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Indonesian Mining Journal

imj
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Published by PUSLITBANG Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara

ISSN : 08549931 EISSN : 25278797 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science

This Journal is published periodically two times annually : April and October, containing papers of research and development for mineral and coal, including exploration, exploitation, processing, utilization, environment, economics and policy. The editors only accept relevant papers with the substance of this publication.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 263 Documents

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THE CURRENT STATUS OF IRON MINERALS IN INDONESIA Siti Rochani; SARIMAN SARIMAN; Rezky Iriansyah Anugrah; Pramusanto Pramusanto
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2008): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 11 No. 2 June 2008
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Indonesia has great iron mineral resources, comprising primary iron ore (17 %), iron sand (8 %) and lateritic iron ore (75 %). Nowadays, Indonesia’s primary iron (hematite, magnetite) has not been em- powered yet, due to the scattered area of the resources location. Meanwhile, national iron sand is commonly used for cement industries and its potency has not supported national steel industries yet because of low iron content (45-48 %). However there is an opportunity to be processed by using Ausmelt process technology. At present, lateritic iron ore is being used as coal liquefaction catalyst in the form of limonite, but hydrometallurgy would be a promising solution to beneficiate lateritic iron ore for steel industries.

WASHING TEST OF KENDILO COAL USING A SINK-FLOAT METHOD TO IMPROVE ITS QUALITY Wanda Adinugraha; Nana Sulaksana; Hendarmawan Hendarmawan; Binarko Santoso; Datin Fatia Umar; Fitri Amalia
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 21, No 1 (2018): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL, Vol. 21 No. 1, April 2018
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Kendilo coal is known as a high-ash content type. Beneficiating such the coal for gasification process needs to wash the coal first. The purpose of washing is to lower the ash content until the permitted amount of about 10%. Samples for coal washing were obtained from PT. Kendilo Coal Indonesia at Pasir Belengkong, Paser Regency, East Kalimantan. The samples were taken at Bindu and Betitit Block, which containing ash of about 20%–30%. To wash the coal samples, a sink-float method was applied to test its separation characteristic. The washing process employed three sizes fraction, i.e, -12.5+5.6, -5.6+1.18, and -1.18 mm and the separation density was varied between 1.3 to 1.6 g/cc within the interval of 0.1. The liquid solutions as the separation media were made from mixing of perchloroethylene and toluene. From the coal washability curve, the best coal washing in order containing ash content of about 8% in the case of Bindu Block's coal, occurs at the fraction of -12.5+5.6 mm, at density separator of 1.36 g/cc with the recovery of 50%. While the coal of Betitit's Block, the washed coal was 50.82% at similar fraction but at different density separator of 1.39 g/cc.

GEOLOGIC ASPECTS CONTROLLING MACERAL AND MINERAL MATTER CONTENT OF SATUI COALS- SOUTH KALIMANTAN BINARKO SANTOSO
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 14, No 2 (2011): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 14 No. 2 June 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Coal deposits were formed in Tertiary sequexnces in Satui area of Asem-Asem Basin, South Kalimantan. The coals were deposited in paralic to neritic environments. Lithotype of Satui coals is dominated by bright- banded and banded. Petrographically, vitrinite and liptinite are the dominant macerals in the Eocene coals. Inertinite is a minor component. Mineral content is relatively high in most of the coals. There is a significant relationship between lithotype and petrographic observations; the brighter coal is in association with the vitrinite-rich coal. The differences in the coal type are due to the interaction of geologic factors. There is a good correlation among lithotype, petrographic composition and geologic aspects that clearly influence the characteristics of the coals. The ranks of the Eocene coals ranging from brown coal to high volatile bitumi- nous indicate a normal regional coalification.

