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Indonesian Mining Journal

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Published by PUSLITBANG Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara

ISSN : 08549931 EISSN : 25278797 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science

This Journal is published periodically two times annually : April and October, containing papers of research and development for mineral and coal, including exploration, exploitation, processing, utilization, environment, economics and policy. The editors only accept relevant papers with the substance of this publication.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 263 Documents

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COAL DE-ASHING BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION Datin Fatia Umar; Fahmi Sulistyohadi; Gandhi Kurnia Hudaya
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 18, No 1 (2015): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 18 No. 1 February 2015
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Coal contains mineral matter that will be left as ash after coal is burned. Coal will be referred to as dirty coal if the ash content of the coal is high. High ash content is not preferred by consumers of coal users especially coal fired power plants, because ash content will produce fly ash and bottom ash that cause environmental problem. The process of ash content reduction by solvent extraction would produce coal with very low ash content (near zero) known as ash free coal (AFC). The study of ash content reduction was conducted by using Peranap coals that were taken from stockpile and mine site. The coals were then washed and separated into coals with low and high ash contents. The high ash content of coals from stockpile (46.02%) and mine site (25.02%) were then extracted using solvent. Three kinds of solvent have been tested, namely 1-methyl naphthalene, 1-1-1-methoxy ethoxy acetic acid and N-methyl 2 pyrolidynon. The results indicate that the ash content of coal derived from the stockpile decreased to 0.06% and coal from the mine site decreased to 0.11% by using 1-methyl naphthalene solution with a ratio of coal and solvent of 1: 6 (weight/weight).

IMPLEMENTATION OF MATHEMATICAL EQUATION FOR CALCULATING ALUMINA EXTRACTION FROM BAUXITE TAILING DIGESTION Husaini Husaini
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 19, No 1 (2016): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 19 No. 1 February 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Research on bauxite tailing digestion using pressurized batch reactor at a feed capacity of 86.66 kg had been conducted. Bauxite with -150 mesh of particle size is reacted with 42.15 kg of caustic soda (433.49 g/l) at 140oC for 1.0 to 2.5 hours using steam as heating media. Lime added are varied from 3 to 9 kg. After processing for a certain period of time, slurry product is transfered into a mixer. To evaluate percent extraction of Al2O3 from this process, the height of slurry level in the mixer, densities of the slurry, filtrat, and solid residue are measured and determined. The head sample of bauxite, filtrate and residue are analysed by using wet method to obtain Al2O3 content of each sample taken from the mixer. There are four equations that are used for obtaining the alumina extraction, namely : Vsl=4.176x+15.83 Wsl=(4.176x+15.83)ρsl S=(ρsl - ρl)/ (ρs - ρl) (ρs/ ρsl)*100% E=[10 (4.176x+15.83) [1- (ρsl - ρl)/ (ρs - ρl)]*[cl/FxF]% The calculation results show that by increasing lime added into the slurry, percent yield of alumina extraction tend to decrease from 46.63% for 3 kg of lime to 15.84% by using 9 kg of lime. Whereas by varying reaction time between 1.0-2.5 hours, percent yield of alumina extraction are fluctuation in the range of 42.07-60.54%, and the highest result was obtanined for 1,5 hours of reaction time. By implementing those four equations above for evaluating the data, we do not need to weigh the slurry in the reactor.

the behavior of heavy metals content in coal combustion products (ccps) and its leachate from indonesia coal power plants Ali Rahmat Kurniawan
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 17, No 2 (2014): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 17 No. 2 JUNE 2014
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The development of many coal power plants in Indonesia has been creating Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in a huge amount. The generating coal power plant will increase dramatically from 50 to 320 TWh in 2020. It is predicted that the total CCPs will be nearly 10.8 million tons in the same year. The large quantity of Indonesia CCPs will likely increase drastically and potentially will be a serious problem in the future. This research aims to measure heavy metals content in coal and CCPs, to assess their distribution in leachate and investigate the concentration level of heavy metals in leachate using TCLP method, and also to analyze the correlation between heavy metals content in coal, CCPs, and CCPs leachate using Pearson analysis.The analysis results show that the dominant element content in coal was boron. Moreover, the distribution of heavy metals tended to enrich fly ash. The concentration level of heavy metals fly ash and bottom ash leachates from all the power plants generally was much lower than the standard threshold. The significant level of concentration on fly ash and bottom ash was shown by boron. The concentration levels of heavy metals of coal ash leachates from two power plants were also much lower than the standard limit. The correlation between the heavy metals content of parent coal and CCPs pointed to no correlation between the variables. The heavy metals content of coal had no correlation with the concentration of heavy metals in CCPs leachate excluding nickel and chromium in bottom ash. Finally, it is recommended to assess other heavy metals concentration such as arsenic, mangan and selenium in CCPs leachate and further conduct a long-term study about the characteristics, leaching be- havior of heavy metal leachate and, their effects on the environment.

