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Indonesian Journal of Chemistry

ijc
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 14119420 EISSN : 24601578 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).

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Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1 (2012)" : 15 Documents clear

IMMOBILIZATION OF HUMIC ACID ONTO CHITOSAN USING TOSYLATION METHOD WITH 1,4-BUTANEDIOL AS A SPACER ARM Uripto Trisno Santoso; Radna Nurmasari; Dewi Umaningrum; Sri Juari Santosa; Bambang Rusdiarso; Dwi Siswanta
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Immobilization of humic acid (HA) onto chitosan using tosylation method with 1,4-butanediol as a spacer arm has been evaluated. Chitosan was phthaloylated selectively using phthalic anhydride in dimethylformamide as solvent with addition of 5% water (v/v) as cosolvent prior to be tosylated. N-phthaloyl-chitosan and HA were tosylated using tosyl chloride in excess and triethylamine as catalyst at temperature < 10 °C for 12 h. The 6-O-tosyl-N-phthaloyl-chitosan was reacted with 1,4-butanediol in order to obtain a spacer arm attached chitosan. The 6-O-butanol-N-phthaloyl-chitosan was activated by reacting with tosyl chloride. For evaluation on immobilization of HA on chitosan with and without spacer arm, 6-O-tosylbutane-N-phthaloyl-chitosan was reacted with HA and the 6-O-tosyl-N-phthaloyl-chitosan was reacted with HA. The HA immobilized onto chitosan was characterized by XRD and FTIR spectrophotometric method. The result showed that HA can be immobilized covalently onto chitosan after attaching 1,4-butanediol as spacer arm onto 6-O-tosyl-N-phthaloyl-chitosan and activating the product with tosyl chloride, but HA cannot be reacted directly onto 6-O-tosyl-N-phthaloyl-chitosan.

EFFECT OF THE ION TREATMENT ON AN RNA HAIRPIN: MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY Elisabeth Catherina Widjajakusuma; Alessandra Villa; Gerhard Stock
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Molecular dynamics has been employed to study the effect of ion treatment on the stability of 14-nucleotide RNA hairpin of Coxsackievirus B3. Three AMBER force fields were used: AMBER94, AMBER98, and AMBER99, which showed no significant structural difference of the hairpin. Thereafter, we applied two different long-range electrostatic treatments that were reaction field and PME methods, and calculated the distribution of ions around the hairpin. Although the structural stabilities of the MD simulations using both methods were similar in 0.14 M Na+, ion environment around the hairpin was notably different. In particular, structural stabilition of the hairpin with increasing ion concentration and with ion Mg2+ cannot be accommodated by simulations using reaction field method. Furthermore, the MD simulations using PME method suggested the strong similarity in structural and dynamical properties of the hairpin with 0.14 M Na+, 0.50 M Na+, 1,03 M Na+, and 0.08 M Mg2+ concentrations. However, the simulations revealed different ion occupations of Na+ and Mg2+.

IN VITRO BIOACTIVITY TEST OF IRRADIATED MAHKOTA DEWA BARK [Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.] AGAINST HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES Ermin Katrin Winarno
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Gamma irradiation has been used to preserve an herbal medicine, but it has not been known the effects of gamma irradiation on their bioactivity as an anticancer agent yet. In the previous study, the gamma irradiation on mahkota dewa bark with the optimum dose of 7.5 kGy could be used for decontamination of bacteria and fungus/yeast. In this report, the effect of gamma irradiation with the dose of 7.5 kGy on the bioactivities of mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.) bark against leukemia L1210 cells was studied. The control and irradiated samples were successively macerated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. In the previous results, silica gel column chromatography of ethyl acetate extract of non irradiated sample (control) gave 8 fractions. Among these fractions, fraction 6 indicated the most cytotoxic-potential fraction, so that in this experiment, the ethyl acetate extract of irradiated and non irradiated sample were fractionated with the same manner as previous fractionation. The fraction 6 obtained both from control and irradiated samples were then assayed their inhibitory activities against 4 kinds of human cancer lines, i.e. HeLa, THP-1, HUT-78 and A-549. The results showed that the fraction 6 from control sample gave IC50 values of 3.65, 5.59, 3.55, and 4.06 µg/mL, against HeLa, THP-1, HUT-78 and A-549, respectively, meanwhile fraction 6 from irradiated sample gave IC50 values of 8.26, 7.02, 5.03, and 5.59 µg/mL, respectively. Gamma irradiation dose of 7.5 kGy on mahkota dewa bark could decreased the cytotoxic activity of fraction 6 as the most cytotoxic-potential fraction against HeLa, THP-1, HUT-78 and A-549 cancer cell lines, but decreasing the cytotoxic activity has not exceeded the limit of an extract and the fraction declared inactive. So that the irradiation dose of 7.5 kGy can be use for decontamination of bacteria and fungus/yeast without eliminating the cytotoxic activity.

SYNTHESIS OF FLAVANONE-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES FROM SALICYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE Muhammad Idham Darussalam Mardjan; Retno Ambarwati; Sabirin Matsjeh; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Winarto Haryadi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Synthesis of flavanone-6-carboxylic acid derivatives had been conducted via the route of chalcone. The synthesis was carried out from salicylic acid derivative, i.e. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, via esterification, Fries rearrangement, Claisen-Schmidt condensation and 1,4-nucleophilic addition reactions. Structure elucidation of products was performed using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS and UV-Vis spectrometers. Reaction of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol catalyzed with sulfuric acid produced methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate in 87% yield. The acid-catalyzed-acetylation of the product using acetic anhydride gave methyl 4-acetoxybenzoate in 75% yield. Furthermore, solvent-free Fries rearrangement of methyl 4-acetoxybenzoate in the presence of AlCl3 produced 3-acetyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid as the acetophenone derivatives in 67% yield. Then, Claisen-Schmidt condensation of the acetophenone and benzaldehyde derivatives of p-anisaldehyde and veratraldehyde in basic condition gave 2'-hydroxychalcone-5'-carboxylic acid derivatives in 81 and 71 % yield, respectively. Finally, the ring closure reaction of the chalcone yielded the corresponding flavanone-6-carboxylic acids in 67 and 59% yield, respectively.

A STIGMASTEROL GLYCOSIDE FROM THE ROOT WOOD OF Melochia Umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. degrabrata K. Ahmad Ridhay; Alfian Noor; Nunuk H. Soekamto; Tjodi Harlim; Ian van Altena
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

A stigmasterol glycoside (stigmast-5,22-dien-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) has been isolated from the chloroform fraction of root wood of Melochia umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. degrabrata K. The compound structure was determined on spectroscopic evidences including IR, 1D and 2D NMR and compared to previous data. The isolate was also active against Aspergillus niger.

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