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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 08532788     EISSN : 25277669     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 283 Documents
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PENGEMBANGAN METODA ANALISA KIMIA UNTUK PEMANTAUAN PROSES FERMENTASI PEMBUATAN ASAM CUKA, ANTIBIOTIKA DAN HORMON STEROID A. T. Karossi; Julia Kantasubrata
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (1991)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3987.639 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v1i2.301

Abstract

Chemical analysis plays an important role in monitoring fermentationprocess and determining product quality of the process. Nowadays the development of analytical methods, which commenced from relatively conventional method to instrumental method, has become a reality. The development does not only increase either sensitivity or reproducibility, but also could identify the existence of substances produced during fermentation, which could not be achieved by conventional methods. In this article, several chemical analyses used for monitoring the production of vinegar, antibiotic and steroid harmon are described. In vinegar fermentation, analyses cover the determination of sllgars, ethanol and organic acids, while in antibiotic fermentation, in addition to determination of sugar, analyses of tetracycline derivatives as fermentation products, is also carried out. In steroid fermentation, analysis covers the determination of solasodine as substrate, AD and ADD as fermentation products.
Phenol Biodegradation and Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase Gene Sequencing of Bacillus cereus IrC2 isolated from Rungkut Indonesia Candra Yulius Tahya; Wahyu Irawati; Friska Juliana Purba
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (53.446 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v21i1.415

Abstract

Phenol is toxic organic compounds that harmful to humans, mammals, and disrupt the aquatic environment, especially higher-organisms in fresh-water environment. The biodegradation method using bacteria to degrade hazardous chemical and detoxify wastewater is an effective and efficient method. Bacillus cereus IrC2 isolated from sludge in an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Rungkut – East Java, Indonesia has been examined for the ability to degrade phenols in minimal salt medium. Bacillus cereus IrC2 is Gram-positive bacterium. This bacterium is motile, rod-shaped and its nucleotides sequence of 16S rRNA gene has been sequenced and can be accessed in GenBank with accession number MK511840. Bacillus cereus IrC2 is capable to use phenol up to 400 ppm as the sole carbon source to grow for 48 hours incubation. Phenol degrades 96% from initial concentration. Degradation of phenol was calculated by colorimetric method using 4-aminoantipyrine reagent and confirmed by GC MS analysis. The aerobic degradation of phenol pathways consists of three steps; in the first step, two hydroxyl groups are inserted into aromatic ring and catalyzed by mono or dioxygenase to produce dihydroxy aromatic compounds which are mostly catechols. Catechol enters the next step of aromatic ring cleavage catalyzed by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and/or catechol 2,3- dioxygenase. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene of Bacillus cereus IrC2 has been amplified by PCR and cloned into pTA2 vector. The cloned plasmid (pTA2-catE) was transformed into E. coli DH5α and selected blue-white colonies. The insert sequence was determined by Sanger deoxy sequencing method. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase gene nucleotides sequence of Bacillus cereus IrC2 was submitted nto GenBank with accession number MK561609.
Enrichment of Omega-3 from Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) Fish Oil by Enzymatic Hydrolysis Wawan Kosasih; Raden Tina Rosmalina; Mohamad Robi Muhdani; Dede Zainal Arief; Endang Saepudin; Sri Priatni
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 21, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v21i2.429

Abstract

Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) is an economically important fish in Indonesia. Anchovy contains Omega-3 that important to maintain the health of the heart and brain. This study aimed to enrich the Omega 3 content of anchovy oil from the North Sea of West Java. The extraction of anchovy oil was carried out by the soxhlet method. Enrichment of omega 3 from anchovy fish oil is carried out by hydrolysis with a commercial lipase enzyme at concentration 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 unit/600g fish oil,  for 5, 10, 15 and 20 hour. Before hydrolysis, fish oil was added with solvent water, ethanol, toluene, and n-hexane.  Omega 3 content of fish oil products were analyzed by using Gas Chromatography (GC) with FID detector with retention time 14.068 min and 15.506 min for α-Linolenat (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA), respectively. The results showed the highest omega 3 content (ALA 0.54% and EPA 1.103% ) was produced by addition n-hexane with a ratio 1:6 with the concentration of lipase was 1000 units for 20 hours.
Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) by Utilizing Bioactive Compound of Imperata cylndrica L Iwan Syahjoko Saputra; Siti Suhartati; Yoki Yulizar; Sudirman Sudirman
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 22, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v22i1.448

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been successfully synthesized using bioactive compounds of Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. In this study, precursors used HAuCl4 7x10-4 M, 8x10-4 M and 9x10-4 M. Concentration of Imperata cylindrica L used was 5%. The colloid of Gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) formed were characterized using Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The formation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) at concentration 9x10-4 M showed the best results with a color change to red. UV-Vis showed an absorbance value of 1.4 and a wavelength of 530 nm. FTIR analysis showed the interaction of -OH functional group on phenolic compounds of Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract with Au3+ ions. There was a shift on the peak at wavenumber 3414 cm-1 to 3404 cm-1, indicating the formation of Au nanoparticles. TEM analysis showed the morphology of AuNPs is sphere-shaped with a particle size of 20 nm. XRD analysis showed a crystal size average of gold nanoparticles is 12 nm.
Effect of NaCl Electrolyte Concentration on Al2O3 nanoparticle synthesis by electrochemical methods Maria Magdalena Kolo; Fredy Kurniawan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 22, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v22i1.452

Abstract

The Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles with the electrochemical Method has been investigated. The electrochemical cell consists of a cathode (Al) and anode (Al), then a solution of NaCl as the electrolyte. The variation of the concentration of electrolytes used in this study i.e, 0.1 M; 0.2 M; 0.3 M; 0.4 M and 0.5 M. The reaction was conducted for 15 minutes until the color changes from colorless solution become cloudy. Particle size analysis of alumina nanoparticles using a Zetasizer instrument. The results of particle size analysis of the effect of variations in NaCl solution were used for each concentration of 0.1 M - 0.5 M which is 96.2 nm; 107.4 nm; 120.1 nm; 125.8 nm and 211.0 nm respectively. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis were used to characterize the structure and size of the product. γ- Al2O3 nanoparticles were obtained by this method. The result showed the alumina nanoparticle size increases with electrolyte concentration
Synthesis Gas Production via Aqueous Phase Reforming over Hydrotalcite-supported Catalysts Luthfiana Nurul Hidayati; Anis Kristiani; Kiky Corneliasari Sembiring; Fauzan Aulia; Sudiyarmanto Sudiyarmanto
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i1.479

Abstract

Depletion of fossil fuel has gained attention to find an alternative of energy resources. The consumption of fossil fuel is increased gradually, raising many unfavourable challenges such as exploiting the unrenewable resources and causing environmental damages. This study aimed to produce clean energy derived from renewable resources. Glycerol as a by-product from biodiesel production from palm oil through  esterification process. Conversion of glycerol to synthetis gas (syngas) which produced hydrogen as the main product is considered as a renewable-clean fuel. Glycerol has been successfully converted to syngas by Aqueous Phase Reforming (APR) process over solid base catalysts. Hydrotalcite which is a layered double hydroxide used as catalyst support was impregnated with various metal promoters such as Ni, Cu, Co, Zn, and Sn. Those catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, Thermal Gravimetry Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry and X-Ray Diffraction to investigate the properties and structure of the catalysts. Catalytic activity was evaluated in a continuous fixed- bed reactor to produce syngas through APR reaction. The gas products were analyzed by GC-TCD, resulting Cu/hydrotalcite catalyst produced hydrogen, 55.2% v/v.
Optimatization in Bioconversion of Quercetin Glucosides Using Aspergillus acueletus LS04-3 Rizna Triana Dewi; Novita Ariani; Yasmin Ekapratiwi; Euis Filaila
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i1.472

