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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (1993)" : 7 Documents clear

KROMATOGRAFI LAPISAN TIPIS (KLT) DAN KROMATOGRAFI CAIRAN KINERJA TINGGI (KCKT) DARI SOLASODIN, AD DAN ADD Julia Kantasubrata; Loyniwati Loyniwati; Jamilah Jamilah; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) have been used to separate solasodlne, 4androstene-3,17-dione (AD) dan 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD)resulted from bloconversion process of solasodlne using Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286. In order to minimize the consumption of materials, the separation condition of HPLC could be looked for through TLC method. Two kinds of chromatographic interaction i.e. normal phase and reversed phase chromatography using respectively silica and CIS as stationary phase have been tried. In normal phase chromatography, there are still difficulties for eluting solasodine from silica column, since solasodine has relatively low Rj value. While in reversed phase chromatography, solasodine could be eluted from CIS column, only if the mobile phase is buffered. The selection of solvent systems for this separation should also consider the relatively low UV-Cut-Off of individual solvent, since detection of solasodine requires operation at 205nm. The minimum limit detection which is measured at 240 11m was found to be 0.92 ng AD and 1.54 ng ADD, while the smallest amount of solasodine which could be detected at 205 nm was 3.39 ng. Diode array detector could be used for confirming the solute peaks produced in bioconverslon process.

EFFECTS OF TRACE METALS AND MEDIUM COMPOSITION ON THE GROWTH OF Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414, IN A SUBMERGED CULTURE Milono Poesponegoro; Oei Ban Liang
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

In an attempt to optimize citric acid fermentation, a study has been conducted to determine optimum nutritional conditions for the growth of Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414. The objective of the study was to obtain information on the growth of this strain in a submerged culture for the study of citric acid production The following article summarizes the results of study on the effects of trace metals and composition of chemically defined medium on mycelial growth of A.niger ATCC 11414. Chemically defined media containing glucose as the carbon source and energy were used throughout the work. Growth experiments were carried. Out by a submerged culture process, in a 300-ml Erlenmeyer flask which contained 50ml liquid medium. The process was conducted at 30°C for 4 days in an orbital shaker incubator operated at 200 rpm. The cultivation process was followed by monitoring the changes in the culture medium of the concentrations of biomass, total reducing sugars, citric acid, and pH of the medium. It was concluded that copper (II), iron (II), zinc (II), and manganese (II) ions had a remarkable effect on the growth of A. niger ATCC 11414. With 5% glucose, the study showed that 5 - 15 ppm copper, 0.5 - 25 ppm iron and 0.5 - 25 ppb manganese ions were optimal for the growth of the strain. The growth of the strain increased with the increase of Zn2+ added (0.5 - 25 ppm). The most optimal medium for the growth of A.niger ATCC 11414 was found to be able to produce more than 16 g of dry weight of biomass for 50 g glucose.

PENINGKATAN NILAI DAYA CERNA DAN ENERGI METABOLISME NITROGEN TERKOREKSI BIJI KACANG Vicia faba var. Diana MELALUI PENYINARAN DENGAN SINAR INFRA MERAH Patuan L.P. Siagian
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Determination of the apparent digestibility by the difference method has been performed in order to ascertain the influence of infra-red treatment on the nutritional effect of legume seeds Vicia faba L. var. Diana. For the test, a total 0f 96 five-week old male chicks of LSL-Brown were kept in a full automatically adjustable climate conditioned room. The digestion test consisted of eight rations in mash form (1 basal ration and 7 test rations). The water was offered ad libitum. The duration of adaptation period was 4 days, the preliminary period was 3 days, and the main experimental period was 4 days, repective/y. The results of this experiment indicated a significant increase (p<0.05) of nutrient digestibility of legume seeds treated by infrared level 2 (80 seconds, seeds temperature 105°C) for dry matter (+14.6%), organic matter (+17.6%), starch (+16.5%), nitrogen free extract (+11.6%), lysine (+4.2%), threonine (+5.3%), and cystine (+11.9%). The value of nitrogen balance increased from 479,7 mg Niday to 622,3 mg Niday. An increase 0f N corrected meta-bolizable energy of the seeds from 10.67 MJ/kg DM to 11.95 MJ/kg DM was observed.

PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAKSI FASA PADAT UNTUK ANALISIS TETRASIKLIN DALAM CONTOH UDANG Evita Boes; Julia Kantasubrata; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

A great quantity of Indonesian frozen prawns were exported to Japan and America. Unfortunately these products have often been rejected due to their content of tetracycline derivative residues. Qualitative analysis of frozen prawn samples being exported by means of HPLC, indicated that they are contaminated by oxytetracycline and tetracycline residues. A problem of quantitative analysis of such residues could be due to several peaks of the matrix being eluted closely to the peaks of the tetracycline derivatives. An experiment was carried out to eliminate the peaks of the matrix origin using SPE (Solid Phase Extraction) in order to quantify the derivatives more accurately. Application of SPE in the sample pretreatment is useful not only for separating the solute being analyzed from the matrixs, but also for concentrating the tetracycline derivatives of the extract. The recovery of SPE column elution process was about 90% and the SPE octadecyl (1 ml) column capacity for oxytetracycline, tetracycline, demeclocycline and doxycycline i.e. 2.4-7.9 ug; 3.5-11.8 ug; 3.4-11.2 ug and 17.3-57.5 ug respectively.

ISOLATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL TEST OF GARLIC OIL A. T. Karossi; M. Hanafi; L. Sutedja
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Garlic oil is known to have medicinal effect on hypertension, heart desease, anemia and various infections. The active principles are reported to be allicin, diallil disulfide, allilpropyl disulfide, scorduun, selenium and germanium in addition to the presence of anticoagulant, anuhaemolytic and arulthrombotic agents. The methods applied for isolation and other conditions during the isolation affect the yield or the compositions of the oil, for instance with steam distillation the allicin will decompose whereas extraction at room temperature will yield oil with allicin as the main component. In the present study isolation was conducted by extraction with ethylacetate or ethanol and the oil obtained was tested for their antibacterial capacity. Tests against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli indicated that the isolated oil were active. On the other hand, commercial garlic extract (KGE) and garlic oil capsule (GOC) gave negative test. This may have been due to either insufficient concentration. of the biologically active component present in the commercial drugs or different method of extraction process. investigation with thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the drugs On silica gel plate ustngn-hexane and ethyl acetate as eluents showed six components in the GOC and none in KGE whereas for the isolated oil 13 components were identified with iodine vapour. Although the oils indicated antibacterial activity, it is somehow less active compared with oxytetracycline which is used as reference.

KARAKTERISASI POLIMER BAHAN ADESIF UNTUK KULIT DAN PLASTIK Roestamsjah Roestamsjah; Nuri Astrini
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Characterization of polymer of five commercially available elastomeric adhesives claimed 'suitable for leather and plastics had been conducted. Polymer samples were isolated from adhesive solutions by precipitation, and then characterized through FTIR spectroscopy, viscometry, GPC and thermal analysis. The FTIR spectrogram, indicate that five different samples of adhesives contained polychloroprene. Thermal analysis indicated similar glass transition points (Tg) of -40 to -43°C and three of them indicated the second glass transitions at 1.4; 3.6 and 13.5°C, Five adhesives indicated melting points (Tm) of polymers at 43 - 48°C, The average viscosity molecular weight (Mv) indicated two groups; i.e. Mv: 115,000 - 146,000 and Mv : 357,000 - 425,000. From secondary sources, polychloroprene has solubility parameter 8= 8.2 - 9.4 (cal em -3)0.5 or 16.74 - 19.13 (kJ m-3)0.5 and critical surface tension Yc = 38 dyne cmr-1 or mN m-1.

EFFECT OF POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE ADDITIVE ON MEMBRANE CHARACTERISTICS IN THE PREPARATION OF POLYETHERSULFONE HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE Syahril Ahmad
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Preparation by applying the dry - wet spinning method and characterization of polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes for ultrafiltration purpose have been studied. The characteristics of the hallow fibers studied include water flux, rejection rate, molecular weight cut - off and cross section structure. The membrane was prepared using the dope solution composition of 20% PES, 6% Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 74% of n-Methyl Pyrrolidone as solvent. The effect of molecular weight of PVP and the small amount of water added in the dope solution have also been studied. The results show that increasing the molecular weight of PVP in the dope solution will decrease the rejection coefficient of the membrane towards dextran solution. Effect of a small amount of water in the dope solution as wetting agent is not obvious as indicated by the fluctuations in the results. Higher operating pressure during ultrafiltration process give higher water flux, but the effect on membrane rejection is not clear. By taking the rejection coefficient as 90 %, the molecular weight cut-off of the hallow fiber prepared are 40,000; 80,000; 25,000 and 110,000.

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