A PROPOSED METHOD TO EVALUATE COUNTRY’S ENERGY UTILIZATION EFFICIENCY MIFTAHUL HUDA; NINING S. NINGRUM; RIDWAN SALEH
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15, No 2 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 2 June 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The threat of global warming should be addressed by increasing energy effi ciency and reducing energy consump- tion, since the green house gas mainly comes from combustion of fossil fuel in energy sector. Unfortunately, the conventional energy effi ciency indicator in national level such as energy consumption per capita (ECPC), energy intensity (energy consumption: gross domestic product (GDP)) and energy elasticity frequently shows a contradictory result. Energy consumption depends on both number of populations and GDP. Therefore, the energy effi ciency indicator should also consider both parameters. The objective of this study is to develop a new energy effi ciency indicator using both GDP and energy consumption per capita as parameters. In this study, a new energy effi ciency indicator namely A/R energy is proposed. A/R energy (addition or reduction of energy) is calculated by subtracting the value of best practice ECPC with the value of actual ECPC. The value of best practice ECPC was derived from an equation correlated between ECPC and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. Using the new indicator, it is revealed that some country with low ECPC in Africa, Asia and South America should increase their ECPC while all the developed country should reduce their ECPC. The best practice correlation between best practice ECPC and GDP per capita was also used to evaluate energy projection of Indonesia. Indonesia energy projection has been developed by IEA, Green Peace and Indonesian Government. Considering GDP and population growth ECPC, it is concluded that Indonesia energy projection developed by IEA is the most realistic, effi cient but achievable.

ANALYSIS OF UBC UTILIZATION IN THE EXISTING COAL POWER STATION CASE STUDY : SURALAYA POWER STATION Gandhi Kurnia Hudaya; BUKIN DAULAY; Iwan Rijwan
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 11, No 3 (2008): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 11 No. 3 October 2008
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Coal resources in Indonesia mostly (65 %) are categorized as LRC (Low Rank Coal). Currently, the Indonesian Government is encouraging to use LRC as the main source of energy in the national energy mixed policy, including the acceleration program of constructing 10,000 MW Power Plant. With the advanced technologies, such as Upgraded Brown Coal (UBC) process, LRC can be used optimally, particularly for the power plant. Suralaya Generation Business Unit (SGBU), which is the largest coal power plant in Indonesia, recently has to use lignite coal or low rank coal because the price of medium and high rank coal is too expensive. This paper conducted to identify the problems faced by SGBU in using lignite coal and to evaluate the benefit of UBC process if used in SGBU to be blended with lignite. From the evaluation, it can be concluded that UBC process will give benefit to SGBU by reducing ash pollution and give economic benefit of Rp 507 billion per year maximum.

COMPOSITION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF RED MUD: A CASE STUDY ON TAYAN BAUXITE RESIDUE FROM ALUMINA PROCESSING PLANT AT WEST KALIMANTAN Retno Damayanti; Herni Khareunissa
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 19, No 3 (2016): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL VOL. 19 NO. 3, October 2016
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Bauxite residue emerges as the major waste material during production of alumina from bauxite by the Bayer’s process. An alumina refinery built in Tayan, West Kalimantan has a production capacity of 300 thousand tons per year. It means that it will produce red mud or bauxite residue approximately 300 – 350 thousand tons per year and washing residue around 200 thousand tons per year. Right now, it is stored in a nearby disposal area. This paper focuses on the characteristic study of the bauxite residue to evaluate the potential pollution risk to the surrounding environment. This experimental-based study is conducted to get appraisal and description of the residue regarding its utilization. Some characterization tests were conducted in the laboratory to find the properties of bauxite residue coupled with the previous study. It is found from the study that bauxite residue shows radioactivity elements. It comprises of oxides of iron, titanium, aluminum and silica along with some other minor constituents in the form of heavy metals and rare earth elements. Hazardous elements such as As, Pb, Cr and Hg were found in bauxite residue samples. But, the toxicity test showed that bauxite residue samples were not classified as hazardous material. Some rare earth elements such as Ga, Ce, Sc, Pr, Gd, Tb etc., were also detected in the samples.

IMPLEMENTATION IMPACT OF LAW NO. 4 YEAR 2009 ON MINERAL AND COAL MINING TOWARDS MINERAL AND COAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT DARSA PERMANA
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 13, No 2 (2010): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 13 No. 2 June 2010
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The issuance of Law No. 4 Year 2009 on Mineral and Coal Mining has certainly an impact on the manage- ment of mineral and coal mining operations throughout Indonesia as the law brings lots of new issues related to the regional autonomy that is contradictive to the previous issued regulation, i.e. Law No. 11 Year 1967 regarding centralized Main Guidelines on Mining. Surveys to several regions and business operation show that various problems have occurred. It needs early action to avoid bigger problems that will create a negative impact to the investment climate in mineral and coal mining sector, and will eventually hinder the improvement of people welfare.