Abstract

Microbial transformation is known to be useful for obtaining more active or less toxic compounds and achieving selective compounds conversion to more useful derivatives. The objective of this study is to explore several factors that affect the optimization of bioconversion of quercetin glucosides using Aspergillus acueletus LS04-3. To obtain the optimum condition of biotransformation the fungus was cultured under several conditions by varying the number of days of fermentation, the concentration of substrate, carbon, and nitrogen source. The transformation product was analyzed using HPLC and LCMS-MS. The results revealed that on the third-day biotransformation process, quercetin production reached the highest amount and the optimum concentration was at 50 ppm of quercetin glucoside based on HPLC analysis. In addition, from various carbon sources, glucose yielded the highest biotransformation product, while nitrogen accelerated the reaction. In this research, media of A. acueletus LS04-3 containing carbon and nitrogen could increased quercetin production. This research finding provided several factors for optimizing quercetin biotransformation by A. acueletus LS04-3. These factors were important in scaling up biotransformation even in other biotransformation reactions.                               
Ultrafiltration Membrane Performance Fitted In Dead-End Stirred Filtration Cell (DESFC) In Concentrating Shank Gelatin Aspiyanto Aspiyanto; Agustine Susilowati; Hakiki Melanie; Yati Maryati
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i1.488

Abstract

Performance of Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane fitted in dead-end stirred filtration cell (DESFC) as a membrane-based unit operation is an essential factor in concentrating shank gelatin to produce concentrated gelatin as a food additive. This study aimed to determine the optimum performance and to evaluate the feasibility of commercial UF flat-sheet membranes (1,000, 20,000 and 100,000 MWCO) equipped in DESFC. The experiment was conducted at gelatin and water ratio of  1:0, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6 in a laboratory scale with stirring speed of 400 rpm and trans-membrane pressure (TMP) of 40 psia for 30 minutes and resulted in retentate (concentrate) and permeate of shank gelatin. The results showed that larger pores size of the membrane and high ratio of gelatin and water increased both permeate flux and rejection. Based on permeate flux and dissolved protein, the optimum separation condition was achieved using UF membranes of 100,000 MWCO and a gelatin and water ratio of 1:6. This optimum condition resulted in permeate flux of 0.0215 mL/cm2.min. and dissolved protein Robs of 100%.
Proficiency testing scheme based on ISO/IEC 17043 in Indonesia: Strategy in complying the technical requirements for the proficiency testing providers Fransiska Sri Herwahyu Krismastuti
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i1.476

Abstract

Proficiency testing (PT) is conducted by accredited providers to assure the validity of measurements conducted by laboratories. ISO/IEC 17043 is the international standard used to assess the competency of PT providers. It consists of five clauses; scope, normative references, term and definitions, technical requirements, and management requirements. Compliance with the ISO/IEC 17043 has been challenging for PT providers especially for the new PT providers tried to gain accreditation for ISO/IEC 17043. The challenges and benefits for the PT providers on implementing ISO/IEC 17043, especially the technical requirements, are discussed with particular emphasis on the homogeneity and stability testing, statistical design, packaging and distribution of PT samples. This discussion is expected giving enlightenment for the new PT providers in complying with the ISO/IEC 17043.
Effect of Type and Concentration of Encapsulating Agents on Physicochemical, Phytochemical, and Antioxidant Properties of Red Dragon Fruit Kombucha Powdered Beverage Rena Agatha; Yati Maryati; Agustine Susilowati; Aspiyanto Aspiyanto; Anastasia Fitria Devi; Hani Mulyani; Setyani Budiari; Euis Filailla; Della Rahmawati; Nina Artanti
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/inajac.v23i1.474

Abstract

Kombucha is a healthy beverage from the fermentation of sugared tea with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). There is a growing interest on kombucha due to the reported health benefits. The original kombucha is prepared using only sweetened black tea infusion. The development of kombucha, however, has been reported to incorporate other plant water extracts. A previous study showed that kombucha beverage using red dragon fruit (RDF) as an alternative substrate gave the highest antioxidant activity at 15 days of fermentation. RDF kombucha instant powder could be a new food product development due to its longer shelf life, convenience, and low distribution cost. This study aimed to determine the best and the concentration of encapsulating agent for RDF kombucha powdered beverage which could retain the antioxidant properties. RDF kombucha was spray dried using maltodextrin, gum arabic, and inulin as the encapsulating agents with various concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%). Gum arabic was the best encapsulating agent since it gave the highest values of drying yield, pH, and  total phenolic content retention, in comparison to the other two encapsulating agents. Within the observed concentrations, the incorporation of gum arabic resulted in RDF kombucha powder with a similar appearance, red colour, and antioxidant retention. Thus, the 5% addition of gum arabic is recommended for future preparations of RDF kombucha powdered beverage.

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