PREPARATION OF METALLIC CERIUM BY METALLOTHERMIC REDUCTION USING CERIUM OXIDE AS RAW MATERIAL Nuryadi Saleh
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 18, No 2 (2015): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 18 No. 2 June 2015
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Cerium is one of the rare earth elements (REE) which many are found in rare earth minerals of monazite. Cerium is widely used for metal alloys in stainless steel, permanent magnets and automotive industries. In Indonesia, researchs for cerium extraction from such minerals of monazite to procure metallic cerium have not been inten- sively carried out, although cerium is potentially promising as raw material for alloying. The present research aims to study the conditions of cerium oxide (CeO2) reduction process to yield metallic cerium (Ce). Cerium oxide reduction process was performed by a metallothermic method using a reductant of magnesium metallic powder and CaCl2 as a flux. The parameters studied during the experiments were the quantity of the reductant, the composition of the flux and temperature of the process. The best result of the experimental process obtains the yield of metallic cerium about 50%, while the metal purity is 91% Ce. The process took place under condi- tions of that the oxide sample and reductant ratio were 1 : 1, the flux addition was 1%, with temperature of the process at 1200°C for 3 hours.

STUDY ON CONVERSION OF SUBSIDIZED KEROSENE AS FUEL TO COAL AT TOBACCO DRYING INDUSTRY IN NUSA TENGGARA BARAT (NTB) PROVINCE IJANG SUHERMAN
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 12, No 3 (2009): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 12 No. 3 October 2009
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

In the last two years, a regulation on conversion of kerosene as subsidized fuel to alternative fuel for tobacco drying industry in NTB Province was issued. Coal as alternative fuel has a significant role in the conversion process. The process has been smoothly implemented due to advantageous condition like technical and economic aspects, supplier, port, and transporting structure and infrastructure. For 2007, 9,450 tons of coal has been consumed equal to conversion of 4,725 kilolitres (kl) of kerosene, making up the saved subsidy of IDR 16.112 billion. For 2011, coal consumption is predicted to reach 48,420 tons or convert 24,210 kl kerosene with the saved subsidy amount of IDR 82.556 billion. The amount can be doubled, if the conver- sion uses coal 100%. From the economic analysis, the efficiency of using coal as fuel is 28.4%, which equals to IDR 980 per kg. By using liquid petroleum gas (LPG), the cost for fuel will increase by 32.62% or equals to IDR 1,126 per kg.

COALIFICATION TREND IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 9, No 3 (2006): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 09 No. 3 October 2006
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Similarities and differences in rank characteristics in the Bukit Asam coals within the South Sumatera Basin reflect their geological setting, particularly influence of the intrusion of andesite bodies and stratigraphic aspect. Rank variation was determined by vitrinite reflectance measurements of one hundred and thirty-four (134) coal samples. The higher vitrinite reflectance of the coals is a result of higher regional coalification level in the basin associated with the local and variable effects of igneous intrusions, as well as the greater cover/overburden. Philosophically, the higher the temperature, the more profound the alteration occurs; and the thicker the overburden, the more profound the rank occurs as well. The thermally affected coals have vitrinite reflectances between 0.69% (high volatile bituminous) and 2.60% (anthracite), whereas those of not affected are between 0.30% (brown coal) and 0.53% (sub-bituminous) according to the Australian classification.