EXTRACTING SILVER FROM ANODE SLIME AFTER LEAD AND GOLD SEPARATIONS Isyatun Rodliyah; Siti Rochani
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 20, No 1 (2017): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL VOL. 20 NO. 1 April 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Anode slime, a byproduct from the process of copper electrorefining into the copper cathode, contains several valuable elements that can be extracted after Cu and Pb separations. Another alternative route for extracting the precious metals is still needed in terms of gaining more economical route. This research aims to seek the new route to extract the precious metals, especially silver from anode slime. In these experiments, the anode slime was obtained from PT Smelting Gresik. The lead was separated to produce the residue which was then chlorinated to extract the gold. Later the residue was used for extracting the silver by dissolving it in ammonium hydroxide solution with varying time dissolutions and concentrations and later dissolving in hydrochloric acid to form silver chloride which was reduced to metallic silver. These experiments had two trials. The first one related to directly using residual chlorination after gold separation and the second one employed the same residual chlorination but processed through de-chlorination by adding sodium carbonate. The result showed that the highest silver recovery of 53.56% related to 5 M ammonium hydroxide concentration, the temperature of 30°C, dissolution time of 60 minutes. Recovery of 53.78% was achieved at 7 M ammonium hydroxide, the temperature of 30°C, dissolution time of 60 minutes. The feed of those experiments came from direct residual chlorination, while chlorination residue that underwent de-chlorination produced silver recovery of 94.95% with leaching conditions of 5 M ammonium hydroxide, the heating temperature of 30°C and leaching time of 60 minutes. The latest recovery was relatively high resulted in the process could be scaled up to a continuous system.

IMPACTS OF ARTISANAL GOLD MINING AND EFFORTS TO MINIMIZE NEGATIVE IMPACTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT HUSAINI HUSAINI; LILI TAHLI; MUTA’ALIM MUTA’ALIM
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 15, No 3 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 3 October 2012
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

Indonesia has extensive primary and secondary gold ore deposits that are scattered at several islands. The processing method for gold includes cyanidation, amalgamation and gravity concentration. Amalgamation is one of the most dangerous methods that pollutes the environment. The process is conducted by artisanal gold mining extensively throughout the country and involving around 100.000 miners. The process is started by crushing the ore up to 2-3 cm, then put in the trommel along with Hg and water. The trommel is then rotated for 4-5 hours to produce amalgam (Au-Hg) to be separated from its tailing by panning. The clean Au-Hg, mixed with liquid Hg, is then squeezed to separate the Hg excess. The Au-Hg, mixed with borax is then burnt in a crucible to evaporate its Hg and get the golds bullion (Au-Ag metal). The gold is obtained after the silver within the bullion is leached by HNO3 equipment used for burning the Au-Hg is an open vessel that is operated in the kitchen at which the people also cook the food. This condition is very dangerous for the miner and their families as the Hg vapor is very toxic and can damage human lung. Another problem is that Hg-containing fine tailings are directly discharged to the river. This mercury can pollute the aquatic system and become dangerous for human through food chain. The efforts decreasing the negative effect of artisanal mining employ a retort to burn the amalgam, centralize the trommels; concentrate the gold ores prior to amalgamation. Jig, shaking table, sluice box can be used for upgrading the gold. If tailing with relatively high gold content would be processed by gravity concentration or cyanidation, the location for tailing gold processing should be safe and far from the river and houses.

GEOLOGIC AND PETROGRAPHIC ASPECTS FOR COAL EXPLORATION IN SANGATTA-EAST KALIMANTAN BINARKO SANTOSO; BUKIN DAULAY
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 12, No 1 (2009): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 12 No. 1 February 2009
Publisher : Puslitbang tekMIRA

The Miocene Sangatta coals indicate similarities and differences in type and rank characteristics. The phenomena express the geological setting that includes the stratigraphic aspect and the pres- ence of intrusive body. The stratigraphic aspect relates to geologic age and cover thickness; the lower coal seam having a thicker cover has a higher rank than the upper coal seam. The intrusive body changes the rank of the coal up to semi-anthracite. The coals that are not affected by the intrusion have rank of brown coal to subbituminous. The rank of the coals increases from east to west toward the Meratus Range due to the cover thickness, where the western part has a thicker cover than the eastern part. These geological phenomena could be an exploratory target for the prospective coals.

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Home Page

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Contact Name
Bachtiar Efendi

Contact Email
bachtaireaje@gmail.com

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
umar.antana@esdm.go.id

Editorial Address
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Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA