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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)" : 10 Documents clear

PEMBUATAN ASPAL EMULSI YANG TAHAN-SIMPAN Leksminingsih Leksminingsih
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Cold Mixed Asphalt Emulsion generally used for roadmaintenance, such as film Slurry Seal to cover cracked roadsurface, Patching, Dense Graded Emulsion Mixed (DGEM) andOpen Graded Emulsion Mixed (OGEM) for road pavement.One of several obstacles using asphalt emulsion, is the shorttime of storage stability, less than three months. This problem hasan effect to road maintenance especially for District road thathave light traffic.Asphalt emulsion is made 0f: bitumen, kerosene, emulsifier,HCI, CaCl, and watel: Asphalt emulsion has pH of 2,5 to 4%.To mix the component of asphalt emulsion a Colloid Millequipment is used, which has a rotation of 1000 until 6000 rpm,and has a gap between rotor and stator of250 um unti/500 um,so the asphalt emulsion product has a particle > 250 ~Wl.To make a longer storage stability oj asphalt emulsion, usingtwo method s i.e:1. By experiment, to make various contents of asphalt emulsionbase materials and do the test using a standard test oj ASTMD 244-90 until six months.2. To make various contents of asphalt emulsion base materials,not only measure the rate stability by Stoke 'sformula, but alsoperform the test until six months.The result of method 1(1) the components of asphalt emulsionare: 65% of bitumen, 2,8% of kerosene, 0,48% of emulsifier.0,48% of HCI, 0,3% of CaCl, and 30,94% of water, after sixmonths the test result still hove comply with the spesijication ofAASHTO M 208.The result of method 2(2), the rate stabiliy have aroun d of18 x 10-7 until 35 x 10-7 cm/second,From ten formulas using method 2, three still stand until sixmonths. The selected formula was made in a drum, and was testeduntil six months.

ENERGY AS A DEVELOPMENT PREREQUISITE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIETY Soefjan Tsauri
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The concept of energy as a development prerequisite is discussedin view of its role in Indonesia; a large country endowed with richnatural energy resources, with a dominant rural population.Renewable energy resources and their utilization is reviewed.Lessons can be obtained from typical income-generating energyprojects which is relevance for the small and medium scaleenterprises. A study or model of ellergy use in Indonesia using amarket allocation approach is noted, in which its relationship withair pollution issues are analyzed. The allocation of energyresources in Indonesia has the characteristics of a multidimensionalproblem. This is difficult to be resolved satisfactorily, as we knowth at thcis is part of a wider picture of the national development.The strategy includes people-centered initiatives, in anticipationof the open, competitive market in this globalized era. This paperdiscusses also the implication of energy technology developmentto the Indonesian energy economics. Basic issues related to theresearch capability, the priorities, and the allocation of resources(or research and development in Indonesia are also reviewed.Keywords: Indonesia; renewable energy resources; incomegeneratingenergy projects; model of energy use; air pollution;energy technology development.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SIMIARENOL FROM THE LEAVES OF FICUS AURANTIACEA GRIFF (MORACEAE) L. B.S. Kardono; Lenny Sutedja; H. H.S. Fong; S-X Qiu
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Ficus aurantiace a Griff (Mor aceae) collected from BukitKaba forest park, Bengkulu, was studied for the isolation andidentification of its bioactive constituents. This plant is a climbingtree, having large colored fruits, orange to red marbled withwhite spots. The methanol-soluble extract of the leaves was eluted10 silica-gel column chromatography several times using mixturesof chloroform-methanol as the elution solvent, leading to theisolation of a known compound, simiarenol. The structure ofsimiarenol was judged by its data comparison to published values,and based all the evaluation results of its physical andspectroscopic data. such as UV, IR, MS, one- and two-dimensional NMR, HMQC and HMBC.

