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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 08532788     EISSN : 25277669     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 283 Documents
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SIMULASI PENGARUH UKURAN PARTIKEL DAN EQUIVALENCE RATIO DALAM PROSES GASIFIKASI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT Sabar Pangihutan Simanungkalit; Dieni Mansur; Nino Rinaldi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (660.815 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.26

Abstract

In this study, a simulation for gasification process of oil palm empty fruit bunches waste (OPEFB) using a fixed bed gasifier (throat downdraft) by varying the particle size of OPEFB and equivalence ratio (ER) was investigated. The rate of fuel consumption was 10 kg/h with air as the oxidizing medium and 1 hour process time for 1 batch. Simulation was performed with two-dimensional approach (2D) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ANSYS FLUENT 14 software. Simulation results show that ideal amount of equivalence ratio (ER) for gasification process of OPEFB pellets with diameter (φ) of 6 mm and 8 mm is 0.1 ≤ ER ≤ 0.2. ER variation affects the higher heating value of syngas (HHV), the carbon efficiency (ηC), gasification efficiency and temperature distribution in the gasification reactor. Variations in particle size did not have a significant effect in the gasification process.Keywords: CFD, OPEFB gasification, particle size, equivalence ratio
EFFECT OF OZONIZATION ON COD AND BOD5 VALUES OF WASTEWATER FROM DETERGENT MANUFACTURER Adi Mulyanto; Neni Sintawardani
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3057.434 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v8i1-2.208

Abstract

The aim of this experiments were to examine the effect of ozonizotion on COD and BOD5 value of wastewater from a detergent manufacturer and to put forward the efficiency of COD and BOD5 removal as a function of the ozonization. It has been known that the detergent industry produces wastewater with high concentration of both COD and BOD5. The observation showed that the ozonization alone was not a practical approachfor COD and BOD5 removal. However, the role of ozonization as a preliminary process before the biological one seems to be significant.
PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAKSI FASA PADAT UNTUK ANALISIS TETRASIKLIN DALAM CONTOH UDANG Evita Boes; Julia Kantasubrata; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3628.598 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v3i2.275

Abstract

A great quantity of Indonesian frozen prawns were exported to Japan and America. Unfortunately these products have often been rejected due to their content of tetracycline derivative residues. Qualitative analysis of frozen prawn samples being exported by means of HPLC, indicated that they are contaminated by oxytetracycline and tetracycline residues. A problem of quantitative analysis of such residues could be due to several peaks of the matrix being eluted closely to the peaks of the tetracycline derivatives. An experiment was carried out to eliminate the peaks of the matrix origin using SPE (Solid Phase Extraction) in order to quantify the derivatives more accurately. Application of SPE in the sample pretreatment is useful not only for separating the solute being analyzed from the matrixs, but also for concentrating the tetracycline derivatives of the extract. The recovery of SPE column elution process was about 90% and the SPE octadecyl (1 ml) column capacity for oxytetracycline, tetracycline, demeclocycline and doxycycline i.e. 2.4-7.9 ug; 3.5-11.8 ug; 3.4-11.2 ug and 17.3-57.5 ug respectively.
PURIFIKASI PARSIAL DAN KARAKTERISASI ß-GALAKTOSIDASE Lactobacillus plantarum B123 INDIGENOS DAN HIDROLISIS LAKTOSA UNTUK PRODUKSI SUSU ULTRA HIGH TEMPERATURE RENDAH LAKTOSA Tatik Khusniati; Neny Mariyani; Hanifah Nuryani Lioe; Didah Nur Faridah; Abdul Choliq; Sulistiani Sulistiani
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (708.319 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v17i2.31

