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Identification of Pediococcus Strains Isolated from Feces of Indonesian Infants With in vitro Capability to Consume Prebiotic Inulin and to Adhere on Mucus ., Widodo; Anindita, Nosa Septiana; Taufiq, Tiyas Tono; Wahyuningsih, Tutik Dwi
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 17, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.164 KB)

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to identify isolates obtained from feces of Indonesian infants and to evaluate their capability as probiotics. Identification of isolates was carried out based on morphology, physiology and biochemical identifications, and molecular identification based on 16S rRNA sequence. Morphological and physiological identification was carried out based on Gram staining, shape, motility, spore formation and catalase production. Biochemical identifications based on production of CO2 and NH3 from glucose, the ability to grow on different temperature (10 and 45°C) and pH (4.4 and 9.6), and different salt concentration (6.5 and 18%). Probiotics capability of isolates was assayed on the ability to grow on low pH (pH 2.0), on different bile salts concentration (0.3; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5%), the capacity to grow on media with inulin as the only carbon source, and in vitro adhesion ability on porcine mucin. Morphological, physiological and biochemical identification suggest that all of isolates belong to lactic acid bacteria. Further molecular identification of five isolates showedthat isolates AA, BE and BK were strains of Pediococcus acidilactici (similarity 99%), while isolate AP and AG were strains of Lactobacillus casei (similarity 99-100%). Probiotic assays showed that more than 80% of cells of Pediococcus acidilactici isolates AA, BE and BK were viable after grown on pH 2.0 for 90 min, and around 80% of cells from the same isolates were survived on media supplemented with bile salt 1.5% for 2 h. All of isolates had high adhesion capacity as seen by more than 75% of cells attached on pig gastric mucin. Investigationof isolates to grow on inulin showed Pediococcus acidilactici isolate BE was able to consume inulin as the only carbon source. It is concluded that Pediococcus acidilactici isolate BE was a candidate probiotics and subject to further in vivo evaluation using animal models to examine their beneficial health effects.Key word : Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus casei, human origin and probiotics.
THE POTENTIAL OF MATURE PANDAN LEAVES AS A SOURCE OF CHLOROPHYLL FOR NATURAL FOOD COLORANTS Chatarina Lilis Suryani Suryani; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Supriyadi Supriyadi; Umar Santoso
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan Vol. 31 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan, IPB Indonesia bekerjasama dengan PATPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2020.31.2.127

Abstract

Plant leaves are the primary source of natural colorants for food, mainly due to their chlorophyll content. However, the plant types and the degree of leaf maturity determine the quality and quantity of the chlorophyll. This study aimed to determine the best maturity level of pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leaves that serves as potential source of chlorophyll for natural food colorants. Eighty three pandan plants obtained from six different farming locations in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia were used as samples. The leaves were grouped into four levels of maturity using descriptive statistics based on their morphology, anatomy, color, and chlorophyll contents. The results showed that the average number of leaves ranged from 20-24 leaves per plant (at 95% confidence interval), and 96.4% of the plant had a maximum of 24 leaves. The leaf maturity was grouped into (1) young, (2) medium, (3) mature, and (4) over mature, corresponding to leaf number 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, and 19-24, respectively. The higher the leaf maturity, the higher the chlorophyll content. However, the over mature leaves were only slightly different from the mature ones. In addition, pandan leaves have specific flavor and contain carotenoid, phenolic, and flavonoid substances. Anatomically, the mesophyll’s size was greatest in the mature leaves, while the size of chloroplast was not significantly different from medium to over mature leaves. Based on the chlorophyll content and mesophyll size, it was concluded that mature pandan leaves were the best source of chlorophyll, containing chlorophyll of 623.08 mg/100 g dry weight (DW).
SINTESIS ANALOG KURKUMIN 2,6-BIS-(E)-4-HIDROKSI-3-METOKSI BENZILIDIN)-SIKLOHEKSA-1-ON BERBAHAN DASAR VANILIN DENGAN KATALIS HCl Rahma Diyan Martha; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Chairil Anwar
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 25, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v25i2.34106

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini memodifikasi gugus β-diketon sehingga dapat meningkatkan stabilitas dari analog kurkumin.Metode yang digunakan yaitu sintesis senyawa analog kurkumin berbahan dasar vanillin sebagai sumber benzaldehida dan sikloheksanon sebagai sumber keton dengan katalis asam (HCl). Dianalisis dengan KLT dan instrumentasi FTIR,direct-MS,1H NMR dan 13C NMR. Dari hasil analisis titik leleh, KLT, FTIR, direct-MS, 1H- dan 13C-NMR, bahwa senyawa target telah terbentuk berupa padatan warna kuning kehijauan, memiliki titik leleh 210-212 °C dan rendemen 53,00% serta hasil KLT terdapat spot baru yang berfluorosensi. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa analog kurkumin (2,6-bis-((E)-4-hidroksi-3-metoksibenzilidin)-sikloheksa-1-on) dapat disintesis melalui kondensasi aldol menggunakan starting material vanilin sebagai sumber benzaldehida dan sikloheksanon sebagai sumber keton dengan katalis asam (HCl).THE SYNTHESIS OF CURCUMINE ANALOGUE 2,6-BIS-(E)-4-HIDROKSI-3-METOKSI BENZILIDIN)-SIKLOHEKSA-1-ON FROM VANILIN WITH HYDROCLORIDE ACID CATALYSTThe aim of this study was to modify the β-dicetone group so as to increase the stability of the curcumin analogue. The method used is the synthesis of a curcumin analogue compound based on vanillin as a source of benzaldehyde and cyclohexanone as a source of ketones with an acid catalyst (HCl). Analyzed by TLC and FTIR instrumentation, direct-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. From the analysis of melting point, TLC, FTIR, direct-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR, that the target compound has been formed in the form of a greenish yellow solid, has a melting point of 210-212 ° C and a yield of 53.00% and the results of TLC are new fluorescent spot. Thus, it can be concluded that the curcumin analogue compound (2,6-bis - ((E) -4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidine) -cyclohexa-1-on) can be synthesized through aldol condensation using vanillin as a source of benzaldehyde and cyclohexanone. as a source of ketones with an acid catalyst (HCl).
Synthesis of Chalcones Substituted with Nitro and Hydroxyl Group in Alkaline Medium Lina Fauzi'ah; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
EKSAKTA: Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis VOLUME 16, ISSUE 2, August 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/eksakta.vol16.iss2.art5

Abstract

Telah dilakukan sintesis turunan senyawa kalkon tersubstitusi gugus nitro dan hidroksi melalui reaksi kondensasi Claisen Schmidt. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis senyawa kalkon yang tersubstitusi gugus hirdoksi dan nitro dalam medium basa, dan mempelajari pengaruh gugus tersebut dalam reaksi kondendasi. Kalkon 1 disintesis dari 4-nitroasetofenon dan vanilin menggunakan katalis NaOH 60% (b/v dalam akuades) melalui pengadukan selama 24 jam. Kalkon 2 didapatkan dari reaksi antara 4-nitroasetofenon dan veratraldehida dengan katalis NaOH 15% selama 4 jam, sedangkan kalkon 3 disintesis dari 4-nitroasetofenon dan 6-nitroveratraldehida dalam 5% NaOH 10 tetes. Produk hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, GC-MS dan 1H-NMR.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa kalkon telah berhasil disintesis dengan rendemen berturut-turut sebesar 16,80; 75,83; dan 44,11 % dalam medium basa. Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya gugus hidroksi dari sumber aldehida aromatik pada kalkon 1 menghambat terjadinya reaksi, sedangkan gugus nitro yang terikat pada aldehida aromatik menjadi kendala pada reaksi kalkon 3 karena sifatnya yang sensitif terhadap cahaya.
PENGARUH TEMPERATUR TERHADAP KINERJA KATALIS Ni/ZEOLIT PADA REAKSI HIDROGENASI KATALITIK Donatus Setyawan Purwo Handoko; Triyono Triyono; Narsito Narsito; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
Reaktor Volume 12, Nomor 4, Desember 2009
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (338.127 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.12.4.218 – 225

Abstract

Kinetika hidrogenasi katalitik 1-oktadekena telah dipelajari pada pengaruh temperatur reaksi. Katalis Ni/Zeolit dipreparasi melalui tahapan perlakuan asam (HF, HCl, NH4Cl), kalsinasi dengan N2, oksidasi dengan O2 dan reduksi dengan H2 serta impregnasi logam Ni (Ni(NO3)2.6H2O) melalui teknik impregnasi basah dan pertukaran ion. Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan pada reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik 1-oktadekena pada variasi temperatur yaitu 400°C, 450°C dan 550°C dengan laju alir gas H2 yang tetap, 15 mL/menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik senyawa 1-oktadekena pada temperatur 400°C memilki  konstanta laju reaksi (k) dan energi aktivasi berturut-turut 0,0900 menit-1 dan -46,14 kJ/mol. Laju reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik senyawa 1-oktadekena dengan katalis Ni/zeolit semakin menurun dengan meningkatnya temperatur reaksi pada rentang temperatur 400 hingga 550oC.
Improved Synthesis of 2',6'-Dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy Chalcone by Grinding Technique to Synthesize 5-Hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxy Flavone Elfi Susanti VH; Sabirin Matsjeh; Mustofa Mustofa; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (335.751 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21255

Abstract

5-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxy flavone can be efficiently synthesized in two steps via the formation of 2',6'-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy chalcone with good results. 2',6'-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy chalcone as reactants for synthesis of flavones was prepared through Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction between 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenones,3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and solid NaOH in mortar for 15 min. The yield of the product (70%) is higher than conventional method (65%). This chalcone then oxidatively cyclized with iodine to form 5-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxy flavone (yield 62%). Compounds synthesized were characterized by spectroscopic (IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR).
Method Development for the Analysis of Pharmaceuticals with Acethylcholinesterase Activity in Water Using HPLC-DAD and Solid Phase Extraction Samuel Budi Wardhana; Marit Kolb; Müfit Bahadir; Bambang Purwono; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (493.285 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21263

Abstract

An SPE followed by HPLC-DAD method with ion pair chromatography technique to analyze pharmaceuticals with acethylcholinesterase activity including pyridostigmine (PYR), galathamine (GAL), neostigmine (NEO), eserine (ESE), and donepezil (DON) in water samples was developed. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors have been used to treat less severe dementias such as Alzheimer’s disease. Chromatographic separation was achieved using reversed-phase SymmetryShield column using gradient system with mobile phase consisting of H2O/ACN (99:1, v/v) as mobile phase A with 10 mM sodium 1-hexanesulfonate and 0.1% acetic acid (HAc). The HPLC/DAD method was linear between concentrations of 5 to 100 ng/μL. The IDL and IQL ranged from 0.50 to 1.25 ng/μL and 1.5 to 3.0 ng/μL, respectively. SPE was used to extract and clean up the target substances in spiked pure water, tap water, and wastewater samples. The application of extraction method of 5 target substances in wastewater sample was divided into 2 parts: Oasis WCX (6 mL, 500 mg) for PYR and Oasis HLB (6 mL, 200 mg) for GAL, NEO, ESE and DON. The developed SPE and HPLC/DAD method is applicable for quantification of the 5 target substances in water samples in a concentration range > 50 µg/L and assumable lower for DON (> 25 µg/L).
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF 7-HYDROXY-3',4'-DIMETHOXYFLAVONE Elfi Susanti VH; Sabirin Matsjeh; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Mustofa Mustofa; Tri Redjeki
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (260.86 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21355

Abstract

Synthesis of flavones and their derivatives has attracted considerable attention due to their significant pharmaceutical effects. 7-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone has been synthesized and its antioxidant activity has been investigated. Flavone was synthesized by oxidative cyclization of chalcone. 2',4'-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone was prepared by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenones with 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehydes in the presence of aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and ethanol at room temperature. Oxidative cyclization of 2',4'-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone was done by using I2 catalyst in DMSO to form 7-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone. The synthesized compounds were characterized by means of their UV-Vis, IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. The compound was tested for their antioxidant activities by DPPH method.
SYNTHESIS OF 2-METHOXY-4,6-DI(PROP-1-ENYL)PHENOL FROM EUGENOL AND ITS ACTIVITY AS AN ANTIOXIDANT Hernawan Hernawan; Bambang Purwono; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (325.695 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21360

Abstract

Synthesis and antioxidant activity of 2-methoxy-4,6-di(prop-1-enyl) phenol from eugenol have been investigated. Synthesis was conducted through three stages of reaction. The first step was CTAB micellar catalytic O-allylation reaction at room temperature, to give 4-allyl-1-(allyloxy)-2-methoxybenzene (2). Compound (2) was subsequently heated for Claisen rearrangement and produced 2,4-diallyl-6- methoxyphenol (3). The final steps was isomerization of compound (3) in alkaline conditions in ethylene glycol, to yield 2-methoxy-4,6-di(prop-1-enyl) phenol (4). Antioxidant activity test was conducted by TBARS and DPPH methods. TBARS test showed that the compound (4) at a concentration of 50 μM could inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid shown by the increasing of time lag phase (96 ± 2.94 min), reducing the rate of propagation (± 54.54%) and reducing of malonal dialdehyde (MDA) formation (68.04 ± 0.84%). The DPPH test revealed that compound (4) indicated DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC50 107.66 μM and comparable with IC50 for BHT 107.37 μM.
SYNTHESIS OF FLAVANONE-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES FROM SALICYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE Muhammad Idham Darussalam Mardjan; Retno Ambarwati; Sabirin Matsjeh; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Winarto Haryadi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (339.57 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.21374

Abstract

Synthesis of flavanone-6-carboxylic acid derivatives had been conducted via the route of chalcone. The synthesis was carried out from salicylic acid derivative, i.e. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, via esterification, Fries rearrangement, Claisen-Schmidt condensation and 1,4-nucleophilic addition reactions. Structure elucidation of products was performed using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS and UV-Vis spectrometers. Reaction of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol catalyzed with sulfuric acid produced methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate in 87% yield. The acid-catalyzed-acetylation of the product using acetic anhydride gave methyl 4-acetoxybenzoate in 75% yield. Furthermore, solvent-free Fries rearrangement of methyl 4-acetoxybenzoate in the presence of AlCl3 produced 3-acetyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid as the acetophenone derivatives in 67% yield. Then, Claisen-Schmidt condensation of the acetophenone and benzaldehyde derivatives of p-anisaldehyde and veratraldehyde in basic condition gave 2'-hydroxychalcone-5'-carboxylic acid derivatives  in 81 and 71 % yield, respectively. Finally, the ring closure reaction of the chalcone yielded the corresponding flavanone-6-carboxylic acids in 67 and 59% yield, respectively.