BIOOEGRAOASI SENYAWA AROMATIK OLEH PSEUDOMONAS SP ISOLAT I4 DARI TABLET BAKTERI T. Sembiring; Lies Sriwuryandari
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Biodegradation test of aromatic compounds by pure cultureof bacterial isolate I4 from bacterial tablet using mineral mediumas growth medium was done. Aromatic compounds tested ascarbon sources used were phenol, p-chlorphenol, p-nitrophenol,2,4 dichlorphenol and benzene. The oval colony forming and highmotility isolate is an aerobic and gram negatif bacteria. Theisolate was able to use citric acid as carbon source, producedacid .from methyl red test and gave negative result of indol test.The isolate formed a slightly blue-green colour colony on agarslant, and it did not use ethanol as carbon source. Thecharacteristic of the isolate I4 indicated that it belonged to thegenus Pseudomonas. Test using selective media confirmed thatthe isolate I4 is a Pseudomonas fluorescence. The capability ofthe bacteria to oxidize of 2,4 dichlorphenol was relatively fast.Experimental results showed that the bacteri grew on benzene atconcentration of 10% (v/v), and degraded 2,4 dichlophenol withrelatively high rate.Keywords: Bacterial tablet, aromatic compounds, phenol. pchlorphenol,2,4 dichlorphenol, p-nitrophenol, benzene, pure culture,Pseudomonas fluorescence, isolate I4

ISOlASI DAN ELUSIDASI SENYAWA KIMIA DARI KULIT POHON Garcinia tetrandra PIERRE Soleh Kosela; leonardus B. Kardono; M. Hanafi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

A preliiminary study was carried out to isolate theconstituents of the stem bark of Garcinia tetran dra Pierre(Guttiferae). Several species of this family had been known asmedicinal herb, some other contain bioactive constituents andnovel compounds. The isolation were carried out by macerationin n-hexane where crude extract was purified usingchromatographic technique on SIG60 coloumn and n- hexane ethylacetate as eluents by gradient. Two pure compunds werefound and their molecular structures were determined on thebasis of combined spectroscopic methods UV, IR, 1H-NMR, l3C-NmR and MS and comparison with literature. The compouridhad been identified as xanton, 15-hydroxy-20, 21, 22, 23-tetramethyl-3H,11H-dipyrano (3, 2-a ; 2'. 3'-i) xanten-17-one(A), known as Thwaitesixanton and a triterpene as Hopenol - a(Hop-(22) (29)-en 3-0 ol) (B).

EFFECT OF STOPPING FERMENTATION OF Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 10830 (8-512F) AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES ON DEXTRAN FORMATION AND MEDIUM VISCOSITY Triantarti Triantarti; J. P. Dufour
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

At the cut end of deteriorated sugar cane stalks, Leuconostocmesenteroides grows, secreting dextransucrase and formingdextran. When biocide is sprayed, bacteria will be killed butdextransucrase might still be active and forming dextran.In this experiment, it was found that when fermentation wasstopped (L. mesenteroi des were killed) this enzyme(dextransucrase) was still able to form high concentration ofdextran. The amount of dextran formed depended on the time offermentation. It also depended on the p H and temperature duringthe incubation which affect the activity and the stability ofdextransucrase. The higher the incubation temperature (20-30°C),the more sensitive dextransucrase activity to the pH changes (PH4.6 - 5.4). The highest dextransucrase stability during a 20 hincubation was found at pH 5,4. The highest activity was foundat 30°C for pH 5.4 while at 25°C the activity was only slightly10IVer than 30°C.Key words: dextran formation, medium viscosity,dextransucrase.

PEMBUATAN KERAMIK KORDIERIT DENGAN METODE SOL-GEL DAN KARAKTERISASI-NYA Silvester Tursiloadi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Sol-gel method and melt-quenching as a reference methodwere studied for preparing a-cordierite phase. The solution ofcordierite precursor was prepared from a mixture of Si(O-Et),Al(O-Bu'), and Mg (O-EI)2 in 2-methoxyelhanol. The alkoxidesolution thus obtained was hydrolyzed with NH4OH-water. Thegel obtained was aged 80'C. After aging for more than one day,the products were dried at 120'C for 24 hours in dry oven. Allthe gel powders obtained were heat-treated up to 1050°C. Theirphase transformation was studied by using a DTA and X-raydiffraction. It was found that different crystallization behaviorswere shown by the Al/Si ratio in gel powders. As the amount of.41 atoms decreased the exothermic peak of DTA due tocrystallization shifted to lower temperature and the initialtram/ormation of a-cordierite phase front u-cordierite took placeby heat-treating at 900'C for 1 hour. However, the completetram/ormation of single a-cordierite phase took place at highertemperature than Al-rich samples. Although the calcination wasdone at 1050·C for 1 hr, the phase of u-cor dierite was stillobserved. Transformation of u-cordierite to a-cordierite phasefor Al-rich samples showed al a higher temperature comparedfor Al-poor samples, although the complete transformation tookplace at a relatively low temperature, compared with solid statereaction.The increase in Al concentration will increase the density ofsamples. The density of all samples were increased up to thecalcination temperature of 950·C, and the highest density wasobtained at 1050·C. The sample which was prepared by 'meltquenching'method, showed that the density of the sample was almostthe same although the calcination temperature was increased up tomore than 900'C. After calcination at 1050'C, the Al-rich samplehas a density of around 3,32 g/cm3 (93% of density standardcordierite).

PENGARUH BERAT MOLEKUL ADITIF PADA PENAMPANG MELINTANG DAN KARAKTERISTIK MEMBRAN SERAT BERONGGA POLISULFON, YANG DIAMATI DENGAN ALAT SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Syahril Ahmad
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Cross section of polysulfone membranes hollow fiber spun bydry - wet process have been studied. Composition of membraneobserved composed of 16% Polysulfone (PS) , 64% dimethylAcetamide (DMAc) as solvent and 18% Polyetylene glycol (PEG)as additive. Molecular weight of polyetylene glycols used were 200,300 and 400 Daltons. Fiber of membranes were charaterized bydextrane solution to find rejection coefficient and molecular weightcut - off of the membrane. Cross sections of hollow fiber membraneswere observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).Results of the experiment show that, molecular weight ofpolyethylene Glycol additif used in spinning of hollow fibermembrane affects form of cross section of substructure andmolecular weight cut - off the membrane obtained. This researchwas aimed to predict the pore size of membrane made based onmolecular weight of additive used.

PEMANFAATAN KULIT UDANG UNTUK PEMBUATAN KITOSAN DAN GLUKOSAMIN Muhammad Hanafi; Syahrul Aiman; D Efrina; B. Suwandl
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Shrimp shells as side product of frozen shrimp industry isnot yet used in pharmaceutical or chemical industries. Shrimpshells has a chemical constituent called chitin, calcium carbonateand protein as main compounds. By decalcination in dilute aqueosHCl solution (1-2 N) and deproteination ill dilute aqueos NaOHsolution (3-4 Nj gives a chitin. Deacetylation of chitin in theexcess of aqueous 50 % NaOH solution produces chitosan. Inthe preleminary experiment indicated that water (< 10%) andash (< 2%) content of chit os an same as standard. Based on theexperiment result the optimum condition was obtained as 1N HCIsolution (1: 10), 3N NaOH solution (1:6) and 50 % NaOH solution(1: 5) resulted 12,61 % chitosan with deacetylation degree valueabout 70 % with FT1R methode. Hydrolysis of chitin or chitosanin excess HCl gives glucosamine about 17 %, it's a mixture of aand B-glucosa11line. Glucoseamine is identified using 1H and13C NMR spectrum.

MENUJU LABORATORIUM ANALISIS LlNGKUNGAN TERPADU DAN TANTANGAN MASA DEPAN Soefjan Tsauri; Soemanto Imamkhasani
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 10, No 1-2 (2000)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v10i1-2.185

An idea on an integrated environmental analytical laboratoryand its challenges for the future were discussed. A generalanalytical laboratory equipped with conventional and instrumentalmethods could be improved to environmental laboratory byaddition of sampler eguipment. These include water sampler, impinger for sampling of ambient air, stack gas sampler andleaching test (TCLP) , all of these have been made locally andtherefore easily purchased with low price. Laboratory accreditationwas also discussed for improving the quality of laboratory as areliable environmental data generator. Accreditation requirementssuch as registration, methods of analysis, quality control, physicalcondition of lab oratory, equipment and instrument were explained.In addition, other challenges in research were pointed out on thearea of semi-micro techniques, sensor, micro-instruments,automation and telemetric system. Experiences showed thatenvironmental analytical laboratory had good challenges forbusiness. Analytical services, development of monitoring systemand training were identified as prospective business in Indonesiaparticularly in East of Java.

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