Abstract

β-Galactosidase is enzyme which hidrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose. This enzyme is used in production low lactose milk for consumption human which have lactose intolerance. Partial purification of β-galactosidase is important to be conducted to increase  β-galactosidase activity in order to its hydrolysis potency on UHT milk lactose increased.This research was aimed to production by partially purification and characterization indigenous β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum B123, and lactose hydrolysis for production low lactose UHT milk. Partially purification were precipitation following dialysis. Characterization included optimazion and stabilization of enzyme, while lactose hydrolisis for production low lactose UHT milk was detected by enzymatic GOD-POD kit. The results showed that production of β-galactosidase by using partial purification increased from 21.51 ± 0.23 U/mL (crude) to 106.34 ± 0.56 U/mL (dialysis).  The optimum crude β-galactosidase activity was reached in precipitation by using 60 % ammonium sulphate.  The purity of crude β-galactosidase increased 3.71 times after precipitation, and 14.28  times  after dialysis. Characterization of β-galactosidase showed that  optimum activities of crude and dialyzed β-galactosidase were at pH 6.5 and 50 oC, respectively. Stability of crude β-galactosidase incubated for 1 h were at pH: 5.0-8.5 and 25-50 °C. Specific activity of crude β-galactosidase was 15.05 U/mg protein, while that dialyzed β-galactosidase was 109.58 U/mg protein. Lactose hidrolysis to produce low lactose UHT milk showed that glucose concentration increased with the increase of hidrolysis time. Time needed to hidrolyze lactose 50 % with 4.8 U/mL β-galactosidase at 50°C was 6.08 h. In conclusion that indigenous β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus plantarum B123 purified partially can be used as lactose hidrolyzer in production of low lactose UHT milk.Key words : b-galactosidase, indigenous Lactobacillus plantarum B123, purification, lactose hidrolysis, UHT Milk
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF 9-METHOXYCANTHIN-6-0NE COMPOUND FROM Eurycoma longifolia ROOTS Sofa Fajriah; Muhammad Hanafi; Atiek Sumiati; Ngadiman Ngadiman
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2282.305 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v12i2.213

Abstract

9-Methoxycanthin-6-one compound has been isolated from Pasak Bumi (E. Longifolia) roots. The isolation process using maseration, colum chromatography vacuum, and recrystallization techniques. E. Longifolia root maserated with n-hexane and methanol respectively. The methanol extract fractionated using column chromatography vacuum with gradient elution (hexane-etil acetate) to obtain 9 fractions. Fraction 5 further purification using recrystallization technique to obtain yellow crystal, identified by LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy as 9-Methoxycanthin-6-one.Keyword: E. Longifolia, isolation, spectroscopy, 9-Methoxycanthin-6-one.
KARAKT£RISASI SENYAWA AKTIF ANTI BAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA CENGKEH (Syzygium arimaticum) Dede Sukandar; Nani Radiastuti; Khoeriyah Khoeriyah
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4568.329 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v12i1.144

Abstract

Water distillation and purification of drought clove (Syzygium arimaticum) interest yields clove interest essential oils 6,5 % (v/w), rust colored ofchocolate, refractive index (25°C) 1,52874, specific mass (25°C) 1,0636 g/ml and condensation in ethanol 70% (1:2) limpid. Oil of clove haves the character of antibacterial to five test bacteriums ( B. subtilis, B. cereus, S. aureus, P. aeroginosa and E. coli). Result of analysis GCMS shows existence of eugenol compound (72,98%), kariaphilena (10,40%), a-humulena (1,04%) and acetate eugenol ( 15,58%). SpectraphotometerJKTI, VOL. 12, No.1, Juni 2010 analysis UV- Vis existence of absorption at Amaks 207,63 nm (ethanol) and 283,76 nm (eugenol). Analysis FTIR existence of bunch - OH (3543,39 em'), aliphatic C-H (1605,79 - 1766,90 em'), aromatic C=C ( 1433,60 - 1514,74 em'), C-Caril (1433,60-1514,74em-I) and cO (1268,44 em'). Keyword: Antibacterial, clove (Syzygium arimaticum) and essential oils.
SOLASODINE STEROID BIOCONVERSION BY MYCOBACTERIUM PHLEI DSM 43286. S. Pudjiraharti; T. A. Budiwati; J. Kantasubrata; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 2, No 1-2 (1992)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2080.766 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v2i1-2.280

Abstract

Bioconversion of solasodine by Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286 was conducted to obtain intermediate compounds which might be used as precursor in the production of steroidal drugs, i:e androst-4-en-3, 17-dione (AD) and androsta-l,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD). M. phlei was firstly grown in nutrient broth medium at 37 °C for 8.5 hours with agitation of 200 rpm. The bacterial culture thus obtained was used as starter to inoculate the conversion medium containing 0,02% solasodine as the substrate and 0.01% 8-hydroxyquinoline as inhibitor. Bioconversion was conducted for 12 days at 37 °C using the same speed of agitation. Analysis of the bioconversion products was carried oUl using samples taken periodically at a 24-hour interval by TLC and HPLC methods. TLC analysis using chloroform-ethyl acetate (80:20) as eluent, measurement of the nuvamum wavelength and molar extinction coefficient value showed that AD and ADD was not found in the fermentation product,, but other intermediau: compound might the present. However, HPLC analysis of the fermentation products using Ik'Porasil column and benzene- ethylacetatechloroform (40:80:10) as eluent, showed -peaks with retention time similar to that of AD (during the 2nd - 9th day of incubation) and, ADD (during the 5th - 6th day offermentation) and, other unknown peaks.
Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel Biomasa Lignoselulosa pada Pembuatan Bioetanol dan Biobutanol : Tinjauan Syahrul Aiman
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 18, No 01 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v18i01.36

Abstract

Bioetanol dan biobutanol dari biomasa lignoselulosa menjadi bahan bakarterbarukan yang sedang menarik perhatian banyak peneliti. Berbagai macambiomasa lignoselulosa yang berupa limbah pertanian, perkebunan,pengolahan hasil hutan, industri dan sampah kota telah diteliti untukdikonversi menjadi alkokol. Berbagai parameter proses mempengaruhiefisiensi dan efektifitas proses konversi biomasa limbah organik tersebutmenjadi alkohol. Salah satu parameter yang tidak banyak diperhatikan olehpeneliti di Indonesia adalah pengaruh ukuran partikel biomasa terhadaptingkat capaian proses konversi biomasa menjadi alkohol. Tinjauan iniditujukan untuk melihat pengaruh ukuran partikel biomasa lignoselulosaterhadap pembuatan bioetanol dan biobutanol sebagai bahan bakar.Peninjauan dilakukan melalui kajian pustaka (desk study) dan ditambahkandengan data primer hasil penelitian di Pusat Penelitian Kimia. Tinjauan inimemperlihatkan bahwa ukuran partikel biomasa mempengaruhi berat jenisunggun, viskositas campuran, luas permukaan spesifik yang kemudianmenentukan luas permukaan kontak. Disamping itu, proses penggilinganmempengaruhi porositas partikel biomasa dan menurunkan kristalinitasselulosa. Semuanya akan mempengaruhi digestabilitas selulosa selama proseshirolisa. Meskipun pengaruh ukuran partikel pada proses konversi masihkontroversi, dan masih menjadi bahan kajian para peneliti, tetapi sebagianbesar memperlihatkan bahwa semakin kecil ukuran partikel biomasa, sampaibatas tertentu, akan meningkatkan proses hidrolisa selulosa menjadi gulasehingga meningkatkan jumlah alkohol yang dihasilkan. Selainmempengaruhi tingkat capaian konversi, ukuran partikel biomasa jugamempengaruhi biaya proses.
UJI PELINDIAN SENYAWA-SENYAWA TEMBAGA DAN TIMAH HITAM SETELAH STABILISASI/SOLIDIFIKASI DENGAN SEMEN PORTLAND MENGGUNAKAN ROTARY AGITATOR Ardeniswan Ardeniswan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5211.446 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v12i2.218

Abstract

In this study, wastewater used in the experimental is an artificial wastewater containing copper and lead with each concentration of 500 mg/L. Metal ions were precipitated as hydroxide compounds [Cu (OH2, Pb(OH)2] and sulfide compounds (CuS, PbS). The precipitate partly was direct leached tested and the other part was stabilized/solidified by using Portland cement. Furthermore, TCLP test (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching procedure) was done by using the Rotary Agi tator with rotational speed 30±2 rpm for 18±2hours.From the TCLP test results showed that the compounds of CU(OH)2 and Pb(OH)2 leached without solidification process which carried out with Portland cement, both are 0.86 mg/L and 45.6 mg/L. While thecompounds CuS, and PbS leached also without solidification process which carried out with Portland cement, are424mg L; and 159 mg L.When the compounds of Cu(OH)2, CuS, Pb(OH)2, PbS were stabilized/solidified with Portland cement at the ratio 1:1, apparently both of copper ions from Cu(OH)2, and lead ions from Pb(OH)2 did notexperience leaching. In contrast to copper ions in the form of CuS, and lead ions in theform PbS, leaching was experienced at 3.56 mg/L and 1.16 mg/L. These values were still below the required quality standard for TCLP.Keyword : wastewater, heavy metals, hazardous waste, stabilization/solidification, TCLP test.
TEKNIK APLIKASI KONSORSIUM BAKTERI ENDOFITIK PENAMBAT N2 ASAL TUMBUHAN EKOSISTEM AIR HITAM KALIMANTAN TENGAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PENAMBATAN N2 TANAMAN PADI GOGO Mieke R Setiawati; Tualar Slmarmata; Yuyun Sumarni; Dedeh H Arief; Dwi Andreas Santosa; Hari R Harlyadi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4139.479 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v12i1.149

Abstract

This study was intended to derive an application technique of bacterial consortium obtained from plantation black water ecosystem of CentraKalimantan, and therefore to increase the nitrogen fixation and growth of the upland rice. The experiments were conducted in the Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, PadjadjaranUniversity, Jatinangor-West Java. The preliminary selection of inoculum source from the plantation ecosystem at black water ecosystem of Central Kalimantan produced 12 consortia of the endophytic bacterium that increase the growth of upland rice. Among of the 12 consortia, 2 consortia (did contribute nitrogen fixation consistently and so increase the growth of upland rice. The two consortia were a bacterial consortium (H) isolatedfrom the leaves of Waru plant (Dillenia pulchella) and a bacterial consortium (I) isolatedfrom Gemor plant (Alceodaphde sp.). Threefactorial of Complete-Random Design and triplo experiment was selected for the experimentaldesign of this study. First factor was consortium of endophytic nitrogen fixation bacterial with two stages (i1 = consortium H and i2 = consortium I). The second factor was the technique of endophytic nitrogen fixationbacteria application with two stages (aI = rice seed soaked in the bacterial suspension for 24 hours and a2= 1 MST old rice plant sprayed the bacterial suspension). The third factor was turbidity (population) of endophytic nitrogen fixation bacterial inoculum with 4 stages (Po=no inoculum control, PI=107 CFU.mtI, P2=109 CFU/mtI, P3= 1011CFU/ml). The CFU is a Colony-Forming Unit indicating microbes in aform of colony, initially, grew from single cell. The results of this experiment showed that the application technique of endophytic nitrogen fixation bacteria by soaking the upland rice seed in bacterial suspension containing 1011 CFU.mrI for 24 hours wasable to increase the growth and nitrogen fixation of the upland rice plant. Dry weight of the plant inoculated with consortia Hand I was respectively 0.084 and 0.097g while the nitrogenase activity of the upland rice plantinoculated with consortia Hand I was 254.0 and 225.0 nmol g"1 DWhou,-I, respectively. With Microbact 24 E (12E/12A + 12B) and API-20 NE methods, member of endophytic nitrogen fixation bacteriafrom consortium H was indentified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Brevundimonas vesicularis, and Burkholderia cepacia while from consortium I was Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Burkholderia cepacia,and Acinetobacter baumanii.Kata Kunci : Endophytic bacteria.Nitrogen, Plantation blackwaterecosystem, Uplandriceplant.

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