MODELS FOR PHYSICAL AND NUMERICAL SLOPE FAILURE OF LOOSE SAND UNDER DYNAMIC LOADING ZULFAHMI ZULFAHMI
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15, No 3 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 3 October 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Excessive vibration that causes damage to model the medium such as mine slope can physically and numeri- cally be modelled. The slope of this study simply represents the actual view of the slopes that has a smaller size than the actual one, while the numerical model is relates to a mathematical form of slope condition that based on physical and mechanical data of the medium. The slope failure has experimentally been built several variations. Effect of vibration is echieved by connecting the models into the vibration instrument with bearing that can horizontally move free in line within the determined track. The instrument is attached to a spring that can pull the model to side out. The spring is placed in an iron frame. Proviously, the slope has been formed in critical condition one (angle of 30°). Physical model and laboratory test results were used as an input for numerical modelling of the slope failure. Based on the numerical analysis, the SRF was 0.47 for D equal to 2 cm g around 0.0025. If the g’s were around 0.0057 and 0.0088, the obtained SRF for both g’s were 0.44 and0.41 respectively. While the D of 4 cm and g of 0.0024 came the SRF of 0.54, the g of 0.0064 derived the SRF of 0.48, and the g of 0.0106 obtained the SRF of 0.44. For D equal to 2 cm and g 0.0024, 0.0106; the obtained SRF was 0.54, 0.48 and 0.44 respectively. Increasing the D to 6 cm within variation of g from 0.0025, 0.0062 and 0.0106, the SRF was 0.51, 0.48 and 0.44 respectively. It is assumed that there is a correlation between the thickness of quartz sand layer and the decrease of SRF value. The correlation also occurs between the increase in vibration (g value) and the SRF.

From the Edito Sumaryadi Sumaryadi
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 2 June 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

UPGRADING OF TAYAN’S CRUDE BAUXITE USING ROTARY DRUM SCRUBBER Husaini Husaini; Stefanus Suryo Cahyono; Retno Damayanti
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 17, No 1 (2014): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 17 No. 1 FEBRUARY 2014
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Indonesia has abundant bauxite resources at Tayan, West Kalimanatan, where the reserve is relied more than 800 million tons. There were two types of Tayan’s bauxite that have been used in the present research. One contains 34.63 % Al2O3 and 5.20 % reactive SiO2 which is known as low grade ore, while the second type contains 47.30 % Al2O3 and 5.79 % reactive SiO2 which is known as high grade ore. A Rotary Drum Scrubber (diameter 80 cm, length 200 cm, screen opening 2 mm) was applied to upgrade the crude bauxite ores. The research was started by crushing followed by scrubbing and screening. The scrubber is supported by water sprayer to achieve washed bauxite (+2mm of particle sizes) separated from tailing (-2mm of particle size). The researchs were conducted by varying the feed rate (300-2100 kg/hr), solid percentage (14-36%) and water flow rate (35-78 L/minute). The results show that feed rate and solid percentage have high impact to the quality of washed bauxite obtained. The higher is feed rate and solid percentage the lower is alumina content of the washed bauxite produced. An optimum condition is attained at1600 kg/hour of feeding rate, 25% solid and 8 minutes of residence time that is capable to produce washed bauxite with chemical composition of 45.25 % Al2O3 and 3.27 % reactive SiO2 (when the crude bauxite as the feed is low grade type). On the other hand, the washed bauxite obtained with chemical composition of 55.50 % Al2O3, 0.47 % reactive SiO2 and impurities content with particle sizes <2mm is approximately 2,1% (when the crude bauxite as the feed is typically high grade). The average increase of Al2O3 content in the washed bauxite is 6.63% and the average decrease of reactive SiO2 is 2.87%. The washed bauxite produced is reliable as feed material for Bayer process.

EFFECT OF COAL UPGRADING ON RHEOLOGY OF COAL WATER MIXTURE DATIN F. UMAR; BUKIN DAULAY; HIROMOTO USUI; YOSHIYUKI KOMODA
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 10, No 3 (2007): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 10 No. 3 October 2007
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Coal water mixture (CWM) is coal-water slurry in which particles of coal with a certain particle size distribution are suspended in water. CWM is required to have the highest possible coal concentration and a moderate viscosity in order to make handling easy. The main purpose of this study is to obtain the effect of coal upgrading on the rheology of CWM in terms of finding the most suitable dispersing additive in producing CWM with highest coal concentration. Two kinds of coal, raw and upgraded coal, from three areas in Indonesia have been used. Three kinds dispersing additives, i.e. formalin conden- sation product of naphthalene sulfuric acid (NSF), polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) and poly (meth) acrylate (PMA) were tested to produce CWM with good flow characteristics. The rheology of CWM was prepared, measured by a stress control type rheometer (Rheometric Scientific Co. Ltd., SR-5) in steady shear mode at 25ºC. The apparent viscosity of upgraded coals showed a better slurry-ability of CWM as a function of coal concentration for every dispersing additive compared to the raw coal.

Page 7 of 27 | Total Record : 263

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Contact Name
Bachtiar Efendi

Contact Email
bachtaireaje@gmail.com

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
umar.antana@esdm.go.id

Editorial Address
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Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA