 kcal ME/kg during starter phase and 3120 kcal ME/kg during grower phase, with variations based on the content of feed grade soybean oil. The second factor was the level of β-Mannanase in the diet consisted of 2 levels, i.e., ration without β-Mannanase (BETAMINUS: 0%) and ration with 0.05% β-Mannanase (BETAPLUS: 0.05%). Feeding low ME increased feed intake (p<0.05) during the overall phase (0 to 35 d) and normal ME decreased (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio during the starter and overall phases. Birds fed normal ME exhibited higher (p<0.05) hot and cold carcass weights. There was a significant interaction between dietary ME level and β-Mannanase to breast meat pH (p= 0.006), meat redness (a*) (p= 0.01), and meat yellowness (b*) (p= 0.0001). In conclusion, the results of enzyme supplementation did not elicit any noticeable response pertaining to productive performance, carcass characteristics, or meat quality (except pH and meat color). Moreover, feeding low dietary ME and β-Mannanase did not compromise overall broiler chickens performance.
The Phylogeny of Bornean Swamp Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Analysis Based on D-loop Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation Suhardi; A. Wibowo; W. P. B. Putra; P. Summpunn
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.139

Abstract

Swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is one of the Indonesian germplasm that adapts well to Borneo Island. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity, phylogenetic tree, and phylogeographic structure of Bornean swamp buffalo based on control region (D-loop) mitochondrial DNA sequences. A total of 120 animals were collected from three populations in Indonesia, i.e., the North, East, and South of Kalimantan Provinces. Along 1140 bp of D-loop mtDNA gene of Bornean swamp buffaloes was amplified with a design primer of F: 5'-CAA CAC CCA AAG CTG AAG TT-3’ and R: 5'-CGC TCC TCT TAG TCT CGT TG-3’. Therefore, the forward and reverse sequencing was performed to visualize the full length of D-loop mtDNA gene sequence (1140 bp). Results showed that a total of 47 haplotypes were detected in the animal study, with haplotype and nucleotide diversities of 0.936 and 0.005, respectively. Consequently, two haplogroups were observed in the animal study, i.e., Haplogroup A (North) and Haplogroup B (East and South). Based on structure analysis, Bornean swamp buffaloes were comparable to filing swamp buffaloes of China based on structure. According to the analysis of molecular (AMOVA), the geographical component contributed over 56.44% of the total mtDNA sequence variations. In conclusion, it was discovered that the haplogroups of buffalo from the East and South populations were identical.
Productive and Reproductive Efficiency of Ewes Kept on Tropical Pastures as a Function of the Suckling Lamb Treatments K. L. S. M. Ferelli; C. C. B. F. Ítavo; L. C. V. Ítavo; G. T. dos Santos; M. I. L. Souza; G. K. A. de Melo; M. de M. S. Peres; N. da S. Heimbach; T. F. F. de S. Arco; E. S. de M. Soares; J. A. da Silva; P. C. G. da Silva; C. de Godoy; P. B. de Andrade; A. A. da S. Miguel
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.180

Abstract

The aim of the research was to evaluate the productive and reproductive performances of ewes as a function of the supplementation offered to suckling lambs. The lambs were divided into two experimental treatments. Treatment (1) suckling lambs kept in pastures of Brachiaria-grass receiving mineral supplementation; and treatment (2) suckling lambs kept in pastures of Brachiaria-grass receiving concentrate supplementation in creep-feeding. Regardless of the nutritional treatment offered to the lambs, all matrices (female lambs and ewes) received 350 g of supplementation daily. Ewes from treatment-1 presented average 49 days to return to estrus. Ewes from treatment-2 presented, on average, 36 days to return to estrus. The body condition score (BCS) at weaning showed a significant difference between treatments. Ewes from treatment-1 presented a mean BCS of 1.75. Ewes from treatment-2 presented a mean BCS of 2.39. The other productive variables of lambs, such as weaning weight (kg), age at weaning (days), total weight gain (kg), and average daily gain of lambs, presented a significant difference between the nutritional treatments. Variables such as return to estrus and BCS were positively influenced by supplementation offered to lambs, which directly impacts the production efficiency and profitability of the production system. The lamb supplementation promotes indirect gains in the body condition score of ewes at weaning and, consequently, in the time to return of estrus in 13 days. Protein-energy supplementation in creep feeding to suckling lambs is recommended to improve the body condition score at weaning and decrease the return to estrus (days) of ewes. This nutritional tool is recommended to improve the supply of leaves and provide the best conditions for the selection and use of nutrients present in the leaves.
Theophylline Enhances In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Production in Buffaloes I. Akter; Md. Hasanur Alam; M. N. Islam; A. K. Modak; A. Khatun; M. Moniruzzaman
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.157

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of theophylline on in vitro fertilization of buffalo oocytes and embryo development in subsequent in vitro embryo culture. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from large antral follicles of slaughtered buffaloes and matured in vitro for 24 hours. In vitro matured oocytes were fertilized in Brackett and Oliphant’s (BO) media supplemented with four different concentrations of theophylline (0 mM, 2.5 mM, 5 mM, or 10 mM). After 18 hours of in vitro fertilization, some of the oocytes or presumptive zygotes were fixed and stained to assess fertilization, while the others were cultured for 7 days to assess their developmental capacity in vitro. The results showed that theophylline enhanced the penetration rate of spermatozoa into buffalo oocytes. Supplementation of BO medium with theophylline also increased the normal fertilization rate. In subsequent embryo culture, theophylline increased the formation of 8-cell embryo, morula, and blastocyst rate in buffalo. The cleavage rate did not differ significantly between groups. The morula and blastocyst formation percentages were higher in the groups treated with 2.5 mM theophylline than in the control groups. In conclusion, theophylline improves in vitro fertilization rate and embryo production in buffaloes.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolation and mecA Gene Detection from Milk and Farmer Hand Swab in Tulungagung, Indonesia A. R. Khairullah; S. C. Kurniawan; O. S. M. Silaen; M. H. Effendi; S. A. Sudjarwo; S. C. Ramandinianto; M. A. Gololodo; A. Widodo; K. H. P. Riwu; D. A. Kurniawati; S. Rehman
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.231

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a harmful bacterium that often contaminates milk; hence it is believed to become a severe health risk for humans. S. aureus resistant to β‑lactam drugs can be termed methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Dairy farms have a high incidence of MRSA infections due to the repeated use of the same medicines on dairy cows and the physical contact between farmers and cows during milking. This study looked for MRSA in dairy cow milk and farmer hand swabs in Tulungagung, Indonesia. Using oxacillin and cefoxitin diffusion disks, phenotypic detection approaches were evaluated, then transferred to the Oxacillin Resistance Screening Agar Base (ORSAB) test and genotypically verified using PCR to find the mecA gene encoding MRSA. One hundred ten dairy cow milk samples and 45 farmer's hand swabs were collected from Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. Mannitol salt agar (MSA) was used for cultivation and purification. The disk-diffusion test used oxacillin and cefoxitin to identify S. aureus resistance. Oxacillin and cefoxitin-resistant S. aureus isolates were tested for MRSA using ORSAB. In addition, MRSA isolates were PCR-tested for the mecA gene. S. aureus was found in 110 (70.97%) of 155 isolates. Of the total 110 isolates of S. aureus, 16 (14.54%) and 39 (35.45%) were known to be resistant to Cefoxitin and Oxacillin, respectively. When tested with ORSAB, 23 isolates from 55 resistant isolates showed positive results for MRSA. Dairy milk was the source of most MRSA which is 15 isolates, while hand swabs only carried 8 isolates. However, PCR analysis only found mecA gene in two isolates. According to this study, many MRSA isolates were found from dairy farms in Tulungagung, Indonesia, but only a few have the mecA gene.
The Relationship Between Plasma Progesterone Concentration on Day 6 After Artificial Insemination and Pregnancy Rate of Dairy Cows in Vietnam N. V. Thanh; P. T. Hang; P. V. Gioi; N. C. Toan; S. T. Long
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.146

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the relationship between plasma progesterone (P4) concentration on day 6 following artificial insemination (AI) and the pregnancy rate to provide recommendations for measuring P4 concentration before embryo transfer in cows. A total of 85 cows were double AI (day 0) after being detected in natural heat by visual observation. On day 6 after AI, the blood sample was collected from the coccygeal vein to measure plasma P4 concentration by ELISA method. Pregnancy was diagnosed on the 60th day after AI by rectal palpation. The results showed that the plasma P4 concentration at day 6 after AI of the pregnant cow group (4.262±2.195 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of the non-pregnant cow group (3.146±2.377 ng/mL) (p<0.05). The pregnancy rate was lowest in the group of cows with plasma P4 concentration <2ng/mL, then gradually increased with P4 concentration. The pregnancy rate of cows tended to be stable when P4 concentration ≥4.0 ng/mL. The pregnancy rate of cows was highest when the P4 concentration was from 3-4 ng/mL and 5-6 ng/mL. Additionally, the pregnancy rate of cows is positively correlated with the plasma P4 concentration according to the formula P= 26.356 + 6.612* P4. In conclusion, the plasma concentration of P4 at day 6 after AI has a positive relationship with the pregnancy rate of cows.
Factors Affecting Small-Scale Broiler Chicken Farm Profitability and Challenges Faced by Farmers in Egyptian Rural H. B. Gharib; M. A. El-Menawey; R. E. Hamouda
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.261

Abstract

This study was conducted in Al-Sharkia and El-Fayoum provinces, Egypt, and aimed to determine factors affecting small-scale broiler chicken farm profitability and challenges faced by broiler farmers in Egyptian rural. A stratified random sampling technique was applied to collect data from 200 individual small-scale broiler farmers randomly selected in two provinces, 100 from each province. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with questionnaires and direct observation at the farm level. The log-linear regression model form of a flexible Cobb-Douglas production function was used to analyze factors affecting the profitability of small-scale broiler chicken farms. The results indicated that women (60%) were the majority of owned flocks. The average respondent farmer’s age was 41.98 years old. The majority of the small-scale broiler performance was low and medium performance. The coefficients of the value of experience, gender, education, labor type, extension, training, veterinary, credit, flock size, management interventions, marketing information, and the market price of live chickens were positive influences, while farmer age, feed cost, home consumption, and mortality rate negatively influence the broiler profitability. The major challenges faced by small-scale broiler producers to increase their profitability are poor feed quality and access to marketing, veterinary services and credit. Therefore, efficient feed resources, marketing and veterinary services should be implemented to support small-scale broiler producers.

Page 26 of 43 | Total Record : 429

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